WIDEBAND RADIO HEAD WRH WIDEBAND RADIO HEAD I N S TA L L AT I O N A N D S E R V I C E M A N U A L HIGH POWER VERSION 044-05251 Rev B January 2008
© 2007 Powerwave Technologies Incorporated. All rights reserved. Powerwave Technologies and the Powerwave logo are registered trademarks. Powerwave Technologies Inc. reserves the right to make changes to documentation and equipment, including but not limited to component substitution and circuitry changes. Changes that impact this document may be subsequently incorporated in a later revision of this document.
High Power Wideband Radio Head (WRH-V) Warnings, Cautions, and Notes Warnings, Cautions, and Notes Warnings, Cautions, and Notes are found throughout this manual where applicable. The associated icons in warnings and cautions are used to quickly identify a potential condition that could result in the consequences described below if precautions are not taken. Notes clarify and provide additional information to assist the user. WARNING: The warning symbol means danger.
Revision Record High Power Wideband Radio Head (WRH-V) Revision Record ii Revision Letter Date of Change Reason for Change A November 2007 New (original) B January 2008 Added laser safety information to pages 1-2, 3-5, 4-6, 5-2 and 5-3 044-05251 Rev B
Table of Contents Chapter 1 - Product Description Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-1 Scope of Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-1 Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table of Contents High Power Wideband Radio Head (WRH-V) Fiber Optic and RF Connections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-4 WRH-V . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-5 Optional Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-6 Alarms . . . .
High Power Wideband Radio Head (WRH-V) List of Figures List of Figures Figure 1-1 Powerwave Wideband Radio Head (WRH) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-3 Figure 1-2 DIA PCBA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-4 Figure 1-3 CU PCBA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
List of Tables High Power Wideband Radio Head (WRH-V) List of Tables Table 2-1 CU PCBA LED Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-2 Table 2-2 FON LED Indications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-3 Table 2-3 WRH-V Base Unit Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
High Power Wideband Radio Head (WRH-V) Abbreviations Abbreviations The following list of abbreviations are used throughout this manual, the software, and the repeater: AGC Automatic Gain Control ALI Alarm Interface AMPS Advanced Mobile Phone Service BA Booster Amplifier BeO Beryllium Oxide BMU Base Station Master Unit BS Base Station, BS antenna = towards the base station BSA Band Selective Amplifier BSel Band Selective BTS Base Transceiver Station CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
High Power Wideband Radio Head (WRH-V) Abbreviations MSC Mobile Switching Center NEMA National Electrical Manufacturers Association NiCd Nickel Cadmium NMT Nordic Mobile Telephone system NOC Network Operations Center OCM Optical Converter Module OMS Operation and Maintenance System PCN Personal Communication Network (same as DCS) PCS Personal Communication System POI Point of Interconnect PSM Power Supply Module PTFE Polytetrafluoro Ethylene (Teflon) R2R Repeater-to-Repeater RCI
Chapter 1 Product Description Introduction This manual contains information and procedures for installation, operation, and maintenance of a High Power Wideband Radio Head (WRH-V). The manual is organized into chapters as follows: ❑ Chapter 1 - Product Description ❑ Chapter 2 - Controls and Indicators ❑ Chapter 3 - Installation ❑ Chapter 4 - Maintenance ❑ Chapter 5 - Specifications Scope of Manual This manual is intended for use by service technicians familiar with similar types of equipment.
Safety High Power Wideband Radio Head (WRH-V) ❑ The FON unit contains a Class 1M laser transmitter that emits 2—4 mW of invisible laser radiation at 1550 nm during operation and is intended for a restricted location. Avoid direct exposure from a disconnected laser transmitter or fiber cord. For example, do not view directly with optical instruments (magnifiers) and do not view directly with non-attenuating optical instruments. ❑ The FON unit has this warning label attached: ❑ See page 3-5, Fig.
