ISO 9001:2008 Certified Installation and Operation Manual Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver Quasonix, Inc. 6025 Schumacher Park Dr. West Chester, OH 45069 06 November 2014 Revision 2.1.2 No part of the document may be circulated, quoted, or reproduced for distribution without prior written approval from Quasonix, Inc. Copyright Quasonix, Inc., All Rights Reserved.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver Table of Contents 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Description................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Nomenclature ..............................................................................................................................
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver 13.5 Know Your Transmitter .............................................................................................................. 44 14 Appendix E – Factory Reset Values ................................................................................................ 45 15 Appendix F – Acronym List ..............................................................................................................
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver Table 10: Optional 37-Pin Assignments...................................................................................................... 37 Table 11: QPSK Factory Reset Values....................................................................................................... 45 Table 12: PCM/FM Factory Reset Values .................................................................................................. 46 Table 13: SOQPSK Factory Reset Values ..............
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver 1 Introduction 1.1 Description This document describes the installation and operation of the Quasonix Compact RDMS™ Telemetry Receiver.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver 1.2.1 Options The available options include: 14 14 SAW filter option (Adds 70 kHz, 1.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver 1.2.2.2 Eight-way Clock and Data Multiplexer – 8F Normally, the three clock and data streams available on the MDM-37 are Clock and Data A (the primary), Clock and Data B (the secondary for asynchronous PSK modulations), and Clock and Data C (what would normally be the primary for the combiner channel in a rack mount configuration). The 8F option allows the user to designate what information comes out on these pins by way of an eight-way multiplexer (MUX).
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver The receiver has two independent decoders, one for in-phase (“I”) data and one for quadrature (“Q”) data. For BPSK, only a single decoder is used. Each decoder is compatible with the convolutional encoding described in the “Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems, Recommendation for Space Data System Standards, TM Synchronization and Channel Coding, CCSDS 131.0-B-1, Blue Book, September 2003, Section 3.” 1.2.2.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver 1.2.3 Band Configurations Band configuration codes are listed in Error! Reference source not found.. Two additional band codes are described in section 1.2.3.1. Table 2: Band Configuration Codes 200.0 1415.0 Extended 400.0 Base P 1150.0 1435.5 Extended Base 1585.0 1534.5 Lower L Extended 1650.0 1750.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver 1.2.3.1 Additional Band Codes Two additional band codes are available: Band Code 7: 70 MHz standard range, 0.5 MHz-20 MHz, 70 MHz extended range Band Code T: 2025.0 MHz to 2110.0 MHz standard range 1 Quasonix, Inc.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver 2 Specifications Characteristic Specification Receiver Section Type Dual-conversion superheterodyne Input RF Frequency Refer to Table 2 Tuning resolution Tunes in 62.5 kHz increments, to the 70 MHz IF output, after the 70 MHz IF output, receiver tunes in increments of less than 1 Hz Frequency stability 1 ppm over temperature 1 ppm per year aging Reference oscillator 20 MHz Noise figure 3.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver Demodulator Section ARTM Tier 0 (PCM/FM), ARTM Tier I (SOQPSK-TG), ARTM Tier II (Multih CPM) Demodulator type Legacy suite: Analog FM, BPSK, QPSK, Offset QPSK (OQPSK), Asymmetric QPSK (AQPSK), Unbalanced QPSK (UQPSK), Asymmetric Unbalanced QPSK (AUQPSK), Digital PM Bit Rates Tier 0: 24 kbps to 23 Mbps in 1 bps steps Tier I: 100 kbps to 46 Mbps in 1 bps steps Tier II: 1 Mbps to 46 Mbps in 1 bps steps Legacy: 25 kbps to 20 Mbps in Analog FM, 50 kbps to 10 Mbps in BP
