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Thank you very much for purchasing the PC-4. This handy, personal computer is excellent for those who are beginning to learn about computers. With the PC-4, you can enter the world of computers and start programming using BASIC language. CONTENTS Prior to Operation ..........................................·3 Use Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . 3 Power Supply and Battery Replacement • • . • • . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chapter 5 Program CaIcu lation ...............................27 5-1 5-2 Program Outl ine . . . . . . . . . . . . • • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ......•... 27 Program Fundamentals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . • . . . 28 5-2-1 Constants and Variables 5-2-2 Substitution Statements 5·3 . . . • • • . . . . • . • . • • . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . • • • • . 28 • . • . . • . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
This computer is delivered to you through our strict testing process, high-level electronics technology and rigid quality control. In order to ensure the longevity of the computer, please be sure to note the following precautions. • Use Precautions • Since the computer is constructed using precision electronics parts, never attempt to take it apart. Also, do not subject the computer to shock such as throwing or dropping it and avoid extreme temperature variations.
• Power Supply and Battery Replacement This instrument uses two lithium batteries (CR2032 Cat. No.23-162) for a power supply. If the display contrast is weak even when the contrast control is adjusted for maximum, (refer to page 11) the batteries should be replaced at the earliest opportunity. Be sure to replace the batteries every 2 years. I SCrews I I • I .. -:t.
® CD T PAT OM "S'I'IPRTSTOf' £:II:TiS0wm- I;)D) CV - GOTO PC-4 ® 1 POWER 1[[1] 4 IIAO I!I GIlA TRACE ON IJlTAACEOFF EXT -MODE ON ~<- 'NS !i mal PlI ~P7-P.-pg- I (g) I¢= I 19> ] -ON kID PAT OFF oo;G WRT m SHFT - > ummo P4 PS P6 II g II "-.-$-l-I-?-:-;-~ [~) ~ (~I cp cp up CD (Q] I ~ I a ,. '- ~ ep CPCPcjJCPciJ@cpcpcp~~~1J1l r~j qJ (E~] (7!,l~' I~T) [~) (SPCI (;) I ciJ m a -.1 P1 P2 .
ma JOEll [STOP] a Key operation in the Shift Out mode [2][aJ~D IM@@]~[]] C2JlRJ[[)OO[!J[Y][illO]@][E] ~@(§Ja 0[[]~[[]@](]JQ][[]w~ C1J~@)D 000[]JCYJ[[)ffi](MJ~§]OO ~8[ EXE I Key operation in the Shift I n mode P7 P8 P9 > P5 P6 .::S P2 P3 ::::- c::::J c:=l c:J c:::> .I ..
WSHIFT Shift Key (Symbolized by ~ hereafter) If this key is pressed, the Shift In mode is selected (" W" is displayed) and the Shift In functions on the keyboard can be used. Do not confuse (red key) with the regular (]J (letter "S"). m 1111I1 Mode Key This is pressed in conjunction with GJ and (el through ~ Keys to designate the computer's condition or angular unit in advance. ~8 "EXT" is displayed.
ISTOP] Stop Key If pressed during program execution, "STOP" will be displayed and program execution will stop at the end of the line. During execution trace with "STOP" on the display, this key displays the program area number and the line numbers. 1m Execute Key Press 1m instead of "=" when the result of a manual calculation is required. In the "WRT" mode, when writing in a program, press to write (store) each line in the computer. If this key is not pressed, nothing will be written in.
I .. [Q] (RJ ** $ ( ) ? : ; THEN PRINT m lK)[Il m [Q] CD [Q] 0 GOSUB FOR TO STEP NEXT GOTO IF IlfIIJIlH STOP END DEfM RUN LIST INM • OOw[ID[]]@]lK)QJlKJITJ []]OO@J[y][[]lliJOO~ Alphabet Key s/O ne- Key Command Keys/Character Keys • When writing in a program in the Shift Out mode alphabetical characters are displayed. Press the ~ Key when a space is required. • ~"""0Keys: In the Shift In mode the characters written on the panel above the keys are displayed.