High Power Wideband Radio Head (WRH-V) Overview Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) ESD can severly damage essential parts of the equipment if not handled carefully. Parts on printed circuit board assemblies (PCBA) as well as other parts in the equipment are sensitive to ESD. Never touch the PCBA or uninsulated conductor surfaces unless absolutely necessary. If you must handle the PCBAs or uninsulated conductor surfaces, use ESD protective equipment or first touch the chassis with your hand.
Overview High Power Wideband Radio Head (WRH-V) Chassis Design The WRH-V is housed in a cast aluminium waterproof chassis, class NEMA4 / IP65, approved for outdoor use but is also suited for indoor installations. The chassis consists of a cabinet and a cover attached with hinges. The cabinet contains the WRH-V circuitry. The cover comes as either a low or high version. The high cover can be used as an empty cover or be equipped as a part of the WRH-V or an independent WRH-V unit.
High Power Wideband Radio Head (WRH-V) Overview Control Unit PCBA (CU) Figure 1-3 shows the CU, which is the core microprocessor controller in the WRH-V and is connected to P2 on the DIA. The CU contains a microprocessor, main memory, flash memory for the CU software, EEPROM memory for parameters, memory for the event log and statistics, a REFO reference oscillator, ports for local and remote communication, a battery powered real-time clock, and a MAC identity circuit.
Overview High Power Wideband Radio Head (WRH-V) Fiber Optic Unit (FOU) The FOU is a metal plate mounted on top of the cover plate in the upper part of the WRH. The FON and fiber optic connectors are mounted on the FOU. Figure 1-5 illustrates an FOU with the FON and fiber optic connectors mounted on the plate. It can also be configured with combiners, splitters, and Wave Division Multiplexers (WDMs) to obtain a desired combination of several branches with double or single fiber.
High Power Wideband Radio Head (WRH-V) Overview Sub Unit Locations The MCPA is located at positions 3 and 4 in the cabinet. A WRH-V is equipped for one band in the cabinet and, if required, an additional band in a high cover. PCBA positions are illustrated in Figure 1-6 and a block diagram is located in Appendix A.
Overview High Power Wideband Radio Head (WRH-V) Multi-Operator Configurations Multi-operator systems require the use of Point of Interconnect (POI) units and OCMs as illustrated in Figure 1-8. In this simple example, two operators have two sectors each. Each sector is connected to a POI and then to a RCM. The RCM is interconnected with an OCM via coaxial cables. The combined DL and UL signals are converted to optical signals in the OCM and then distributed to the WRHs-V.
Chapter 2 Controls, Indicators and Connectors Introduction This chapter contains descriptions of the controls, indicators and connectors for the WRH. Front Cover Indicators Amber Red Figure 2-1 External Indicators Two LEDs, shown in Figure 2-1, are located on the front cover to provide easy identification of a fault in the system. The amber operation LED lights up approximately 15 seconds after the main power is switched on. When the LED is steady, the WRH-V is ready for operation.
PCBA Indicators High Power Wideband Radio Head (WRH-V) Figure 2-2 shows the LED indicators located on the ALI or RCI, the CU PCBAs, the 115/220V main power switch (S) in the cabinet, and the voltage indicator (V). These indicators are described in further detail in the following sections. PCBA Indicators This following paragraphs describe the LED indicators on the main PCBAs inside the WRH. CU PCBA Figure 2-3 shows the location of the LEDs on the CU and Table 2-1 lists their indications.
High Power Wideband Radio Head (WRH-V) PCBA Connections FON PCBA The FON is shown in Figure 2-4 and the LED indicators are listed in Table 2-2. P117 Figure 2-4 FON LED Indicators Table 2-2 FON LED Indications LED Description FLI or F2F Green LED. Fiber Line Interface (FLI). Flashing LED indicates the unit is receiving data over the sub carrier. A steady LED indicates the unit has detected an FLI subcarrier, but is not carrying any data OPER Green LED.