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver 3 Installation Instructions 3.1 Mechanical The Compact RDMS™ is designed to be mounted by eight (8) 6-32 screws through the holes along the front and back edges, as depicted in Figure 2 on the following page. 4 Quasonix, Inc.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver Figure 2: RDMS™ in 4.00” x 3.00” x 1.00” Compact Housing 5 Quasonix, Inc.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver 3.2 Thermal It is important that the RDMS™ be kept within its specified operating range of -40°C to +70°C. At maximum bit rates, the unit dissipates approximately 20 watts. At normal ambient room temperatures, a small fan blowing across the top cover is adequate. Higher ambient temperatures will require more airflow and/or a finned heat sink on the cover. 3.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver Position Signal Description 8 RS 232 Tx Output RS-232 responses to host controller 9 +28 VDC Primary 28 VDC power to module 10 Ground Secondary power return, 2 amps maximum; Internally tied to pins 2, 3, and 6 11 Power ON Power on reset pin; Temporarily grounding this pin is equivalent to power cycling the module 12 Clock Return Ground for LVTTL outputs, Clock- for RS 422 outputs 13 Data Return Ground for LVTTL outputs, Data- for RS 422 outputs 14 One
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver The 70 MHz IF output on the second SMA connector, labeled “IF OUT”, is provided for troubleshooting purposes. The IF is resistively coupled from the input of the demodulator. Therefore, the signal level on the IF output should be within 2 dB of the demodulator’s input. The IF output must have a 50-ohm load at all times. Therefore, if it is not connected to external test equipment, then the 50-ohm terminator that comes installed on the port must remain attached.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver 4 Operating Instructions 4.1 Power-on Operation When the receiver is powered up, the integral demodulator defaults to a particular modulation mode, which is based on the configuration of the unit. The modulation mode priority is outlined in Table 4. Table 4: Default Modulation Start Up Startup Order 4.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver Parameter Name Frequency Description This is the desired frequency of the receiver in MHz. Default Value 1450.5 MHz, 1800.5 MHz, or 2370.5 MHz for Lower-L band, Upper-L band, or S band, respectively 1450.5 MHz for tri band 4675.0 MHz for C band Modulation This is the modulation method used.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver For setup and configuration via a standard Windows-based PC, Quasonix recommends the application called Terminal, a flexible, full-featured control interface that is included in the RDMS Product CD. Otherwise, one can use HyperTerminal, included with the standard Windows installation (Start -> All Programs -> Accessories -> Communications -> HyperTerminal). When power is applied to the receiver, the welcome message, shown in Figure 5, displays. Initializing...
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver 4.3.1 Tier 0 (PCM/FM), Tier I (SOQPSK-TG), and Tier II (Multi-h CPM) Commands The following table describes all receiver user commands. Listed are the command code, name, description of the command, whether specific options must be ordered or the command is standard on all receivers, basic or advanced command, and whether the command is restricted to specific waveform modes.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver Mnemonic AV Name Manual Attenuator Control Description Report or set the value of the input attenuator Option (s) Required Basic or Advanced Command Mode Restriction Standard Basic None Valid range is 0 to 124 dB Examples: AV Report the input attenuator setting AV 0 Set input attenuator to 0 dB AV 124 Set input attenuator to 124 dB BE Bit Error Rate For Bit Error Rate commands and information, refer to Appendix A, Bit Error Rate Testing.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver Mnemonic CP Name Clock Polarity Description Report or set clock polarity inversion state Option (s) Required Basic or Advanced Command Standard Basic For Asynch PSK (legacy) modes, CP A and CP B must be specified separately Standard Basic SOQPSK Standard Basic For Asynch PSK (legacy) modes, DP A and DP B must be specified separately Standard Advanced Command None Examples: CP Report the clock source state DE Differential Decoder Enable CP 0 OFF Set
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver Mnemonic FR Name Frequency Description Option (s) Required Basic or Advanced Command Mode Restriction Standard Basic None Report or set the current IF filter in the receiver Standard Basic None FS Display the current IF filter -14 option permits 7 additional filters Standard Basic None Standard Basic None Report or set receiver center frequency Examples: FR Report the frequency setting FR 2200.5 Set modulation to 2200.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver Mnemonic LD Name Description LDPC Decode Enable Enable, disable, or show the current state of the Forward Error Correction (FEC) / Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) decoder Option (s) Required LD Basic or Advanced Command Advanced Command Mode Restriction PSK (legacy) Select mode 7 (OQPSK) Examples: LD Show the current decoder state LD 1 Enable the LDPC decoder LD 0 Disable the LDPC decoder LP Lock Output Polarity Report or set the active level of the lock indicat
