9.2

of the character and is a percentage of font size. The Superscript HScale value determines
width and is a percentage of the normal character width (as specified by the font designer).
The default value for both scales is 60% (range = 0 to 100%, measurement system =
percentage, smallest increment = .1).
Use the Subscript fields to control the placement and scale (size) of subscript characters.
The Subscript Offset value determines how far above the baseline the application places
a subscript character. The Subscript Offset value is measured as a percentage of font size.
The default value is 33%. The Subscript VScale value determines the vertical size of the
character and is a percentage of font size. The Subscript HScale value determines width
and is a percentage of the normal character width (as specified by the font designer). The
default value for both scales is 100% (range = 0 to 100%, measurement system = percentage,
smallest increment = .1).
Use the Small Caps fields to control the scale of characters with the Small Caps type style
applied to them. The Small Caps VScale value determines the vertical size of the character
and is measured as a percentage of font size. The Small Caps HScale value determines
width and is measured as a percentage of the normal character width (as specified by the
font designer). The default value for both scales is 75% (range = 0 to 100%, measurement
system = percentage, smallest increment = .1).
Use the Superior fields to control the scale of superior characters. The Superior VScale
value determines the vertical size of the character and is measured as a percentage of font
size. The Superior HScale value determines width and is measured as a percentage of the
normal character width (as specified by the font designer). The default value for both scales
is 60% (range = 0 to 100%, measurement system = percentage, smallest increment = .1).
Use the Ligatures Break Above field to use ligatures built into a font. A ligature is a
typographic convention in which certain characters are combined into a single glyph.
Most fonts contain ligatures for the characters "f" followed by "i" and "f" followed by "l".
The Ligatures Break Above field enables you to specify the kerning or tracking value
(measured in 1/200 em space increments) above which characters will not be combined
into ligatures. For example, a headline with a large tracking value would probably not
contain ligatures. The default value is 1 (range = 0 to 10, measurement system = .005
[1/200] em space, smallest increment = .001). To prevent the second two letters in "ffi"
and "ffl" (as in office and waffle) from being combined into ligatures, check Not "ffi" or
"ffl". Three-character ligatures for these combinations, common in traditional typesetting
systems, are not standardized in fonts designed for Mac OS, so some typographers prefer
to keep all three letters separate rather than combine only two of them. Note that many
PostScript fonts do not have "ffi" and "ffl" ligatures, but most OpenType fonts do. This
option is unchecked by default.
Check Auto Kern to specify that the application should use kerning tables, which are built
into most fonts, to control intercharacter spacing. The Auto Kern Above field enables you
to specify the point size above which automatic kerning must be used. The Auto Kern
Above feature also implements custom tracking information specified in the Tracking
Values dialog box for a selected font (Utilities > Edit Tracking) in QuarkXPress. This
option is checked by default, with a 4-point threshold (range = 0 to 72 pt, measurement
system = various [", pt, cm, etc.], smallest increment = .001).
A GUIDE TO QUARKXPRESS SERVER 9.2 | 25
THE QUARKXPRESS SERVER USER INTERFACE