5 y ,-,• EXT ~ RUN D£GRADGRA TR WRT ... ..... ..... ..... .. ...,. ....- ...... .. .... PRT STOP ••• •• ••n• • •••• •• •••••• ••.111•• • •• • • •• • • •• • • •• • • •••• • ••n • • • •• • • .... •• •• • ••••• ••• • II II The display shows the calculation value or result. A character may take up an area on the display composed of 5 horizontal and 7 vertical dots. A maxi mum of 12 positions are available for display of numbers or characters. (Zero is displayed as 0.
To adjust the display contrast use the control located on the right side of the computer. 11111 II 11111 11111 IU Turn in the direction of the arrow to increase contrast. Turn in the opposite direction to reduce contrast. The PC-4 comes with a standard RAM area of 544 possible steps and 26 memories. However, this can be increased to a maximum of ',568 possible steps and 222 memories with the optional RAM Expansion Pack (Cat. No. 26-3653Al.
(3) Insert the pack into the socket on the computer body and slide the clasp into a locked position. * Never touch the connector portion of the RAM pack or the PCB pad portion of the computer body. ----., Ji J1 = = = - I t-t-+............I-- l (, Clasp ~-~ -= ~ l j ~ _ _ ~L-, (4) Replace the rear panel and tighten the screws. There are normally 26 memory units (variables). The number of steps at this time is 544. The maximum number of standard memory units is 94.
Memory expansion is performed in units of 1 using a DEFM command. Example: Expand by 30 and make 56. Operation: Select the RUN mode (press ~~ ) or the WRT mode (press ~[I] ). DEFM * 30. DEFM can be input by pressing (ID(]JII!OO D.... or by pressing ~m A DE FM command is also used to confirm the number of memories wh ich are currently designated. Example: A total of 56 memories are designated.
Manual calculation and program calculation are performed in the "R UN" mode. (Press ~ [e) and RUN will be displayed.l "0 EG", "RAO" and "G RAil, only apply to angular units and their display has no effect for a calculation which has nothing to do with angular units. The PCA has a built in Calculation Priority Sequence and will perform calculations based on that sequence. The Calculation Priority Sequence is determined as follows. CD Functions (S IN, COS, TAN, etc.
Example: (1 X 10 5 ) 77 = 14285.71429 (1 X 10058711 14285.71429 1005.71:11428511 0.7142857 10 5 ) 77 -14285 =0.7142857 When the calculation result exceeds 1010 (10,000,000,000) or goes below 10- 3 (0.001), it is automatically displayed using an exponential display. Example: 123456789001 0a !1.2345678 ~0 1234567890 X 10= 12345678900 r (= 1.23456789 Xl 010) Exponential sign * The exponential portion is displayed along with an exponential sign following the mantissa portion. 1.234710000=0.
Delete fraction from the integer portion FRAC X FRAC Change to absolute value Ix I ASS Symbolize positive number ~ 1 X X SGN X O~O negative number ~-1 (round off x at 1oy) Round off Random number RND (x RAN t Y)* ** * In the case of the RND function the argument must be enclosed in parentheses. The result obtained by executing a manual calculation or program calculation is stored until the next calculation is executed. This result can be displayed by pressing the ~ Key.
If the formula or substitution,statement do not conform to BASIC grammar or if the calculation range of the computer is exceeded, an error will occur during execution and an error message will be displayed. The following error messages are displayed for manual calculation. [ERR2 ERR3 (Syntax error) (Mathematical error) The following error messages are displayed for program calculation. ERR2 P0-10 (A syntax error has occurred on line 10 of program Pel.
• Symbol input Example: Input $#? li!?__~_ Operation: Example: Operation: Input@¥S1 ~8 .... ,Extension mode (extension mode designation) EXT EXT @¥11 ~8 .... • (extension mode release) @¥11 ----._- ~"'-..:...--==----- Input of numerical value with exponent Example: Input 7.896 x 1015 Operation: Example: !7.S96E15 Input -2.369 x 10-45 1-2.