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver Mnemonic MI Name Modulation Index Description Report or Set Modulation Index Tracking or Acquire Examples MI Report Mod Index Track Status MI O Disable Mod Index Tracking (Set to h=0.7) MI A Acquire mode enable MI A D Sets the maximum delta h (indicates a change in h defaults to 0.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver Mnemonic MO Name Modulation Description Report or set modulation setting Option (s) Required Basic or Advanced Command Mode Restriction Standard Basic Limited to modes installed Standard Advanced Command PCM/FM and PSK (legacy) Examples: MO Report the modulation setting MO 0 Set modulation to PCM/FM MO 1 Set modulation to SOQPSK-TG MO 2 Set modulation to Multi-h CPM MO 3 Set modulation to BPSK MO 4 Set modulation to QPSK MO 5 Set modulation to AQPSK MO 6 Set
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver Mnemonic OC Name Output Control Description Report or set the channel source values Option (s) Required Basic or Advanced Command Mode Restriction 8F and -37 Basic None Standard Advanced Command None Standard Basic None Examples: OC Show current OC settings OC D Set the default outputs OC c s Set the channel and clock source For detailed syntax information, refer to Appendix C OM Output Muting Report or set the operation of clock and data output muting;
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver Mnemonic PL Name Input Power Level Description Reports or sets the current input power level setting Option (s) Required Basic or Advanced Command Mode Restriction Standard Advanced Command None Standard Basic PCM/FM Standard Advanced Command None Standard Basic None Examples: PL Report the current input power level information tracking state PL 0 Set the current power level information tracking display to OFF PL 1 Set the current power level informati
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver Mnemonic RN Name Derandomizer State Description Report or set the derandomizer state Option (s) Required Basic or Advanced Command Mode Restriction Standard Basic None Examples: RN Report the derandomizer state RN 0 Set the derandomizer OFF RN 1 Set the derandomizer ON SN Show Serial Number Report the serial number for the unit Standard Basic None SV Save Parameters Saves the current parameters in non-volatile memory, including frequency, modulation, bi
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver Mnemonic SY Name System Status Tracking Description Displays the system status of the receiver Option (s) Required Basic or Advanced Command Mode Restriction Standard Advanced Command Available for all EXCEPT PSK (legacy) 37 Advanced Command PCM/FM The first argument specifies the period, in milliseconds, between status updates. Zero (0) disables continuous monitoring. The second argument specifies the number of status lines between header output.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver Mnemonic TO F Name Tape Output Frequency Description Sets the carrier frequency of the pre-detection complex Tape Output Option (s) Required Basic or Advanced Command Mode Restriction 37 Advanced Command PCM/FM 37 Advanced Command PCM/FM Standard Basic None Examples: TO F 0 Sets the Tape Output Frequency to Off (carrier frequency = 0 MHz) TO F 1 Sets the Tape Output Frequency to a specific frequency number Value range is 0.000 to 20.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver Mnemonic *VF Name Description Viterbi Forget Factor Report or set the Viterbi forget factor, on a scale from 0.01 – 0.99 Option (s) Required Basic or Advanced Command Mode Restriction Standard Advanced Command PCM/FM Standard Advanced Command None Standard Advanced Command None Examples: VF Report the Viterbi forget factor VF 0.04 Set the Viterbi forget factor to 0.04 VF 0.62 Set the Viterbi forget factor to 0.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver 5 Performance Specifications 5.1 DC Input The Compact RDMS™ operates from a nominal 28 VDC, +/- 4 VDC with a current consumption of no more than 25 Watts. 5.2 RF Frequency Error By default, the Compact RDMS™ is capable of acquiring a signal with a frequency error of up to ±100 kHz. 5.3 Bit Error Rate The RDMS™ meets the following BER limits, when tested with a signal source, which complies with IRIG 106-05.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver 1.E+00 1.E-01 1.E-02 1.E-03 1.E-04 1.E-05 Tier 0, QSX-DMS-111 1.E-06 Tier I, QSX-DMS-111 1.E-07 Tier II, QSX-DMS-111 1.E-08 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Eb/N0 (dB) 10 11 12 13 14 Figure 6: BER Performance for Tier 0, I, and II 5.4 Synchronization The Compact RDMS™ offers very fast, reliable acquisition, even at very low signal to noise ratio. Synchronization time is a function of modulation type and IF frequency error.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver Figure 7: Synchronization Time at Various Signal-to-Noise Ratios 22 Quasonix, Inc.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver 5.4.1 RF Input The Compact RDMS™ is available in frequency bands shown in Table 8. Two additional band codes are described in section 5.4.1.1. The input impedance is 50 ohms. Table 8: Band Configuration Codes 200.0 1415.0 Extended 400.0 Base P 1150.0 1435.5 Extended Base 1585.0 1534.5 Lower L Extended 1650.0 1750.