PCBA Connections High Power Wideband Radio Head (WRH-V) Table 2-3 WRH-V Base Unit Connections From To Cable Number Non-Diversity Diversity WBA P2401 M FON P101 VE007 06/3 Used Used WBA P3401 D FON P101 700-16639-001 Not Used Used WBA P1101 M FON P102 VE007 20/2 Used Used PSU DIA P21, P35 VE007 98/1 Used Used M FON P108 DIA P29 VE007 66/1 Used Used D FON P108 M FON P116 VE007 66/1 Not Used Used M FON P111 DIA P36 VE008 05/1 Used Used D FON P111 DIA P112 VE008 05/1
High Power Wideband Radio Head (WRH-V) PCBA Connections Pin 6 AIC Ground. Two alarm outputs are 1 pole closing and 1 pole opening relay outputs insolated from each other. Maximum ratings, related to ground or any other alarm terminal, are 50 VAC / 60 VDC. The alarm outputs are defined as follows: Pin 9 and 1 AO1 and AO8 Closed when operating, otherwise open. Pin 10 and 2 AO6 and AO7 Open when operating, otherwise closed. Pin 11 and 3 AO2 and AO5 Closed at alarm state, otherwise open.
PCBA Connections High Power Wideband Radio Head (WRH-V) Figure 2-6 LNA Table 2-6 LNA Connections LNA Port Connected to OUT LOW IN on the LNA/UL in the cover, if equipped IN ATT +7V LO on the service DPX duplex filter P23 on the DIA PCBA OUT1 P2101 on the WBA PCBA OUT2 Diversity LNA connected to P3101 on WBA PCBA FON Figure 2-7 shows the locations of the connectors on the FON and Table 2-7 lists the port numbers, connector types, and port usage.
High Power Wideband Radio Head (WRH-V) PCBA Connections Table 2-7 FON Connectors (Continued) Port Description P110 W-link jumper, used to terminate units in a W-link. It has to be set in the parking state for all units except for the first and last units in a W-link. The Parking state (P) has the jumper between the center and bottom pins.
Software and Hardware Compatibility High Power Wideband Radio Head (WRH-V) Software and Hardware Compatibility There are different versions of CU PCBA software which can be combined with PCBAs of various revisions. These have unique part numbers and revision information. Table 2-8 lists the software currently available in combination with CU PCBA revisions.
Chapter 3 Installation Introduction This chapter contains unpacking, inspection and installation instructions for installing and powering up the WRH. Site Survey Powerwave recommends that a site survey be performed prior to equipment ordering or installation. Performing a detailed site survey reduces or eliminates installation and turn-up delays. Pay particular attention to power plant capacity, cooling needs, floor space, and RF/DC cabling/breaker requirements.
Mounting High Power Wideband Radio Head (WRH-V) A 411 Ø14 90 135 144 205 250 300 Figure 3-1 Mounting Bracket Normally, the WRH-V is mounted on a wall, pole, or mast. Figure 3-2 illustrates the installation of the mounting bracket on a wall using four fixing screws and a locking screw. Figure 3-2 Mounting Bracket Installation on Wall Figure 3-3 illustrates the installation of the mounting bracket on a pole using two 5.7-inch (144mm) U-shaped clamps and a locking screw.
High Power Wideband Radio Head (WRH-V) Mounting Figure 3-3 Attaching the Bracket to a Pole Figure 3-4 illustrates a mast installation using two 11.8-inch (300mm) bar-shaped clamps and no locking screw. Figure 3-4 Attaching the Bracket to a Mast After installing the mounting bracket, hang the WRH-V on the upper supports, as illustrated in Figure 3-5. Tighten the upper and lower mounting screws to secure it into place using the 6mm hex socket wrench.
Connections High Power Wideband Radio Head (WRH-V) key after the lower screws have been tightened. Make sure the donor antenna, directed towards the BTS antenna, and the service antenna, directed towards the area to be covered by the WRH, are mounted and installed properly. Figure 3-5 Attaching the WRH-V to the Bracket Connections This section describes general examples of how to connect the input and output ports on the WRH.
