RabbitCore RCM2100 Series C-Programmable Modules with Ethernet User’s Manual 019–0091 • 010315–A
RabbitCore RCM2100 Series: User’s Manual Part Number 019–0091, Rev 010315–A • Printed in U.S.A. © 2001 Z-World, Inc. • All rights reserved. Z-World reserves the right to make changes and improvements to its products without providing notice. Notice to Users Z-World products are not authorized for use as critical components in life-support devices or systems unless a specific written agreement regarding such intended use is entered into between the customer and Rabbit Semiconductor prior to use.
Table of Contents 1 2 Introduction 1-1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1-1 1-2 1-2 1-3 RabbitCore RCM2100 Series Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Advantages of the RabbitCore RCM2100 Series. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Development and Evaluation Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . How to Use This Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hardware Reference 2-1 2.
2.4 Other Hardware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10 2.4.1 Clock Doubler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10 2.4.2 Backup Battery Circuit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10 2.5 Programming Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12 2.5.1 Changing from Program Mode to Run Mode. . . . . . .
E External Interrupts E-1 E.1 E.2 E.3 E.4 E-2 E-3 E-4 E-4 Use of External Interrupts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Single-Interrupt Request . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OR’ed Interrupt Request . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Generating Interrupts With the RealTek Chip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
vi RabbitCore RCM2100 Series
Introduction 1 The RabbitCore RCM2100 series is a family of microprocessor modules designed to be the heart of embedded control systems. In addition to the array of I/O and addressing available on other Z-World products, the RCM2100 series offers an optional integrated Ethernet port. These modules permit LAN and Internet-enabled systems to be built as easily as serial communicationsonly systems. Data processing is done by a Rabbit 2000 microprocessor operating at 22 MHz.
• 13 address lines (BA0–BA12) • I/0 read, write, buffer enable • Status, watchdog and clock outputs • Two startup mode inputs for booting and master/slave configuration • External reset input • Reset output • Five 8-bit timers, two 10-bit timers; five timers are cascadable in pairs • 2 × 256K flash memory, 512K SRAM • Real-time clock • Watchdog supervisor • Provision for customer-supplied backup battery via connections on header J2 • Four CMOS-compatible serial ports: maximum asynchro
1.4 How to Use This Manual This user’s manual is intended to give users detailed information on the RCM2100 series modules. It does not contain detailed information on the Dynamic C development environment or the TCP/IP software support for the integrated Ethernet port. Most users will want more detailed information on some or all of these topics in order to put the RCM2100 module to effective use. 1.4.
Printing Electronic Manuals We recognize that many users prefer printed manuals for some uses. Users can easily print all or parts of those manuals provided in electronic form. The following guidelines may be helpful: 1–4 • Print from the Adobe PDF versions of the files, not the HTML versions. • Print only the sections you will need to refer to more than once. • Print manuals overnight, when appropriate, to keep from tying up shared resources during the work day.
Hardware Reference 2 Chapter 2 describes the hardware components and principal hardware subsystems of the RabbitCore RCM2100 series. Appendix A, “RabbitCore RCM2100 Specifications,” provides complete physical and electrical specifications. 2.1 RabbitCore RCM2100 Series Digital Inputs and Outputs Figure 2–1 shows the subsystems designed into the RabbitCore RCM2100 series.
The RabbitCore RCM2100 series has 40 parallel I/O lines grouped in five 8-bit ports available on headers J1 and J2. The 24 bidirectional I/O lines are located on pins PA0–PA7, PD0–PD7, and PE0–PE7. The pinouts for headers J1 and J2 are shown in Figure 2–2.
