10.1

Controlling widow and orphan lines
Widows and orphans are two kinds of typographically undesirable lines. Traditionally, a
widow is defined as the last line of a paragraph that falls at the top of a column. An orphan
is the first line of a paragraph that falls at the bottom of a column.
Using the Keep Lines Together feature, you can choose not to break paragraphs, so that
if all the lines in a paragraph do not fit in a column or on a page, the whole paragraph
will flow to the top of the next column or page. Alternatively, you can specify the number
of lines that must be left at the bottom of a column or box, and at the top of the following
column or box, when a paragraph is broken. Using the Keep with Next ¶ feature, you can
keep a paragraph together with the paragraph that follows it. This lets you keep a subhead
together with the paragraph that follows it, or keep other lines of text that logically go
together from being separated.
It is common to specify Keep with Next ¶ for headline and subhead style sheets and
specify Keep Lines Together (usually with Start and End parameters) for body text style
sheets.
To turn the Keep Lines Together and Keep with Next ¶ features on or off for selected
paragraphs:
• (Windows only): Choose Style > Formats to display the Formats tab of the Paragraph
Attributes dialog box, then check or uncheck Keep Lines Together and Keep with Next
¶
• (Mac OS X only):Use the Paragraph tab of the Measurements palette.
Working with non-breaking character sets
Non-breaking characters are characters that cannot begin or end a line, and also which
cannot be separated from each other at line breaks. The Non-Breaking Character Set
dialog box (Edit > NonBreaking Character Sets) includes default non-breaking character
sets for Japanese Strong, Japanese Weak, Korean Standard, Simplified Chinese Standard
and Traditional Chinese Standard.
To create custom non-breaking character sets:
1
Choose Edit > Non-Breaking Character Sets. The Non-Breaking Character Sets dialog
box displays.
2
Click New.
3
Enter a name in the Name field.
4
Enter characters in the Enter characters that cannot begin a line field, the Enter
characters that cannot end a line field, and the Enter non-separable characters field.
5
Click OK.
6
Click Save.
A GUIDE TO QUARKXPRESS 10.1 | 117
TEXT AND TYPOGRAPHY