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver 5.4.1.1 Additional Band Codes Two additional band codes are available: Band Code 7: 70 MHz standard range, 0.5 MHz-20 MHz, 70 MHz extended range Band Code T: 2025.0 MHz to 2110.0 MHz standard range 24 Quasonix, Inc.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver 6 IF Module The receiver’s integrated IF filter module, shown in Figure 8, includes eight (8) SAW filters, ranging in bandwidth from 250 kHz to 40 MHz in approximately one octave steps. The standard eight filters are 250 kHz, 500 kHz, 1 MHz, 2 MHz, 4.5 MHz, 10 MHz, 20 MHz, and 40 MHz. These filters serve as anti-aliasing filters ahead of the A/D converter in the demodulator itself. In addition, they can provide an added measure of adjacent channel interference rejection.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver Figure 9: 70 MHz IF Module in 2” x 3” Chassis SAW Filter Responses, Narrow Group (10 MHz Span) 26 Quasonix, Inc.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver Figure 10: SAW Filter Responses, Wide Group (Plotted on 100 MHz Span) 27 Quasonix, Inc.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver Figure 11: Optional SAW Filter Responses for 70 kHz to 6 MHz 28 Quasonix, Inc.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver Figure 12: Optional SAW Filter Responses for 14 MHz and 28 MHz 29 Quasonix, Inc.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver 7 Maintenance Instructions The Compact RDMS™ requires no regular maintenance, and there are no user-serviceable parts inside. Please consult the factory for any maintenance, upgrade, or repair requirements. 30 Quasonix, Inc.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver 8 Product Warranty The Compact RDMS™ carries a standard parts and labor warranty of one (1) year from the date of delivery. 31 Quasonix, Inc.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver 9 Technical Support and RMA Requests In the event of a product issue, customers should contact Quasonix via phone (1-513-942-1287) or e-mail (support@quasonix.com) to seek technical support. If Quasonix determines that the product issue must be addressed at the factory, a returned materials authorization (RMA) number will be provided for return shipment. Authorized return shipments must be addressed in the following manner: Quasonix, Inc.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver 10 Appendix A – Bit Error Rate Testing There is a separate BERT for each data path in the receiver (0 main channel, 1 combiner channel). By default all commands are targeted to the current “tracking channel” (TC command), 0 or 1. If the tracking channel is set to 2 (tracking both channels), then the channel must be explicitly specified. The results of the test can be displayed using the BE command with no parameters or a continuous display can be produced using BE D 1.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver Mnemonic BE [c] T n Name Set Bit Error Measurement Type Description Sets bit error measurement type The test type can be configured to run continuously or stop when either a time limit, bit count, or error count has been reached. The error count limit guarantees a minimum number of errors.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver Mnemonic BE [c] M Name Measurement Enable Description Starts or stops bit error measurement (toggle command) If a time limit, bit count, or error count limit is set and the limit has been reached (enabled but not running) the BERT is restarted.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver The BERT can be enabled, but not running, in the case of a time, bit, or error count limit. An asterisk '*' after the error rate column indicates that the data is inverted. If the display is continuous and a time, bit, or error limit is set with repeating gating, the display shows the end of the test by displaying '>>>' in the first three columns. The following shows an example display with a five (5) second repeating test.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver 11 Appendix B – Pinouts for Optional 37 Pin Connector The optional 37-pin connector provides three sets of clock and data, two high-speed analog outputs, and one lowspeed analog output. Pin numbering for the optional connector is shown in Figure 13. Pin assignments are listed in Table 10.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver Position Signal Description 20 DAC Ground Analog output (GND) 21 DNC Factory use only – Do Not Connect 22 Data C - Clock and Data pairs 23 DNC Factory use only – Do Not Connect 24 DNC Factory use only – Do Not Connect 25 SDI Signal Degradation Indication (RF Networks 2241) 26 +28 VDC In System power 27 Ground System power 28 Power on Reset 29 Clock A - Clock and Data pairs 30 Data A - Clock and Data pairs 31 Ones Detect LVTTL Indicator