Table 1: RabbitCore RCM2100 Series Pinout Configurations Header J1 Pin Pin Name 1 VCC 2 GND Default Use Alternate Use 3 PCLK Output (Internal Clock) Output 4–11 PA[7:0] Parallel I/O Slave port data bus SD0–SD7 12–24 BA[12:0] Output 25 PC0 Output TXD 26 PC1 Input RXD 27 PC2 Output TXC 28 PC3 Input RXC 29 PC4 Output TXB 30 PC5 Input RXB 31 PC6 Output TXA 32 PC7 Input RXA 33–36 PD[0:3] 37 PD4 38 PD5 39 40 User’s Manual Notes Disable by removing R20;
Table 1: RabbitCore RCM2100 Series Pinout Configurations (continued) Pin Pin Name Default Use Alternate Use 1 PB0 Input Serial port clock CLKB 2 PB1 Input Serial port clock CLKA 3 PB2 Input Slave port write /SWR 4 PB3 Input Slave port read /SRD 5 PB4 Input SA0 6 PB5 Input SA1 7 PB6 Output 8 PB7 Output 9, 26, 39 GND 10–17 BD[7:0] 18 PE7 I7 output or slave port chip select /SCS 19 PE6 I6 output 20 PE5 I5 output or INT1B input 21 PE4 22 PE3 I3 output 23 PE2
Table 1: RabbitCore RCM2100 Series Pinout Configurations (continued) Pin Pin Name Default Use Alternate Use (0,0)—start executing at address zero Header J2 31–32 SMODE1, SMODE0 SMODE0 =1, SMODE1 =1 Cold boot from asynchronous serial port A at 2400 bps (programming cable connected) 33 /RESET Reset output 34 /RES_IN Reset input 35 STATUS Output (Status) 36 /BIOWR Output (I/O buffer write strobe) 37 /BIORD Output (I/O buffered strobe) 38 /BUFEN Output (I/O buffer enable) User’s Manu
2.1.1 Dedicated Inputs PB0 and PB1 are designated as inputs because the Rabbit 2000 is operating in an asynchronous mode. Four of the input-only pins are located on PB2–PB5. These pins are used for the slave port. PB2 and PB3 are slave write and slave read strobes, while PB4 and PB5 serve as slave address lines SA0 and SA1, and are used to access the slave registers (SD0– SD7), which is the alternate assignment for parallel port A.
2.2.2 Ethernet Port Figure 2–3 shows the pinout for the RJ-45 Ethernet port (J4). Note that there are two standards for numbering the pins on this connector—the convention used here, and numbering in reverse to that used here. ETHERNET 1 8 1. 2. 3. 6. RJ-45 Plug The factory default is for the 0 Ω resistor “jumper” at R5 to be installed. In high-noise environments, it may be useful to ground the transformer/connector assembly directly through the chassis ground.
2.2.3 Programming Port 2.3 Serial Port A has special features that allow it to cold-boot the system after reset. Serial Port A is also the port that is used for software development under Dynamic C. 2.3.1 SRAM The RabbitCore RCM2100 has a 10-pin program header labeled J5. The Rabbit 2000 startup-mode pins (SMODE0, SMODE1) are presented to the programming port so that an externally connected device can force the RabbitCore RCM2100 to start up in an external bootstrap mode.
FD RCM2100 Factory Default SRAM Flash Memory 128K/256K FD 512K JP1 JP1 3 2 1 FD 128K 1 2 JP3 3 1 2 JP3 3 3 2 1 JP2 512K JP2 J2 J1 JP2 U11 Flash EPROM JP1 U10 Flash EPROM J3 U12 JP3 SRAM Bottom Side Figure 2–6: RabbitCore RCM2100 SRAM and Flash Memory Sizes—Jumper Settings User’s Manual Hardware Reference 2–9
2.4 Other Hardware 2.4.1 Clock Doubler The RabbitCore RCM2100 series takes advantage of the Rabbit 2000 microprocessor’s internal clock doubler. A built-in clock doubler allows half-frequency crystals to be used to reduce radiated emissions. The 22.1 MHz frequency is generated using an 11.05 MHz crystal. The clock doubler is disabled automatically in the BIOS for crystals with a frequency above 12.9 MHz. The clock doubler may be disabled if 22.1 MHz clock speeds are not required.
The battery-backup circuit serves two purposes: • It reduces the battery voltage to the real-time clock, thereby reducing the current consumed by the real-time clock and lengthening the battery life. when the external power goes off. The switch provides an isolation between Vcc and the battery when Vcc goes low. This prevents the Vcc line from draining the battery. • It ensures that current can flow only out of the battery to prevent charging the battery.
RCM2100 has a reset output, pin 33 on header J2. The reset generator has a reset input, pin 34 on header J2, that can be used to force the RabbitCore RCM2100 to reset. Run Mode Program Mode To PC COM port RESET RabbitCore when changing mode: Short out pins 36 and 39 on header J2, OR Press RESET button (if using Prototyping Board), OR Remove, then reapply power after removing or attaching programming cable. Figure 2–10: Switching Between Program Mode and Run Mode 2.
Software Reference 3 Dynamic C Premier is an integrated development system for writing embedded software. It runs on an IBM-compatible PC and is designed for use with Z-World controllers and other controllers based on the Rabbit microprocessor. Chapter 3 provides the libraries, function calls, and sample programs related to the RabbitCore RCM2100. 3.1 More About Dynamic C Dynamic C has been in use worldwide since 1989.
