9.0

Use the Small Caps fields to control the scale of characters with the Small Caps type style
applied to them. The Small Caps VScale value determines the vertical size of the character
and is measured as a percentage of font size. The Small Caps HScale value determines
width and is measured as a percentage of the normal character width (as specified by the
font designer). The default value for both scales is 75% (range = 0 to 100%, measurement
system = percentage, smallest increment = .1).
Use the Superior fields to control the scale of superior characters. The Superior VScale
value determines the vertical size of the character and is measured as a percentage of font
size. The Superior HScale value determines width and is measured as a percentage of the
normal character width (as specified by the font designer). The default value for both scales
is 60% (range = 0 to 100%, measurement system = percentage, smallest increment = .1).
Use the Ligatures Break Above field to use ligatures built into a font. A ligature is a
typographic convention in which certain characters are combined into a single glyph.
Most fonts contain ligatures for the characters "f" followed by "i" and "f" followed by "l".
The Ligatures Break Above field enables you to specify the kerning or tracking value
(measured in 1/200 em space increments) above which characters will not be combined
into ligatures. For example, a headline with a large tracking value would probably not
contain ligatures. The default value is 1 (range = 0 to 10, measurement system = .005
[1/200] em space, smallest increment = .001). To prevent the second two letters in "ffi"
and "ffl" (as in office and waffle) from being combined into ligatures, check Not "ffi" or
"ffl". Three-character ligatures for these combinations, common in traditional typesetting
systems, are not standardized in fonts designed for Mac OS, so some typographers prefer
to keep all three letters separate rather than combine only two of them. Note that many
PostScript fonts do not have "ffi" and "ffl" ligatures, but most OpenType fonts do. This
option is unchecked by default.
Check Auto Kern to specify that the application should use kerning tables, which are built
into most fonts, to control intercharacter spacing. The Auto Kern Above field enables you
to specify the point size above which automatic kerning must be used. The Auto Kern
Above feature also implements custom tracking information specified in the Tracking
Values dialog box for a selected font (Utilities > Edit Tracking) in QuarkXPress. This
option is checked by default, with a 4-point threshold (range = 0 to 72 pt, measurement
system = various [", pt, cm, etc.], smallest increment = .001).
Check Standard Em Space to specify an em-space equivalent to the point size of the text
(for example, 24pt text has a 24pt em space). If Standard Em Space is unchecked, the
application uses the width of the two zeros in the current font as the em-space width. This
option is checked by default. You can insert an em space in text by pressing
Option+space/Ctrl+Shift+6.
Use the Flex Space Width field to change the 50% default width of a flexible space. To
create a breaking flexible space, press Option+Shift+space/Ctrl+Shift+5; to create a
nonbreaking flexible space, press Command+Option+Shift+space/Ctrl+Alt+Shift+5. The
Flex Space Width value is expressed as a percentage of the normal en space for a given
font and font size (range = 0 to 400%, measurement system = percentage, smallest
increment = .1).
A GUIDE TO QUARKXPRESS SERVER 9.0 | 25
THE QUARKXPRESS SERVER USER INTERFACE