• Deletion Move the cursor to the position to be deleted and press the ~ Key. Each time the key is pressed, one character is deleted and the characters to the right move one position to the left. Example: Delete one of the "I" characters from "SIIN". Operation: Move the cursor 2 character positions to the left. @J@J I SIN Press [@ . Example: SIIN Delete "X," from "INPUT X, Y". Operation: Move the cursor 3 positions to the left. I INPUT X,Y_ t INPUT X. Y INPUT Press ~~.
Manual calculations are not made automatically by storing calculation formulas as a program. Instead, the calculations are performed manually by substituting the calculation on the right side of the numerical formula for the left side or by calling out the contents of the variable. Addition, subtraction, multiplication and division are performed by true algebraic D {xL. (+) and III (=) are used respectively_ logic operations. 0, The lID Key is used to obtain the calculation result.
Example~ Store 1234 in variable A. Operation: A ~ 1 234 I A= 1234 III Example: Add the result of 23 x 56 to variable K. Operation: K§) K023056 til This manually performed method is similar to a substitution statement in a program. * Prior to pressing the • Key, corrections can be made by moving the cursor to the position to be corrected and pressing the desired key. (Refer to page 18.) * To clear the entire display, press m .
• Memory calcu lation 12 X45 = 540 Example: 12X31 =372 75712=6.25 Operation: A§] 12 III AD45. 540 AD31. 372 7511AUI 6.25 23 + 9 = 32 Example 53-6=47 - )45x2=90 9973=33 22 M[§23D9lm Total Operation: M§]MD53D6U1 M§]MD45D2lm M~MD99113111 Mill * In this calculation method the results of the respective calculations are not known, yet they are converted to M. When you want to see the calculation results, use the following method: 2309. M§)~III 53aSlll M§)MD~lm 4502. M§]Ma~a 99113.
4-3-2 How to Perform Function Calculation • Trigonometric functions (sin, cos, tan) and inverse trigonometric functions (sin-I, cos- 1, tan-I) When using trigonometric or inverse trigonometric functions, be sure to designate the angular unit. Example: sin 12.3456· =0.2138079201 Operation: ~@) ~ "D EG'" SIN 12.345611 Example: 10.2138079201 2· sin45° X cos65.1· =0.5954345575 Operation: 2DS IN45DCOS65.1I1D Example: \0.5954345575 sin- 1 0.5=30· Operation: AS N C:} • 511I Example: cos ( ~ rad) =0.
Example: 101.23 = 16.98243652 (To get the antilogarithm of common logarithm 1.23) 1r--1-6~.~9~8~~~4-3-6~5-2---- Operation: 10l!!!J61.23l11 Example: 5.6 2.3 =52.58143837 Operation: 5.6~62.3. Example: 123 "7 (= J!i23 ) = 1.988647795 CS-2.58143837 I Operation: 123~6~61a7~6. Example: log sin40° + log cos35° = I 1.988647795 ~0.278567983 The antilogarithm is 0.5265407845 (logarithmic calculation of sin 40° x cos 35°) Operation: ~@-- \'DEG" -0.278567983 LOG SIN 400 LOG COS 3511I 0.
Example: 1-78.9~5.61=14.089Z8571 Operation: ASS ~c::S1:I7 8·9 Example: a 5· 6 ~611D The integer portion of 7~~O is 114.08928571 81 . Operation: INT~b7800a96~61B * This function obtains the maximum integer which does not exceed the original numerical value. Example: The decimal portion of 7:~O is 0.25.. Operation: FRAC~6 78eea961!!!l6111 • 10.
One-dimensional arrays are used with letters attached such as AU), B(j) etc. Since these arrays are used both with the normal 26 memories and with expanded memories, pay attention to the following array arrangement.