High Power Wideband Radio Head (WRH-V) Connections Table 3-1 Cable Connection Procedure Step Action 1 Connect service antenna coaxial cable to left-outside DIN connection on cabinet 2 Connect fiber optic cable from OCM or BMU to fiber optic cable demark on FOU 3 Connect station ground to appropriate ground point in cabinet 4 Mount main power plug to main power cord and insert into PSU WRH-V Figure 3-6 illustrates the cables and connections for the WRH-V.
Optional Connections High Power Wideband Radio Head (WRH-V) Optional Connections Alarms Alarm signals from external sensors are received by an ALI or RCI which forwards them to the CU. The RCI is used if the WRH-V has an RCU, otherwise the ALI is used. The software on the CU can activate acoustic or visual alarms or direct the alarm to the P33 alarm port for forwarding via an RCU through OM-Online. Alarms can also be handled by the FON. Alarms are configured through OM-Online.
High Power Wideband Radio Head (WRH-V) Commissioning Table 3-2 Main Power Breakdown Relay Connection Step Action 1 Connect a currentless closed relay contact to pin AI1 and AIC on P33 alarm connector, as shown in Figure 3-8. Alarm is initiated when pins AI1 and AIC are shorted 2 Connect relay coil. Coil must be supplied from same fuse as WRH 3 After commissioning, select Mains Breakdown in alarm configuration window in OM-Online. For details on setting alarm configuration see OM-Online User Manual.
Commissioning High Power Wideband Radio Head (WRH-V) A WRH-V can be configured locally with OM-Online by connecting a standard serial cable from the COM port on the PC to the P31 PC port (RS-232) located to the right in the cabinet as shown in Figure 3-9. The P31 PC port is described in Chapter 2. Details on using OM-Online are described in the OM-Online User Manual.
High Power Wideband Radio Head (WRH-V) Commissioning Passive Intermodulation (PIM) Testing PIM is the non-linear effect of passive RF components in a desired RF transmission band. As higher percarrier transmit power levels are applied to duplexed passive RF networks, PIM becomes an increasingly significant factor in potential receiver desensitization.
Commissioning High Power Wideband Radio Head (WRH-V) Where f1 and f2 are two TX signals entering a WRH-V. The specification for the maximum allowed PIM is -115 dBm per 100 kHz resolution bandwidth at rated output power. To test for PIM follow the steps listed in Table 3-4. Table 3-4 PIM Testing Procedure Step 3-10 Action 1 If BTS signals are present, continue with step 2.
Chapter 4 Maintenance Introduction This chapter contains periodic maintenance and performance test procedures for the WRH. Periodic Maintenance Periodic maintenance requirements are listed in Table 4-1, as well as the intervals at which the tasks should be performed. Table 4-1 Recommended Periodic Maintenance Task Interval Action Inspection of cables and connectors 12 months Inspect power, RF and Fiber cables for signs of damage or wear (frayed insulation, cracks, punctures, etc.
Troubleshooting High Power Wideband Radio Head (WRH-V) Table 4-2 Alarm Troubleshooting (Continued) ID Alarm Text Power 2 3 WRH-V restart Mains breakdown Alarm Unit FON CU External Alarm Description Ceasing PSU2 in the cover works properly again. Ceasing is sent if the PSU2 works at start-up, and there is a corresponding critical PSU2 alarm logged in the Events Log.
High Power Wideband Radio Head (WRH-V) Troubleshooting Table 4-2 Alarm Troubleshooting (Continued) ID 12 Alarm Text High temp Alarm Unit CU Alarm Description Warning The CU PCBA temperature is higher than 90°C Ceasing The CU PCBA temperature has fallen below 90°C 13 REFO error Error Significant REFO drift or error detected by CU 14 Ext REFO error Warning Suggested remedy: Check the reference source and the cables 15 CU battery fault Warning CU RAM battery fault.
