Full Product Manual
Table Of Contents
- Low-Volume Landscape Irrigation Design Manual
- FOREWORD
- CONTENTS
- 1 WHAT IS XERIGATION®?
- 2 THE DESIGN PROCESS
- 3 GATHER SITE DATA
- LOW-VOLUME DESIGN WORKSHEET: DENSE HYDROZONE
- Calculating Water Requirements
- BASE PLANTS IN DENSE HYDROZONES
- TABLE 3-1: MINIMUM FILTRATION REQUIREMENTS
- TABLE 3-2: DETERMINING THE SOIL TYPE
- TABLE 3-3: SOIL INFILTRATION AND WETTING PATTERN
- TABLE 3-4: PET RATES BASED ON CLIMATE
- Hydrozones
- Chapter 3 Review
- Figure 3-3: Sample Plot Plan—Doyle Residence
- Figure 3-4: Sample Site Data Worksheet—Doyle Residence
- Answer Key
- 4 DETERMINE PLANT WATER REQUIREMENTS
- Figure 4-1: Dense Hydrozone Design Worksheet
- Calculating Water Requirements
- TABLE 4-1: BASE PLANTS IN DENSE HYDROZONES
- Calculate K c
- TABLE 4-2: ESTIMATED SPECIES FACTORS
- TABLE 4-3: ESTIMATED DENSITY FACTORS
- TABLE 4-4: ESTIMATED MICROCLIMATE FACTORS
- Calculate Water Require-ment for Dense Plantings
- Calculate Water Requirement for Individual Plants in a Sparse Hydrozone
- Area of Plant Canopy
- Application Efficiency
- Water Requirement (GPD)
- Chapter 4 Review
- Answer Key
- 5 IRRIGATE BASE PLANTS
- Identifying the Base Plant
- Emission Devices
- Labor Cost Considerations
- TABLE 5-1: XERIGATION EMISSION DEVICE APPLICATION MATRIX
- Dense Plantings
- TABLE 5-2: LANDSCAPE DRIPLINE CHOICES
- TABLE 5-3: LANDSCAPE DRIPLINE SPACINGS AND FLOW RATES
- LATERAL LINE SPACING WORKSHEET
- Figure 5-3: Equal Lateral Line Spacing
- Landscape Dripline: A More Technical Approach
- TABLE 5-4: MINIMUM RECOMMENDED WATERING DEPTHS
- Emitter Spacing Versus Watering Depth
- TABLE 5-5: MAXIMUM EMISSION DEVICE SPACING (INCHES)
- TABLE 5-6: RECOMMENDED EMITTER SPACING
- Xeri-Sprays™
- Sparse Plantings
- Selecting Emitters
- TABLE 5-7: EMISSION DEVICE SELECTION
- Recommended Emitter Placement
- Calculating the Wetted Area
- TABLE 5-8: AREA WETTED BY EACH EMITTER (SQ. FT.)
- Chapter Review
- Answer Key
- 6 CALCULATE SYSTEM RUN TIME
- Calculate System Run Time
- Dense Plantings
- TABLE 6-1: EMITTER DISCHARGE RATES (EDR) FOR LANDSCAPE DRIPLINE IN INCHES PER HOUR*
- Sparse Planting
- 2.Determine Maximum Run Time
- TABLE 6-2: MAXIMUM SYSTEM RUN TIMES FOR COARSE SOIL
- TABLE 6-3: MAXIMUM SYSTEM RUN TIME FOR MEDIUM SOIL
- TABLE 6-4: MAXIMUM SYSTEM RUN TIME FOR FINE SOIL
- 3.Determine Irrigation Interval
- Chapter Review
- Answer Key
- 7 IRRIGATE NON-BASE PLANTS
- 8 SYSTEM LAYOUT
- Figure 8-1: Correct placement of emitters
- Figure 8-2: Emitter layout options
- Figure 8-3: Layout using poly drip tubing (Xeri-Tube 700)
- Figure 8-4: Layout using rigid PVC
- Using Inline Tubing
- Placing Supplemental Emitters
- Figure 8-5: Placement of supplemental emitters for shrubs or trees: top view
- Figure 8-6: Placement of supplemental emitters for shrubs or trees: section view
- System Configuration
- TABLE 8-1: SPACING OF STAKES AND STAPLES
- Figure 8-7: Landscape Dripline system configuration
- Irrigating Slopes
- Figure 8-8: Correct emitter placement on slope
- Figure 8-9: Correct placement of lateral pipe on slope
- Figure 8-10: Placement of Landscape Dripline on a slope
- Container Plants
- Figure 8-11: Micro-bubbler in a container plant
- Figure 8-12: Multiple emitters in a container plant
- Figure 8-13: Xeri-Bug emitter in a hanging basket