Program calculation is a method for: CD Programming the calculation or formula to be executed. (2) Storing the program in the computer. @Obtaining the result automatically by simply inputting data in the program. Let's examine the programming concept and procedure required to process a given problem using the computer . • Programs and Programming When computer users process a problem, they compose instructions which are written in a language that the computer can understand.
How to Count the Number of Steps A command or a function command in a program uses 1 step. A line number (numerical values from 1 through 9999) uses 2 steps. • Example: 1 I NPUT A '--' \ I '~ Im-------------------------------- 2 I = SIN 10 8 '--J 5 steps '---' A '---JL...J~ I...-.J 2 E··------------------------------ I I I I 100 PRINT \\ 8=" "-----' \ ; B 4 2 LED ------------···10 steps '--..I L..
A character variable is not a numerical value - although it may consist of numbers but a variable which contains a character string. In other words, "123" just happens to be 1 and 2 and 3 in sequence and is considered the same as "ABC". A character variable is made by attaching a "$" to a regular variable (A, B, X, Y, etc.). Example: AS,BS,CS,XS, YS Comparison or addition of each character variable 'is possible.
5-3-1 Program Writing Storing a program in the computer memory is called "program writing". This operation is performed through key input as follows. 1. Designate the WRT mode. 2. Designate the program area. 3. Input the program in line units (write-in). There are 10 program areas, namely, P0 through P9. Programs can be written in any of these program areas. (1) WRT mode designation Since. program writing is performed displayed.
Operation: Number of remaining steps CD Designate the WRT mode. ! 544 ~[I] P :'0: 123456789 , Program areas with no The currently designated programs written in program area will blink. * This display varies depending on the number of memories or the size of the written program. * The area nu mbers wi II not be displayed for those areas where programs have already been written. ® Designate program area Pili. 544 P ;'0':123456789 'I ® When a previous program remains, clear it.
sure to use it to clearly designate the end location . The spacing between the line numbers and commands and between commands and operands, facilitates reading the display. In BASIC language the spacing has no special meaning (except for a PR INT statement message) and may normally be omitted . • In this program, line n'umbers have been divided into increments of 10 but they may be freely used within a range of 1 through 9999.
Example: Operation: To start from line 20. RUN 20. * For method CD. it is not necessary to designate the program area to be executed. However, for method CV, it is necessary to designate the program area to be executed. (If the program area is different, the program written in thin program area will be executed,) 2. Key input during program execution Key input may be performed during program execution using an INPUT statement and KEY function.
• Program editing consists of changes, additions, or deletions in one or various lines, or even rearranging the order of the program to allow for logical execution. • Program editing is performed by calling out each line using a LIST command. • The LIST command can be used in both the RUN mode and the WRT mode. When used in the RUN mode, the program contents will be displayed and when used in the WRT mode, it will permit program editing. 1.
a. Partial change Change the "+" on line 20 of the previous example to" Example: *". Operation: • If the P0 program area is not designated, designate P0. I: ~ ri 510 LP. __ ~t 2._3_4_5_6_7_8_9 _ t._ Blinking means that a program is written and this is the currently designated program area. • Call out line 20 using a LIST command. LIST 20 III [ 510 20 _V=A+B- • Move the cursor below the "+".
b. Complete change of one line Example: Change Operation: ~ [I) "w = A - B" on line 30 to I "w = V/2". 510 P ,,:,.123456789 • Write the new line 30. 30uW§lVIIZ. 510 30 W=V/Z [ • Confirm the program list. ~~ READY P0 LIST III 10 INPUT A.B 20 V=A*B 30 W=V/2 40 PRINT V.W 50 END READY P0 (IDAddition Addition may be made in line units by writing new lines between existing lines.
let's list the program to confirm the additions. ~~ READY PO ~----~--- L I STlm 18 INPUT A,S 28 V=A*B 30 W=V/2 35 U=V*2 40 PR INT V.W _PRINT V,W,U 50 END READY PO @ Deletion a. Partial deletion Example: Delete"V," from line 40 of the previous example. LP 500 ~;.;;~ 123456789 • Call out line 40 using a LIST command and move the cursor below the "V". [-- LIST 40 DI 500 40 PRINT V,W 500 1 • Delete" V," using the ~ 4<3 PR INT V,W Key.
