24/48-Port 10/100Mbps + 4G TP/SFP Combo Managed Ethernet Switch WGSW-2840/WGSW-5240 User's Manual
Trademarks Copyright © PLANET Technology Corp. 2005. Contents subject to which revision without prior notice. PLANET is a registered trademark of PLANET Technology Corp. All other trademarks belong to their respective owners.
Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................... 5 1.1 PACKET CONTENTS ............................................................................................................ 5 1.2 HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL ................................................................................................ 5 1.3 PRODUCT FEATURE ...................................................................................
.4.8 Load Default........................................................................................................... 28 4.4.9 Reboot ................................................................................................................... 28 4.5 PORT MANAGEMENT ........................................................................................................ 29 4.5.1 Port Configuration ..................................................................................................
1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Packet Contents Check the contents of your package for following parts: ▫ Ethernet Switch x1 ▫ CD-ROM user's manual x1 ▫ Quick installation guide x1 ▫ 19" rack mounting kit x1 ▫ Power cord x1 ▫ Rubber feet x 4 If any of these are missing or damaged, please contact your dealer immediately, if possible, retain the carton including the original packing material, and use them against to repack the product in case there is a need to return it to us for repair. 1.
IEEE 802.3z 1000Base-LX/SX Ethernet standards ▫ High back-plane bandwidth 12.8/17.6Gbps ▫ Console/Web/SNMP management. ▫ Configuration backup and recovery. ▫ Per port Ingress/Egress bandwidth restriction. ▫ Configurable spanning tree aging time, STP port configuration. ▫ 12 trunk groups, up to 8 ports per trunk. ▫ Port-based/802.1Q VLAN with 4K VLAN ID. ▫ MAC Binding/Filtering/Learning, configurable MAC Aging time. ▫ 8 mappings ID to 4 priority queues, Support MAC/VLAN/802.
Management Interface Console/Web/Telnet/SNMP SNMP Version v1, v2c Support MIB Support SNMP MIBⅡ(RFC 1213), Bridge MIB (RFC 1493), RMON group 1,2,3,9 Enterprise private MIB Standard Compliance Network Standard IEEE802.3 10Base-T IEEE802.3u 100Base-TX IEEE802.3z Gigabit SX/LX IEE802.3ab Gigabit 1000Base-T IEEE802.3x Flow Control and Back pressure IEEE802.3ad Port trunk with LACP IEEE802.1d Spanning tree protocol IEEE802.1w Rapid Spanning Tree IEEE802.1p Class of service IEEE802.
2. INSTALLATION This section describes the functionalities of the Switch's components and guides how to install it on the desktop or shelf. Basic knowledge of networking is assumed. Please read this chapter completely before continuing. 2.1 Product Description 2.1.
2.1.3 LED Indications WGSW-2840: LED Color Function PWR Green Lights to indicate that the Switch is powered on. SYS Green Lights to indicate the system is working. LNK/ACT Green Blink to indicate that the switch is actively sending or receiving data over that port. Speed Orange Lights to indicate the link through that port is successfully established. LED Color Function PWR Green Lights to indicate that the Switch is powered on. SYS Green Lights to indicate the system is working.
2.2.1 Desktop Installation To install the Switch on desktop or shelf, please follows these steps: Step1: Attach the rubber feet to the recessed areas on the bottom of the switch. Step2: Place the switch on the desktop or the shelf near an AC power source. Step3: Keep enough ventilation space between the switch and the surrounding objects. "Note: When choosing a location, please keep in mind the environmental restrictions discussed in Chapter 1, Section 4, in Specification.
Step4: Follow the same steps to attach the second bracket to the opposite side. Step5: After the brackets are attached to the Switch, use suitable screws to securely attach the brackets to the rack, as shown in Figure 2-6 Figure 2-6 Mounting the Switch in a Rack Step6: Proceeds with the steps 4 and steps 5 of session 2.2.1 Desktop Installation to connect the network cabling and supply power to the switch.
