Full Product Manual
Table Of Contents
- Low-Volume Landscape Irrigation Design Manual
- FOREWORD
- CONTENTS
- 1 WHAT IS XERIGATION®?
- 2 THE DESIGN PROCESS
- 3 GATHER SITE DATA
- LOW-VOLUME DESIGN WORKSHEET: DENSE HYDROZONE
- Calculating Water Requirements
- BASE PLANTS IN DENSE HYDROZONES
- TABLE 3-1: MINIMUM FILTRATION REQUIREMENTS
- TABLE 3-2: DETERMINING THE SOIL TYPE
- TABLE 3-3: SOIL INFILTRATION AND WETTING PATTERN
- TABLE 3-4: PET RATES BASED ON CLIMATE
- Hydrozones
- Chapter 3 Review
- Figure 3-3: Sample Plot Plan—Doyle Residence
- Figure 3-4: Sample Site Data Worksheet—Doyle Residence
- Answer Key
- 4 DETERMINE PLANT WATER REQUIREMENTS
- Figure 4-1: Dense Hydrozone Design Worksheet
- Calculating Water Requirements
- TABLE 4-1: BASE PLANTS IN DENSE HYDROZONES
- Calculate K c
- TABLE 4-2: ESTIMATED SPECIES FACTORS
- TABLE 4-3: ESTIMATED DENSITY FACTORS
- TABLE 4-4: ESTIMATED MICROCLIMATE FACTORS
- Calculate Water Require-ment for Dense Plantings
- Calculate Water Requirement for Individual Plants in a Sparse Hydrozone
- Area of Plant Canopy
- Application Efficiency
- Water Requirement (GPD)
- Chapter 4 Review
- Answer Key
- 5 IRRIGATE BASE PLANTS
- Identifying the Base Plant
- Emission Devices
- Labor Cost Considerations
- TABLE 5-1: XERIGATION EMISSION DEVICE APPLICATION MATRIX
- Dense Plantings
- TABLE 5-2: LANDSCAPE DRIPLINE CHOICES
- TABLE 5-3: LANDSCAPE DRIPLINE SPACINGS AND FLOW RATES
- LATERAL LINE SPACING WORKSHEET
- Figure 5-3: Equal Lateral Line Spacing
- Landscape Dripline: A More Technical Approach
- TABLE 5-4: MINIMUM RECOMMENDED WATERING DEPTHS
- Emitter Spacing Versus Watering Depth
- TABLE 5-5: MAXIMUM EMISSION DEVICE SPACING (INCHES)
- TABLE 5-6: RECOMMENDED EMITTER SPACING
- Xeri-Sprays™
- Sparse Plantings
- Selecting Emitters
- TABLE 5-7: EMISSION DEVICE SELECTION
- Recommended Emitter Placement
- Calculating the Wetted Area
- TABLE 5-8: AREA WETTED BY EACH EMITTER (SQ. FT.)
- Chapter Review
- Answer Key
- 6 CALCULATE SYSTEM RUN TIME
- Calculate System Run Time
- Dense Plantings
- TABLE 6-1: EMITTER DISCHARGE RATES (EDR) FOR LANDSCAPE DRIPLINE IN INCHES PER HOUR*
- Sparse Planting
- 2.Determine Maximum Run Time
- TABLE 6-2: MAXIMUM SYSTEM RUN TIMES FOR COARSE SOIL
- TABLE 6-3: MAXIMUM SYSTEM RUN TIME FOR MEDIUM SOIL
- TABLE 6-4: MAXIMUM SYSTEM RUN TIME FOR FINE SOIL
- 3.Determine Irrigation Interval
- Chapter Review
- Answer Key
- 7 IRRIGATE NON-BASE PLANTS
- 8 SYSTEM LAYOUT
- Figure 8-1: Correct placement of emitters
- Figure 8-2: Emitter layout options
- Figure 8-3: Layout using poly drip tubing (Xeri-Tube 700)
- Figure 8-4: Layout using rigid PVC
- Using Inline Tubing
- Placing Supplemental Emitters
- Figure 8-5: Placement of supplemental emitters for shrubs or trees: top view
- Figure 8-6: Placement of supplemental emitters for shrubs or trees: section view
- System Configuration
- TABLE 8-1: SPACING OF STAKES AND STAPLES
- Figure 8-7: Landscape Dripline system configuration
- Irrigating Slopes
- Figure 8-8: Correct emitter placement on slope
- Figure 8-9: Correct placement of lateral pipe on slope
- Figure 8-10: Placement of Landscape Dripline on a slope
- Container Plants
- Figure 8-11: Micro-bubbler in a container plant
- Figure 8-12: Multiple emitters in a container plant
- Figure 8-13: Xeri-Bug emitter in a hanging basket
- 9 SYSTEM HYDRAULICS
- Water Pressure
- Figure 9-1: Determining static pressure based on elevation
- Calculating Pressure Loss
- Figure 9-2: Total flow worksheet
- Figure 9-3: Completed total flow worksheet
- Figure 9-4: Flow rate worksheet
- TABLE 9-1: MAXIMUM FLOW RATES