• List the program to confirm the deletion. ~lel READY PO LIST III 10 INPUT A,S 30 W=V/2 _ -_.- .. _._- 35 U=V*2 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - -.. - 40 PRINT W,U 50 END READY P0 b. Complete deletion of one line If you input the line number for the line to be cleared, the entire Iine will be deleted. Example: Delete line 30. Operation: ~ [1] • P 502 -,:.!.:.~ 123456789 'I"" /~ Input line number 30. 1- 510 • Confirm the deletion.
@ Line renumbering Example: Write the following program in P2. ' 10 INPUT N 20 M=Nt 2 30 L=NtO.5 40 PR INT M,L 50 END Move line 20 between lines 30 and 40. Operation: ~rn • Call out line 20 using a LIST command. LIST 2011 476 20 M=Nt2_ • Move the cursor below the 1#2'"' of line number 1120". I 20 M=Nt2 476 • Change 20 to 35 and input. 35 a 46 B I 30 L=Nt0.5_ • To complete the change, press t!I and release the change condition.
• In this condition, the contents on line 20 were moved between line 30 and line 40 but line 20 still remains, so delete it. 468 li!Irn 1.;,,,~345 6 7 8 9 f1 476 20 III • This completes line renumbering. Confirm by listing the program. li!I~ READY P2 LIST. 10 INPUT N 30 L=NtO.5 35 M=Nt 2 40 PRINT M,L 50 END READY P 2 (1 ) Program debug system The debug system of the PC-4 is divided into table top debug and conversation type debug using the display. I. Table top debug Debug system a.
(2) Conversation type debug If an error occurs during program execution, an error message will be shown on the display. These errors will be shown in line units and will indicate the kind of BASIC language error. Based on the error message which is shown on the display, debugging is then manually performed while conversing with the display. For the meaning of the error messages, refer to the Error Message List on page 64.
(3) Debug while executing the program Conversation type debug is performed by obtaining information from the computer in the form of error message. However, there may be occasions when an error message is not displayed yet the calculation or program result is incorrect. In cases like that program execution can be carried progressively in steps to confirm the calculation results along the way. and thereby isolate the error.
• If the program is resumed, it will stop at the next STOP statement and the value of V can be obtained again. 1~513B III YE STOP 'jTOP • By repeating this operation, the calculation process can be seen. When assembling a complicated program, checking the process using table top debug can be very difficult. However, if the variables are checked using this kind of STOP statement, programming mistakes can be found and corrected more easily.
5-6-1 Input Command • Input Statement An input command is used to input the data during program calculation. An input statement is used to input data into a variable using the keys during program execution or program execution stops (after display shows a "7 "). Format: INPUT ["character string".J variable [, "character string", variable] (Items enclosed in brackets may be omitted.) The "character string" may be omitted. However. if it is written.
• Memory calculation Example: 12 X 45 = 540 12x31 =372 75-;-12= 6. 25 Operation: AEJ 12111 ... _ - t--~~~~-~-_ Example AD45111 540 A031111 372 75aAIII 6.25 23 + 9= 32 53-6=47 - )45X2=90 99--:- 3=33 22 Operation: MEl 2 3D 9111 Total M§)MD 5 3116 III M§)MI:I45D 2111 M§)M099a311 Mill * In this calculation method the results of the respective calculations are not known, yet they are converted to M.
The output control function following the PRINT statement is a CSR function, which designates the location where the following data is to be displayed. For the numerical expression, a variable or calculation formula is written. In the case of a variable, the contents will be displayed. In the case of a calculation formula, the result will be displayed.