3. CONSOLE MANAGEMENT 3.1 Connecting to the Switch The console port is a female DB-9 connector that enables a connection to a PC or terminal for monitoring and configuring the Switch. Use the supplied RS-232 cable with a male DB-9 connector to connect a terminal or PC to the Console port. The Console configuration (out of band) allows you to set Switch for remote terminal as if the console terminal were directly connected to it. 3.
type “enable” for further configuration. The system needs password for further configuration. After the “enable” command, the system asks for password, please enter “admin” for the default password. As shows in the following screen: Console login screen 3.3 Console Management Entering a question mark "?" at the prompt displays the list of commands available for command mode.
3.4 Telnet login The switch also supports telnet for remote management. The switch asks for user name and password for remote login when using telnet, please use “admin” for username and “admin” for password. 3.5 Commands There are two levels for console commands. The first level provides commands to show system informations and current configurations. The second level (privileged mode) provides commands to set, clear and show the configuration. 3.5.
show security mac-learning Show port security status show security static-MAC Show static mac table information show snmp Show snmp information show snmp rmon Show snmp rmon state show spantree Show spanning tree information show syntax Show basic help infomation show system Show system information show trunk Show trunk information show version Get last software version show vlan Show vlan information show vlan type Show current vlan type 3.5.
clear security static-MAC Clear static MAC entry clear snmp community Clear snmp community entry clear snmp trap Clear snmp trap management host clear spantree root Restore spanning tree parameters clear trunk Clear trunk port from vlans clear vlan Clear member from vlan copy config flash Copy system configuration parameters to default value clear port storm-limit Clear strom limit of all ports clear qos map cos-queue-map Reset cos-queue map to default clear qos map dot1p-cos-map Reset do
3.5.2.5 Set command Set command is to change the parameter of the switch functions. The follow table lists the set commands and the equivalent usages.
set qos map vlan-cos-map Set vlan based qos set qos queue egress-policy Set the egress policy set security MAC-aging Set MAC aging time set security filter-MAC Create MAC filter entry set security mac-learning Set port leanrning MAC (enable|disable) set security static-MAC Create static MAC entry set snmp Enable/Disable snmp agent set snmp community Set snmp community string set spantree fwddelay Set the forward delay for the spanning tree set spantree hello Set the hello interval for the
show mirror Show mirror information show multicast router Show multicast router port information show port counter Show port counter information show port rate-shaping Show port ingress and egress rate-shaping show port spantree Show spantree information on ports show port state Show port infomation show port storm-limit Show port storm limit mode and rate show qos map cos-queue-map Show qos map cos-queue-map show qos map dot1p-cos-map Show qos map cos-queue-map show qos map mac-cos-map S
4. WEB-BASED MANAGEMENT This section introduces the configuration and functions of the Web-Based management. 4.1 About Web-based Management The switch offers management features that allow users to manage the switch from anywhere on the network through a standard browser such as Microsoft Internet Explorer. The Web-Based Management supports Internet Explorer 5.0. It is based on Java Applets with an aim to reduce network bandwidth consumption, enhance access speed and present an easy viewing screen.
WGSW-2840 Web Management Interface 4.4 System 4.4.1 IP Configuration The switch can be managed by the Web/Telnet/SNMP interfaces. Administrators can access the management interface via the IP address of the switch. The default IP address of the switch is 192.168.0.100. You can change the IP address to be in the same IP segment as your LAN network for convinence. To change the IP address, click on the System/IP Address menu button. The IP address configuration screen then shows in the main page on the web.
NOTE: 1. The Switch’s factory-default IP address is 192.168.0.100 with Submask 255.255.255.0 and a default gateway of 192.168.0.254 2. The changed IP address take effect immediately after click on the OK button, you need to use the new IP address to access the Web interface. 3. The changed IP address remains the original after reboot the switch unless the configuration is saved. To save the changed IP address, please move to System/Saving Parameters menu. 4.4.2 SNMP 4.4.2.
message is designed to replace the SNMPv1 trap message. SNMP community An SNMP community is the group that devices and management stations running SNMP belong to. It helps define where information is sent. The community name is used to identify the group. A SNMP device or agent may belong to more than one SNMP community. It will not respond to requests from management stations that do not belong to one of its communities. SNMP default communities are: 。 Write = private 。 Read = public 4.2.2.
This table is to define the system name, system location and the contact person of the switch. These informations show in the SNMP software of the management workstation which helps to identify the switch that is looking into. There are three fields in the “system options” configuration block: 。 System Name: The system name of the switch which would show in the SNMP software. 。 System Location: The system location of the switch which would show in the SNMP software.
