9.3

• Italics: Apply italic glyphs.
• Fractions: Apply slashed fraction glyphs.
• Swashes: Apply calligraphic glyphs.
• Ordinals: Apply ordinal number glyphs.
• Titling Alternates: Apply capital letter glyphs designed for titles at larger point sizes.
• Contextual Alternates: Apply alternate glyph variations based on contextual juxtapositions
of text.
• Localized Forms: Replace default forms of glyphs with localized forms.
• Position: Apply superscript, subscript, scientific inferior, numerator, and denominator
glyphs to selected text.
Using ligatures
There are two methods for using ligatures: The legacy method or the OpenType method.
The legacy method supports standard ligatures such as fi and fl in PostScript fonts. The
OpenType method allows access to both standard ligatures and discretionary ligatures in
OpenType fonts. Both methods are applied as character attributes, meaning that you can
apply them to any selected text.
• To apply ligatures to selected text using the legacy method, check Enable Ligatures on
the Character tab of the Measurements palette (Window menu) or check Ligatures in
the Character Attributes dialog box (Style > Character).
• To apply ligatures to selected text using the OpenType method, select text that uses an
OpenType and then choose Standard Ligatures from the OpenType menu on the Classic
or Character tab of the Measurements palette (Window menu). This will apply ligatures
such as fi, fl, ff, ffi, ffl, fj, ffj, and th — if they are built into the font. In addition, you can
choose Discretionary Ligatures to apply rare ligatures such as ct, sp, st, and fh. If either
ligature option displays in brackets, the OpenType font in use does not support those
ligature features. You can also check Standard Ligatures and Discretionary Ligatures in
the OpenType area of the Character Attributes dialog box.
Ligature preferences
You can set preferences for ligatures in the Character pane of the Preferences dialog box
(QuarkXPress/Edit > Preferences > Print Layout > Character):
• Break Above: The value in the field specifies a tracking or kerning value above which
ligatures will break apart. At the default value of 1, if you track text +1 (1/200th of an em
space), the ligatures revert to standard letters.
• Not "ffi" or "ffl": Check this box to prevent fi and fl ligatures in words such as "office" or
"waffle" when ffi and ffl ligatures do not exist in the current font.
146 | A GUIDE TO QUARKXPRESS 9.3
TEXT AND TYPOGRAPHY