3.1.1 Operating System Framework Dynamic C does not include an operating system in the usual sense of a complex software system that is resident in memory. The user has complete control of what is loaded as a part of his program, other than those routines that support loading and debugging (which are inactive at embedded run time). However, certain routines are very basic and normally should always be present and active. • Periodic interrupt routine.
3.2 Dynamic C Libraries With Dynamic C running, click File > Open, and select Lib. The following list of Dynamic C libraries will be displayed. The sample programs in the Dynamic C SAMPLES/RCM2100 directory provide further examples. 3.2.2 Serial Communication Drivers The Prototyping Board has room for an RS-232 chip for which the Rabbit serial library, RS232.
3.2.3 TCP/IP Drivers 3.3 Sample Programs The TCP/IP drivers are located in the TCPIP directory. Sample programs are provided in the Dynamic C Samples folder, which is shown below. Complete information on these libraries and the TCP/IP functions is provided in the Dynamic C Premier TCP/IP Function Reference Manual. The various folders contain specific sample programs that illustrate the use of the corresponding Dynamic C libraries. For example, the sample program PONG.
3.4 Upgrading Dynamic C Dynamic C patches that focus on bug fixes are available from time to time. Check the Web sites • www.zworld.com/support/supportcenter.html • www.rabbitsemiconductor.com/support.html ply copy over an entire file since you may overwrite a bug fix; of course, you may copy over any programs you have written. Once you are sure the new patch works entirely to your satisfaction, you may retire the existing installation, but keep it available to handle legacy applications.
3–6 Software Reference RabbitCore RCM2100 Series
RabbitCore RCM2100 Specifications A Appendix A provides the specifications for the RabbitCore RCM2100, and describes the conformal coating.
A.1 Electrical and Mechanical Characteristics Figure A–1 shows the mechanical dimensions for the RabbitCore RCM2100. 3.50 0.120 dia 1.44 (37) (17) 0.66 (51) 2.00 (3) (6) (12) 0.25 (89) 0.48 0.166 dia (0,0) for Pin 1 coordinates (20) 0.80 (15) 0.61 (20) 0.80 (15) 0.61 (89) (14) J1 3.50 (13) J2 (14) 0.57 0.57 (13) 0.50 0.50 (4) 2.
Table A–2 lists the electrical, mechanical, and environmental specifications for the RabbitCore RCM2100. Table A–2: RabbitCore RCM2100 Specifications Parameter Specification Board Size 2.00" × 3.50" × 0.80" (51 mm × 89 mm × 20 mm) Operating Temperature –40°C to +70°C Humidity 5% to 95%, noncondensing Input Voltage 4.75 V to 5.25 V DC Current 140 mA at 22.1 MHz, 5 V DC; 82 mA at 11.
A.1.1 Headers The RabbitCore 2000 uses headers at J1, J2, and J3 for physical connection to other boards. J1 and J2 are 2 × 20 SMT headers with a 2 mm pin spacing. J3 is a 2 × 5 header with a 2 mm pin spacing. J2 Figure A–2 shows the layout of another board for the RabbitCore RCM2100 to be plugged in to. These values are relative to the header connectors. Hole diameters of 0.035 inches are recommended for the user board that the RabbitCore RCM2100 will be plugged into. 2.375 (60.33) 1.125 J1 (28.
Figure A–3 shows a typical timing diagram for the Rabbit 2000 microprocessor memory read and write cycles. Memory Read (no wait states) T2 T1 CLK A[19:0] valid Tadr Tsetup D[7:0] valid Thold /CSx valid /OEx Memory Write (no extra wait states) Tw T1 T2 CLK A[19:0] valid Tadr D[7:0] /CSx valid /WE valid Thold /WEx Figure A–3: Memory Read and Write Cycles Tadr is the time required for the address output to reach 0.8 V. This time depends on the bus loading.
A.3 Rabbit 2000 DC Characteristics ing temperature range from Ta = –40°C to +85°C, VDD = 4.5 V to 5.5 V. Table A–4 outlines the DC characteristics for the Rabbit 2000 at 5.0 V over the recommended operatTable A–4: 5.0 Volt DC Characteristics Symbol Parameter Test Conditions Min Typ IIH Input Leakage High VIN = VDD, VDD = 5.5 V IIL Input Leakage Low (no pull-up) VIN = VSS, VDD = 5.5 V -10 IOZ Output Leakage (no pullup) VIN = VDD or VSS, VDD = 5.