4. Management Station Configuration A trap manager is a management station (SNMP application) that receives traps (the system alerts generated by the switch). If no trap manager is defined, no traps are issued. Create a trap manager by entering the IP address of the station and a community string. 。 Enter Network management stations IP address: 192.168.0.53 (for example) 。 Trap Community: must be the same string as “Add community” Then click on “Add” button.
4.4.3 Password The Password management menu is to set or change the password of the Web Management Interface. Click on System/Password menu button, and the Modify Password table shows in the main web page. Enter “old password “, “new password”, “confirm password” Click “OK” to change the password. 4.4.4 CONSOLE This function shows the connection parameters for the Console Management Interface. Click on the System/CONSOLE menu button, and the following table shows in the main page of the web. 4.4.
CAUTION: Do not power off the switch until the update progress is complete. 4.4.6 Saving Parameters It takes effect immediately when you change the parameters of the management function when the switch is running. But the parameters would not be saved after reboot the swith. To keep the changed parameters, Click on the System/Saving Parameters menu button, and click on the “Save” button on the web main page as show in the following. 4.4.
To backup the running configuration, click on the “Backup the system’s parameters” link, and a pop up window shows to save the configuration of the switch to your workstation. To recover a saved configuration, click on the “Browse” button in the Parameters Recovery table. A pop up window would direct you to upload the configuration file. 4.4.8 Load Default This function is to reset the configuration of switch to the factory default.
4.5 Port Management 4.5.1 Port Configuration This function is to configure and to view the configured port management status, port negotiation mode and the port flow control function. 。 Management Status: Display port status: Enable or Disable. Disable is to turn off the port. 。 Link Status: “Up” to indicate the port is linked while “Down” to indicate the port is not connectd. 。 Speed: Shows the negotiation mode and the running speed on the port. 。 Duplex: Displays full-duplex or half-duplex mode.
4.5.3 Port Band Restrict The function provides the In-Band and Out-Band connection speed restriction on the ports. The Band of the connection speed rangs from 64Kbps to 80000Kbps. Ingress Port List/Egress Port List field can be filled in distinct number or a port range. For example, you can fill with “1, 3” for port 1 and port 3 and “3-5” for port 3 to port 5. Band(64~80000Kbps) field can be filled with any number between 64 and 80000.
4.6 Redundancy 4.6.1 Spanning Tree 1. Spanning Tree Protocol The IEEE 802.1D Spanning Tree Protocol and IEEE 802.1W Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol allow for the blocking of links between switches that form loops within the network. When multiple links between switches are detected, a primary link is established. Duplicated links are blocked from use and become standby links. The protocol allows for the duplicate links to be used in the event of a failure of the primary link.
The communication between switches via BPDUs results in the following: 。 One switch is elected as the root switch 。 The shortest distance to the root switch is calculated for each switch 。 A designated switch is selected. This is the switch closest to the root switch through which packets will be forwarded to the root. 。 A port for each switch is selected. This is the port providing the best path from the switch to the root switch. 。 Ports included in the STP are selected.
。 From listening to learning or to disabled 。 From learning to forwarding or to disabled 。 From forwarding to disabled 。 From disabled to blocking Switch Blocking Listening Disable Learning Forwarding STP Port State Transitions You can modify each port state by using management software. When you enable STP, every port on every switch in the network goes through the blocking state and then transitions through the states of listening and learning at power up.
configurable the switch’s MAC address.
parameters in the Switch are as follows: Priority – A Priority for the switch can be set from 0 to 65535. 0 is equal to the highest Priority. Hello Time – The Hello Time can be from 1 to 10 seconds. This is the interval between two transmissions of BPDU packets sent by the Root Bridge to tell all other Switches that it is indeed the Root Bridge. If you set a Hello Time for your Switch, and it is not the Root Bridge, the set Hello Time will be used if and when your Switch becomes the Root Bridge.