- 9 SYSTEM HYDRAULICS
- Water Pressure
- Figure 9-1: Determining static pressure based on elevation
- Calculating Pressure Loss
- Figure 9-2: Total flow worksheet
- Figure 9-3: Completed total flow worksheet
- Figure 9-4: Flow rate worksheet
- TABLE 9-1: MAXIMUM FLOW RATES
- Determine Maximum Lateral Lengths
- TABLE 9-2: MAXIMUM LATERAL LENGTHS
- TABLE 9-3: MAXIMUM LATERAL LENGTH XT-700
- Pressure Loss Calculation
- TABLE 9-4: MINIMUM/MAXIMUM FLOWS FOR PROPER VALVE PERFORMANCE
- TABLE 9-5: MINIMUM FLOW REQUIREMENT FOR PROPER VALVE PERFORMANCE*
- TABLE 9-6: FRICTION LOSS CHARACTERISTICS OF XERI-TUBE 700
- High Pressure
- Maximum Inlet Pressure
- TABLE 9-7: RAIN BIRD PRESSURE REGULATORS
- Hydraulics Worksheet
- 10 INSTALLATION, MAINTENANCE AND TROUBLESHOOTING
- A FORMULAS FOR XERIGATION DESIGN
- B PET DATA
- C FRICTION LOSS AND PERFORMANCE DATA
- D XERIGATION PLANNING FORMS
- E GLOSSARY
- F XERIGATION PRODUCT LINE
- INSTALLATION DETAILS
- BIBLIOGRAPHY
- INDEX
- Contact Information
Page 68 Chapter 9
Determine Maximum
Lateral Lengths
The maximum length of a Landscape Dripline lateral is determined by the
maximum allowable pressure loss. The minimum inlet pressure should be 15 PSI.
As long as you meet this requirement, there is no need to calculate friction loss in
the Landscape Dripline lateral lines. Simply use Table 9-2 to determine the
maximum lateral lengths.
EXAMPLE
A change in elevation in the hydrozone will affect the maximum distance the
Landscape Dripline tubing can be run. Remember: 1 foot of elevation = .433
PSI. To determine exactly how much shorter (uphill) or longer (downhill) the
maximum lateral legnth can be due to a change in elevation, first calculate
the pressure loss (PSI) per foot of LD tubing on ground of zero slope.
Example: If the pressure at the start of your Landsape Dripline lateral is 45 PSI
and the flow rate is 0.9 GPH with emitters spaced at 12", the maximum
distance the tubing can be run without supplemental emitters is 236'. Since
the data assumes a minimum 8.5 PSI at the end of the lateral, the total pres-
sure loss for this distance is: 45 PSI - 8.5 PSI = 36.5 PSI.
Now divide this pressure loss by the maximum lateral length: 36.5 PSI/236' =
0.155 PSI loss per foot of LD tubing lateral. We will use this answer later to
determine how much shorter or longer the lateral can be due to slope consid-
erations.
Inlet Pressure Maximum Lateral Length (Feet)
PSI 12" Spacing 18" Spacing 24" spacing
15 159 130 222 174 283 214
25 252 171 359 231 457 287
35 304 211 435 289 558 358
45 342 236 489 322 627 399
60 392 268 558 365 716 453
Nominal
Flow (GPH)
0.6 0.9 0.6 0.9 0.6 0.9
Note: Data assumes a minimum 8.5 PSI at end of lateral.
Inlet Pressure Maximum Lateral Length (Meters)
BARS 30,5 cm 45,7 cm 61,0 cm
1,0 48,5 39,6 67,7 53,0 86,3 65,2
1,7 76,8 52,1 109,4 70,4 139,3 87,5
2,4 92,7 64,3 132,6 88,1 170,1 109,1
3,1 104,2 71,9 149,0 98,1 191,1 121,6
4,1 119,5 81,7 170,1 111,0 218,2 138,1
Nominal
Flow (l/h)
2,3 3,5 2,3 3,5 2,3 3,5
Note: Data assumes a minimum 0,6 bars at end of lateral.
TABLE 9-2: MAXIMUM LATERAL LENGTHS
Note: Data assumes a minimum 8.5 PSI at end of lateral for flushing purposes.
Note: Data assumes a minimum 8.5 PSI at end of lateral for flushing purposes.
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