A.4 I/O Buffer Sourcing and Sinking Limit Unless otherwise specified, the Rabbit I/O buffers are capable of sourcing and sinking 8 mA of current per pin at full AC switching speed. Full AC switching assumes a 25.8 MHz CPU clock and capacitive loading on address and data lines of less than 100 pF per pin. Address pin A0 and data pin D0 are rated at 16 mA each. Pins A1–A12 and D1–D7 are each rated at 8 mA. The absolute maximum operating voltage on all I/O is VDD + 0.5 V, or 5.5 V.
A.5 Conformal Coating The areas around the crystal oscillator has had the Dow Corning silicone-based 1-2620 conformal coating applied. The conformally coated area is shown in Figure A–4. The conformal coating protects these high-impedance circuits from the effects of moisture and contaminants over time. Figure A–4: RabbitCore RCM2100 Areas Receiving Conformal Coating Any components in the conformally coated area may be replaced using standard soldering procedures for surface-mounted components.
Power Supply B Appendix B provides information on the current requirements of the RabbitCore RCM2100, and some background on the chip select circuit used in power mangement. B.1 Power Supplies The RabbitCore RCM2100 requires a regulated 5 V ± 0.25 V DC power source. The RabbitCore design presumes that the voltage regulator is on the user board, and that the power is made available to the RabbitCore board through headers J1 and J2. A RabbitCore RCM2100 with no loading at the outputs operating at 22.
Figure B–1 shows a schematic of the chip select circuit. VRAM R16 /CSRAM 100 kW Q5 /CS1 Q4 VRAM R14 10 kW /RESET Figure B–1: Chip Select Circuit In a powered-up condition, the CS control circuit must allow the processor’s chip select signal /CS1 to control the SRAM’s CS signal /CSRAM. So, with power applied, /CSRAM must be the same signal as /CS1, and with power removed, /CSRAM must be held high (but only needs to be as high as the battery voltage).
Programming Cable C Appendix C provides additional theoretical information for the Rabbit 2000™ microprocessor when using the DIAG and PROG connectors on the programming cable. The PROG connector is used only when the programming cable is attached to the programming connector (header J5) while a new application is being developed.
The programming port, which is shown in Figure C–1, can serve as a convenient communications port for field setup or other occasional communication need (for example, as a diagnostic port). There are several ways that the port can be automatically integrated into software.
Sample Circuits D This appendix details several basic sample circuits that can be used with the RabbitCore RCM2100 series modules.
D.1 RS-232/RS-485 Serial Communication RS-232 1 RabbitCore RCM2100 V+ V C1+ 100 nF J1 3 C1 4 C2+ 5 C2 VCC 100 nF 2 6 100 nF 100 nF 29 PC4 11 T1IN T1OUT 14 TXB 27 PC2 10 T2IN T2OUT 7 TXC 30 PC5 12 R1OUT R1IN 13 RXB 28 PC3 9 R2OUT R2IN 8 RXC 25 PC0 4 D 26 PC1 1 R RabbitCore RCM2100 J1 33 PD0 47 kW 3 2 RS-485 VCC 680 W DE A 6 B 7 485+ 220 W 485 680 W RE SP483EN Figure D–1: Sample RS-232 and RS-485 Circuits Sample Program: PUTS.
D.2 Keypad and LCD Connections RabbitCore RCM2100 J2 VCC 10 kW resistors PB0 PB2 PB3 PB4 PB5 1 3 4 5 6 J1 Keypad Row 0 Row 2 Row 3 Row 4 Row 5 PC1 PD1 PD2 26 34 35 Row 1 Col 0 Col 1 NC NC Figure D–2: Sample Keypad Connections Sample Program: KEYLCD2.C in SAMPLES/RCM2100. RabbitCore RCM2100 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 PA1 PA2 PA3 PA4 PA5 PA6 PA7 100 nF 680 W 3 470 W 1 kW 2.2 kW 4.
D.3 External Memory The sample circuit can be used with an external 64K memory device. Larger SRAMs can be written to using this scheme by using other available Rabbit 2000 ports (parallel ports A to E) as address lines. 8K × 8 SRAM RabbitCore RCM2100 BA0BA12 A0A12 D0D7 BD0BD7 /IOW /IOR PE7 /WE /OE /CE 10 kW Vcc Figure D–4: Sample External Memory Connections Sample Program: EXTSRAM2.C in SAMPLES/RCM2100.