- Determine Maximum Lateral Lengths
- TABLE 9-2: MAXIMUM LATERAL LENGTHS
- TABLE 9-3: MAXIMUM LATERAL LENGTH XT-700
- Pressure Loss Calculation
- TABLE 9-4: MINIMUM/MAXIMUM FLOWS FOR PROPER VALVE PERFORMANCE
- TABLE 9-5: MINIMUM FLOW REQUIREMENT FOR PROPER VALVE PERFORMANCE*
- TABLE 9-6: FRICTION LOSS CHARACTERISTICS OF XERI-TUBE 700
- High Pressure
- Maximum Inlet Pressure
- TABLE 9-7: RAIN BIRD PRESSURE REGULATORS
- Hydraulics Worksheet
- 10 INSTALLATION, MAINTENANCE AND TROUBLESHOOTING
- A FORMULAS FOR XERIGATION DESIGN
- B PET DATA
- C FRICTION LOSS AND PERFORMANCE DATA
- D XERIGATION PLANNING FORMS
- E GLOSSARY
- F XERIGATION PRODUCT LINE
- INSTALLATION DETAILS
- BIBLIOGRAPHY
- INDEX
- Contact Information
Table 5-1 shows that for sparse plantings, the best choices of emission devices are
Xeri-Bug emitters, Xeri-Bubblers, Pressure Compensating Modules and the Xeri-
Bird-8. You can use 1.0 or 2.0 GPH emitters for most sparse planting schemes,
and 0.5 GPH emitters for container plants and very fine soils. For larger shrubs
and trees, choose pressure-compensating modules or Xeri-Bubblers to provide
larger flows and to reduce the total number of emitters required. To eliminate
possible runoff, consider the use of wells or troughs to capture the higher flow.
Sparse Plantings
Page 38 Chapter 5
Xeri-Sprays
Rain Bird’s Xeri-Sprays (max. flow 31 GPH at 30 PSI) have higher flow rates than
most drip emitters, but lower flow rates than conventional sprays (up to 216
GPH). They are best suited to irrigating large, densely planted areas such as large
areas of ground cover. Avoid using Xeri-Sprays in windy conditions. Xeri-Sprays
should be placed head-to-head to allow for at least a 50% overlap of the spray
patterns. Xeri-Sprays will provide, on average, approximately one inch per hour
of water.
Xeri-Pop Series Micro-spray Pop-Ups
Rain Bird’s XP Series Xeri-Pop micro-spray pop-ups are much like conventional
pop-up spray heads except that they feature a 1/4" barb inlet instead of the
traditional 1/2" threaded inlet. They accept 5, 8 and 10 Series MPR nozzles with
flow rates of 45 GPH (0.75 GPM) or less. Xeri-Pops are available in 2", 4" or 6"
pop-up models. They pop up to water and then pop down flush when not in
operation so they are practically invisible and less vulnerable to damage. A 40 or
50 PSI pressure regulator is recommended for a Xeri-Pop zone.
Multi-Port Spray Nozzle (available Spring 2000)
The Multi-Port spray nozzle is unique in that it provides five patterns in one low-
flow micro-spray nozzle. Its patent-pending design is based on four independent
flow quadrants that can be opened, much like an emitter hole is punched into
drip tubing. The Multi-Port nozzle is compatible with all 1800 Series, UNI-Spray
Series and Xeri-Pop micro-spray pop-ups. In addition, it is virtually mist-free at
higher pressures of up to 70 PSI.
For non-turf applications, Xeri-Pops are ideal for:
• High traffic areas where vandalism, safety or aesthetics are a concern.
• Dense plantings where single-outlet emitters would be cost prohibitive to
install and conventional spray heads would overspray. Xeri-Pops have a
wide and adjustable area of coverage from a 5’ x 5’ quadrant up to a 10’ x 10’
square.
• Irregularly shaped planters to help avoid overspray.
• Use with PCS screens (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.6 GPM) and 5 B Series bubbler
nozzles to create a low-volume pop-up micro-bubbler that is easily visible
when in operation. Provides water-saving benefits of drip with the low
maintenance of pop-ups.
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