Using the value of this numerical expression, a position on the display can be designated as the starting place for data to appear. The method for counting the positions on the display is shown below. I I RUN Ii 1"1 I, I 1 L-.
GOTO A* 100 . jump to the line number which is the result of A* 100 (jump to line 200 if A is 2) GOTO #2 jump to the P2 program area GOTO #X jump to the program area which is the value of variable X (jump to the P8 program area if X is 8) GOTO #P+ 1 .. ,...... jump to the program area which is the result of P+l (jump to the P5 program area if P is 4) A GOTO statement is used to repeat program execution from the beginning or to jump to another program to perform a particular calculation.
"TH EN" or " ; If (semicolon) are used separately depending upon what follows. 5-6-5 Loop Command • FOR-NEXT statement A FOR"NEXT statement is used when you want to perform similar operations repeatedly and the number of repetitions (loops) is known. Format: FOR variable ~ = n TO m T -I initial value final value [STEP R-,] increment NEXT variable (Item enclosed in brackets may be omitted.) (n, m and Qare numerical expressions.
Example: To increase variable I in increments of 2 between 1 and 10. FOR 1=1 TO 10 STEP 2 \ NEXT 1 To reduce variable A in increments of 0.5 between 50 and 1. FOR A=50 TO 1 STEP-0.5 ~ NEXT A To increase variable P in increments of 1 between Q and R. FOR P =0 TO R \ NEXT P * When increase is performed in increments of 1, "STEP" may be omitted. * Nesting Up to 4 FOR-NEXT loops can be stacked. This stacking is called "nesting". ,--- FOR A = . _... FOR B=·· ..
x FOR 1=1 TO 5 STEP1 FOR J =2 TO 2m STEP 2 ~ NEXT I This kind of FOR-NEXT loop cannot be assembled. NEXT J Furthermore, exit from FOR-NEXT loop is permitted but entry to FOR-NEXT loop is not permitted. x FOR A=···· .. ········· FOR B=······· .. ···· .. IF·········THEN····· .... ······ \ NEXT B NEXT A o 5·6·6 Subroutine Command • GOSU B statement A subroutine is also called a "subp~ogram". Subroutines are separate programs to be called out from a main routine.
The numerical expression following the GOSUB statement indicates the initial line number of the subroutine area. Without a RETURN statement at the end of the subroutine area, program execution cannot return to the main routine. Example; 10ee A=B 10e GOSUB 1000 subroutine area 999 The numerical expression following a GOSUB statement may be either a numerical variable or a calculation formula.
• Nesting Similar to the FOR-NEXT statement, GOSUB statements can also be stacked. The number of times the subroutine is called out is fixed. This nesting can be performed up to 8 levels. Consequently, a subroutine can be called out from a subroutine. Main routine Main routine Subroutine 1st level 2nd level 3rd level Subroutine Subroutine Subroutine Subroutine In this example, the subroutines are not stacked so you can use as many as you like. This example shows three levels of nesting.
5-6-7 Multistatement A multistatement is used to connect two or more commands using a I ~ • ' I (colon). Example: 10 A=2 } 20 B= 1 e 10 A=2:B= 1e:C=50 30 C=50 10 PR I NT "NO." ;N; } 20 INPUT A 1e PR I NT "NO." ;N;: INPUT A - 5-6-8 Stop Command • STOP statement A STOP statement is a command to stop program execution temporarily. When a program is stopped using this command, press the lED Key to resume program execution. Any number of STOP commands can be written in a program.
5-6-11 List Command • LIST command A LI ST command is used to display the program contents. It can be used in both the "R UN" mode and the "WRT" mode. Format: LIST [line number] LIST A (Item in brackets may be omitted) When followed by a line number, the program will be displayed in sequence starting from the designated line number of the currently designated program area. When no line number is designated, display will be made from the beginning of the program.