D.4 D/A Converter The output will initially be 0 V to -10.05 V after the first inverting op-amp, and 0 V to +10.05 V after the second inverting op-amp. All lows produce 0 V out, FF produces 10 V out. The output can be scaled by changing the feedback resistors on the op-amps. For example, changing 5.11 kΩ to 2.5 kΩ will produce an output from 0 V to -5 V. Op-amps with a very low input offset voltage are recommended. HC374 649 kW 22 pF 22 pF 5.
D–6 Sample Circuits RabbitCore RCM2100 Series
External Interrupts E Appendix E provides information about using the RabbitCore RCM2100 external interrupts. The Rabbit 2000 microprocessor has four external interrupt inputs on Parallel Port E, which is accessed through pins PE0–PE7 on header J2. Table E–1 lists the general-purpose Parallel Port E I/O pins that can be used for external interrupts. As shown in Table E–1, the default use for PE0 and PE1 is with high-power outputs HV0 and HV1.
E.1 Use of External Interrupts Figure E–2 shows a block diagram of how the Rabbit 2000 external interrupt logic is used in general. INT1A INT1B 29 Interrupt Request #1 23 Edge Detectors INT0A INT0B 30 Interrupt Request #0 24 Figure E–2: Rabbit 2000 External Interrupt Logic Interrupts on the Rabbit 2000 can take place at three priority levels from low to high priority, and are numbered 1, 2 and 3.
E.2 Single-Interrupt Request Remove R26 and tie the inputs for external interrupt #1 and #0 together by adding a 1 kΩ resistor at R59. Figure E–4 shows the locations of the resistors.
E.3 OR’ed Interrupt Request Remove R22 and R26, and tie the inputs for external interrupt #1 and #0 together by adding a 1 kΩ resistor at R58 and R59. Figure E–4 shows the locations of the resistors. This configuration is shown in Figure E–6. OR'ed Interrupt Request INT1A Interrupt Request #1 INT1B R59 1 kW OR'ed Interrupt Request INT0A R58 INT0B Edge Detectors Interrupt Request #0 1 kW Figure E–6: RabbitCore RCM2100 Configuration E.
Index A additional information .......... 1-3 B backup-battery circuit ........ 2-10 external battery connections ............... 2-10 battery life .......................... 2-10 battery-backup circuit ........ 2-11 reset generator ................ 2-11 VRAM switch ................ 2-11 bus loading .......................... A-4 C clock doubler ...................... 2-10 conformal coating ............... A-8 D Development Kit .................. 1-2 digital I/O .............................
power supplies .....................B-1 chip select circuit ............. B-1 Program Mode ....................2-12 switching modes .............2-12 programming cable .............. C-1 DIAG connector .............. C-2 pinout ............................... C-2 programming port .................2-8 pinout ............................... C-2 used as diagnostic port ....C-2 R Rabbit subsystems ................2-1 references .............................1-3 Run Mode ...........................
Schematics The following schematics are included for user reference: 090–0114 RabbitCore RCM2100 090–0116 RCM2100 Prototyping Board 090–0085 Programming Cable User’s Manual Schematics 1
REVISION HISTORY REV ECO DESCRIPTION OF CHANGE REVISION APPROVAL PROJECT APPROVAL DOCUMENT APPROVAL DATE ENGINEER DATE CONTROL SRAM SRAM select FLASH 1 FLASH 1 select FLASH 2 FLASH 2 select ETHERNET OPTION PORTS D-E OPTION INTERRUPT/JUMPER OPTIONS APPEND THE FOLLOWING DOCUMENTS WHEN CHANGING THIS DOCUMENT: DRAWING CONTENT: 2900 SPAFFORD ST.
C NONE
REVISION APPROVAL REVISION HISTORY REV APPEND THE FOLLOWING DOCUMENTS WHEN CHANGING THIS DOCUMENT: PROJECT ENGINEER DESCRIPTION ECO APPROVAL DATE DOCUMENT CONTROL APPROVAL DATE DRAWING CONTENT: 2900 SPAFFORD ST.
B NONE
REVISION APPROVAL REVISION HISTORY REV APPEND THE FOLLOWING DOCUMENTS WHEN CHANGING THIS DOCUMENT: PROJECT ENGINEER DESCRIPTION ECO APPROVAL DATE DOCUMENT CONTROL APPROVAL DATE DRAWING CONTENT: ZWORLD 2900 SPAFFORD ST.