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver 12 Appendix C – Detailed Output Control (OC) Command Settings The Output Control command, as described in Table 6, is used to report or set the channel source values. Note: The state settings use the alpha O, not a number zero (0). Mnemonic Name Description OC ? Help Message Displays abbreviated list of available commands OC Current Settings (This is an example - current settings will vary.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver Mnemonic OC c s Name Set Channel and Source Description where c is channel: O_0, O_1, O_2, O_3, O_4, O_5, O_6, O_7 where s is source: CLK_I0, DATA_I0, CLK_Q0, DATA_Q0, CLK_I1, DATA_I1, CLK_Q1, DATA_Q1, CLK_T, DATA_T, OFF When the outputs return the value above, this says the outputs are routed to the default settings. If anything is changes, an asterisk (*) appears before the changed parameter.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver 13 Appendix D – Phase Noise Compensation 13.1 Trellis Demodulation Basics Legacy Single-Symbol Detection: Uses basic Limiter-Discriminator operation Frequency in this bit above nominal → data = 1 Frequency in this bit below nominal → data = 0 Makes no use of adjacent symbols for error correction Trellis Detection: Uses the phase tree for data detection Uses adjacent symbols to help decide on “iffy” bits Improves BER performance by 3.5 to 5.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver Figure 15: Phase Trajectory Never Forgets 13.1.1 Trellis Demodulation Summary The basic premise of trellis demodulation is that the signal from the transmitter follows a known path through the phase tree. When the demodulator knows this, it can use a sequence of several symbols to help make better decisions about each individual bit. This process improves BER performance by about 3.5 to 5 dB over conventional FM detection.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver Figure 17: Trellis Detection Gain with Significant to Severe Phase Noise 13.2 Phase Noise Impact Trellis demodulation is based on the assumption that the signal is following a predictable path through the trellis. If this is not true (due to high phase noise), then a trellis demodulator cannot provide the expected performance gain. Many legacy analog transmitters (a simple modulated VCO) have high phase noise. Vibration often further increases phase noise.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver Figure 18: "Clean" Eye Pattern 13.5 Know Your Transmitter If you know the brand and type of transmitter, these tips can help determine when to use PNC.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver 14 Appendix E – Factory Reset Values When a reset command is activated, the frequency defaults to the lowest valid frequency for the lowest authorized band on the unit. The reset priority is: 1. QPSK 2. PCM/FM 3. SOQPSK 4. Multi-h CPM Reset values for each mode are listed in the following tables.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver Table 12: PCM/FM Factory Reset Values Parameter Bit Rate 1 Modulation Scaling Tracking Clock Polarity Normal Data Polarity Normal Derandomizer Disabled Differential Decoder N/A IF Filter Auto Downconvert Antenna Disabled AGC Enabled Convolutional Decoder Disabled Lock Output Polarity 46 Reset State Active High NRZ Encoding NRZ-L Output Control Default Output Muting Disabled Phase Noise Compensation Disabled Tape Output Disabled Quasonix,
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver Table 13: SOQPSK Factory Reset Values Parameter Bit Rate Modulation Scaling 1 N/A Clock Polarity Normal Data Polarity Normal Derandomizer Disabled Differential Decoder Enabled IF Filter Auto Downconvert Antenna Disabled AGC Enabled Convolutional Decoder Lock Output Polarity 47 Reset State N/A Active High NRZ Encoding N/A Output Control Default Output Muting Disabled Phase Noise Compensation Disabled Tape Output Disabled Quasonix, Inc.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver Table 14: Multi-h CPM Factory Reset Values Parameter Bit Rate Modulation Scaling 1 N/A Clock Polarity Normal Data Polarity Normal Derandomizer Disabled Differential Decoder N/A IF Filter Auto Downconvert Antenna Disabled AGC Enabled Convolutional Decoder Lock Output Polarity 48 Reset State N/A Active High NRZ Encoding N/A Output Control Default Output Muting Disabled Phase Noise Compensation Disabled Tape Output Disabled Quasonix, Inc.
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver 15 Appendix F – Acronym List Acronym 49 Description AGC Automatic Gain Control AM Amplitude Modulation AQPSK Variant of Quadrature Phase Shift Keying ARTM Advanced Range Telemetry AUQPSK Variant of Quadrature Phase Shift Keying BER Bit Error Rate BNC Bayonet Neill-Concelman Connector (RF Connector) BPSK Binary Phase Shift Keying CD Compact Disk CPM Continuous Phase Modulation DB-9 D-subminiature 9 pin Serial Connector DC Diversity Combiner DHCP
Compact RDMSTM Telemetry Receiver Acronym 50 Description PSK Phase Shift Keying QPSK Offset Quadrature Phase Shift Keying RDMS Receiver DeModulator Synchronizer RF Radio Frequency RJ-45 Ethernet Connection Jack RM Rack Mount RRC Remote RDMS Client RS-232 Recommended Standard 232 (Serial Communications) SAW Surface Acoustic Wave SDI System Degradation Indication SOQPSK Shaped Offset Quadrature Phase Shift Keying SOQPSK-TG Shaped Offset Quadrature Phase Shift Keying –Telemetry Group