Troubleshooting High Power Wideband Radio Head (WRH-V) Table 4-2 Alarm Troubleshooting (Continued) ID Alarm Text Alarm Unit Alarm Description 30 No modem found Remote ctrl None No modem found, that is no answer is returned on a poll string to the modem 33 No connection Remote ctrl None No connection at callback. The WRH-V has tried to call as many times as stated in the alarm call settings. No connection was established. Warning No connection at alarm call.
High Power Wideband Radio Head (WRH-V) Troubleshooting Table 4-2 Alarm Troubleshooting (Continued) ID 50 Alarm Text Fiberoptical error Alarm Unit FOT fiber optics Alarm Description Ceasing The cause of the alarm has ceased Configur able If a fiber unit alarm is connected to external alarm 3, then the operator can configure the WRH-V to display this alarm when the fiber optical unit indicates alarm Ceasing The cause of the alarm has ceased 70 Bad table alarm CU Error Requested table conta
Field Replaceable Units High Power Wideband Radio Head (WRH-V) Field Replaceable Units The following units can be replaced in the field on-site by a qualified technician with experience maintaining RF equipment: ❑ FON ❑ PSU ❑ WRH FON To replace a FON PCBA, follow the steps listed in Table 4-3. For details on cables and connectors, see Chapter 2. CAUTION: Do not look into the end of any fiber optic cable.
High Power Wideband Radio Head (WRH-V) Field Replaceable Units PSU To replace a PSU, follow the steps listed in Table 4-4. For details on cables and connectors, see Chapter 2.
Remote Control Unit (RCU) High Power Wideband Radio Head (WRH-V) WRH-V To replace a WRH-V, follow the steps listed in the Table 4-5. WARNING: A fully loaded WRH-V can weigh 96lbs. Lifting of the WRH-V should be done by two people. Do not attempt to carry the WRH-V up a ladder. .
High Power Wideband Radio Head (WRH-V) Return For Service Procedures RCU for Radio Communication The RCU antenna for a radio modem is connected to the BS antenna via the uplink DC, provided the RCU and the WRH-V operate in the same cell system. Otherwise, the modem must have a separate antenna. Data is transferred between the WRH-V and the RCU via the P130 modem port on the RCI or FON.
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Chapter 5 Specifications Introduction This chapter provides specifications for the WRH-V.
Introduction High Power Wideband Radio Head (WRH-V) Table 5-1 WRH-V Specifications (Continued) Downlink, Spurious and Emissions level -13 dBm/1 MHz (FCC) -36 dBm (below 1 GHz, per ETSI EN 300 609-4) -30 dBm (above 1 GHz, per ETSI EN 300 609-4) Downlink power +43 dBm RMS (20 Watts) (for FCC - UMTS) +40 dBm RMS (10 Watts) (for ETSI - GMS/EDGE) Noise figure excluding fiber optic link 4 dB Fiber-Optic Link Budget 10 dBo Receiver input port return loss 14 dB Power supply voltage 115/230 VAC 21-60 VD
High Power Wideband Radio Head (WRH-V) Introduction Table 5-1 WRH-V Specifications (Continued) Wavelength TX: DFB 1310 or 1550 nm RX: 1250 – 1600 nm Transmit Max continuous RF input Optical output power, two levels RF attenuation settable by SW in 1dB steps Max power at 1550 nm +36dBm +3 or 0dBm 0-20dB 3.
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Appendix A Block Diagrams Introduction This appendix describes the main signals paths for the WRH. Non-Diversity Figure A-2 shows the non-diversity block diagram configuration of the WRH-V. The WRH-V is always fed by a BTS via either a BMU or an OCM. The TX signal from the BTS is converted to an optical signal in a BMU or OCM and fed to the WRH-V via a fiber optic cable. The optical signal is then received by the FON and converted to an RF signal.
Diversity High Power Wideband Radio Head (WRH-V) Diversity Figure A-2 illustrates the diversity block diagram configuration of the WRH-V. With diversity installed, there are two paths on the UL instead of one. This requires an additional FON for the added receive path signal. Signal flow is identical to the non-diversity version with the MCPA on the DL and LNAs on the UL providing the additional amplification out of and into the WBA.