5-6-13 Output Format • SET command A SET command is used to designate the display output format. It designates the number of effective positions and the number of decimal positions. Format: SET En········· designation of number of effective positions (n == 0 through 8) SET F n ......... designation of number of decimal positions (n == 0 through 9) SE TN······ ... designation release * If SET E 0 is used when designating the number of effective positions, 8 positions will be designated.
• VAL The VAL function changes the numbers in a character variable into a numerical value. Format: VAL (character variable) Since this function changes the numbers in the character variable into a numerical value, when there are no numbers in the character variable (for example, "ABC"), an error will occur.
Example: ~rn ~[1) III ···· .... ·c1ears a single program CLEAR A lID ·········c1ears all programs in all CLEAR areas. 5-6-17 Option Specifications • Cassette Magnetic Tape In order to record programs or data stored in th is un it on a cassette tape with the PCA, use the PC-4 cassette interface and an ordinary tape recorder. If the tape recorder has a remote terminal, remote control can be conveniently controlled from the PC-4 through the Cassette Interface.
• Recording All Programs Format: SAVE A ["filename"] (Item in brackets may be omitted.) This command simultaneously records all the programs which are written in all program areas from P0 through P9. The operation method is similar to the SAVE command and the tape recorder is started in the RECORD position. Operation: SAVE A ["filename"] • III Callout of all programs Format: LOAD A ["filename"] (Item in brackets may be omitted.
• Data callou t Format: GET ["filename"] variable 1 [, variable 2] (Items in brackets may be omitted.j This command can be used either manually or by writing it in a program. For manual use, start the tape recorder in the PLAYBAC K position and operate as follows. GET ["filename"] variable 1 [, variable 2] lED For use in a program, write it in along a line number attached and start the program.
• Program cannot be written due to insufficient number of steps or memory cannot be expanded. • Stack overflow due to a complicated calculation formula. • Clear unnecessary programs or reduce the number of memories. • Divide and simplify the numerical expression. Sy ntax error - A mistake has been made in writing the program, etc. - The left side format is different from the right side format in a substitution statement, etc. • Correct the error in the input program, etc.
INPUT INPUT variable string Causes data to be entered from the keyboard during execution of a program. The program execution is stopped until after the end of input. P.44 Character variable'" KEY Reads a character entered during execution of a program and assigns it to a character variable. Since the program is not stopped by this command, nothing is assigned to the character variable if no key entry is made. P.46 PRINT output control function {:} output element CSR Outputs the element.
Signifies the end of a FOR loop. If the result of v plus e 3 is equal to or smaller than e 2 , the loop is repeated again. If it is greater than e 2 , control proceeds to the line next to the N EX T statement. NEXT V P.49 STOP Stops the execution of a program temporarily to bring the system into a key-in wait state. The execution can be continued by pressP.54 ing the lED Key. END Signifies the end of a program, the system returning to its preexecution state. The execution of a program.
SAVE ["filename") Records only the program in the currently designated program area on tape. P.SH LOAD A LOAD ["filename"] Calls out the program from the tape and loads it to the currently designated program area. P.58 SAVE A ["filename"] Records the programs in all program areas on tape at the same time. P.59 LOAD A ["filename"] Calls out all programs from the tape and loads them to the respec~ tive program areas. P.59 PUT ["filename"] variable Records the data in the variable P.59 on tape.
-Type PC4.
• Display elements 12-position dot matrix display (liquid crystal) • Main components C-MOS V LSI and others • Power supply 2 lithium batteries (CR2032 Cat. No. 23-162) • Power consumption Maximum 0.02 W • Battery life Mainframe only - approximately 360 hours (Continuous use) • Auto power-off Power is turned off automatically approximately 7 minutes after last operation . • Ambient temperature range 0°Cto40°C (32°F to 104°F) - Dimensions 9.
SERVICE POLICY Radio Shack's nationwide network of service facilities provides quick, convenient, and reliable repair services for all of its computer products, in most instances. Warranty service will be performed in accordance with Radio Shack's Limited Warranty. Non-warranty service will be provided at reasonable parts and labor costs.