LAN 1 Portcast = 19 A Port 3 Bridge ID = 15 Port 1 Port 2 Portcast = 4 Portcast = 4 Portcast = 4 B Portcast = 4 C Port 1 Port 1 Bridge ID = 30 Port 2 Bridge ID = 20 Port 3 Port 2 Portcast = 19 Portcast = 19 Port 3 Portcast = 19 LAN 2 LAN 3 Before Applying the STA Rules In this example, only the default STP values are used.
between switch B and C is deliberately chosen as a 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet link (default port cost = 19). Gigabit ports could be used, but the port cost should be increased from the default to ensure that the link between switch B and switch C is the blocked link. 4.6.2 Spanning Tree Configuration The Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) operates on two levels: On the switch level, the settings are globally implemented. On the port level, the settings are implemented on a. per user-defined Group of ports. 1.
the default setting is 128.The lower number has the highest priority. Path Cost: Specifies the path cost of the port. The switch uses this parameter to help determine which port will become a forwarding port. Lower numbers will be used as forwarding ports first. The range is from 0 to 65535. The default values based on IEEE802.1D are: 10Mb/s = 50-600, 100Mb/s = 10-60, 1000Mb/s = 3-10 4.6.
It allows a maximum of eight ports to be aggregated at the same time. The Switch support Gigabit Ethernet ports (up to 12 groups). If the group is defined as a LACP static link aggregationing group, then any extra ports selected are placed in a standby mode for redundancy if one of the other ports fails. If the group is defined as a local static link aggregationing group, then the number of ports must be the same as the group member ports. 4.7 Security 4.7.1 VLAN 4.7.1.1 Theory Understanding IEEE 802.
applications, which are sensitive to even slight delays, or for data from specified end users whose data transmissions warrant special consideration. The Switch allows you to further tailor how priority tagged data packets are handled on your network. Using queues to manage priority tagged data allows you to specify its relative priority to suit the needs of your network. There may be circumstances where it would be advantageous to group two or more differently tagged packets into the same queue.
new VLAN is created, the member ports assigned to the new VLAN will be removed from the DEFAULT_ VLAN port member list. The DEFAULT_VLAN has a VID = 1. Port-based VLAN Port-based VLAN limit traffic that flows into and out of switch ports. Thus, all devices connected to a port are members of the VLAN(s) the port belongs to, whether there is a single computer directly connected to a switch, or an entire department. On port-based VLAN.NIC do not need to be able to identify 802.1Q tags in packet headers.
MAC address. Their presence is indicated by a value of 0x8100 in the Ether Type field. When a packet's Ether Type field is equal to 0x8100, the packet carries the IEEE 802.1Q/802.1p tag. The tag is contained in the following two octets and consists of 3 bits of user priority, 1 bit of Canonical Format Identifier (CFI used for encapsulating Token Ring packets so they can be carried across Ethernet backbones), and 12 bits of VLAN ID (VID). The 3 bits of user priority are used by 802.1p.
decisions are based upon this PVID, in so far as VLAN are concerned. Tagged packets are forwarded according to the VID contained within the tag. Tagged packets are also assigned a PVID, but the PVID is not used to make packet forwarding decisions, the VID is. Tag-aware switches must keep a table to relate PVID within the switch to VID on the network. The switch will compare the VID of a packet to be transmitted to the VID of the port that is to transmit the packet.
2. The main page then change to Port-base VLAN table, click on the “Add/Modify” button to create a new VLAN group. 3. The Port-base VLAN Confirutation table then pops up, enter the VLAN group ID, VLAN name and select the member ports for the VLAN. 4. Click the “OK” button to add the VLAN. 5. Select the ports in the Port List field and click on the Add button to add the member ports to the VLAN. The selected VLAN member then shows in the VLAN Member field. 6.
802.1Q VLAN There are up to 256 configurable VLAN groups. By default when 802.1Q is enabled, all ports on the switch belong to default VLAN (VID 1). The default VLAN cannot be deleted. Understand nomenclature of the Switch Tagging and Untagging Every port on an 802.1Q compliant switch can be configured as tagging or untagging. 。 Tagging: Ports with tagging enabled will put the VID number, priority and other VLAN information into the header of all packets that flow into those ports.
Switch allows each port to set one PVID, the range is 1~255, default PVID is 1. The PVID must be the same as the VLAN ID that the port was defined as belonging to in the VLAN group, or the untagged traffic will be dropped. 1. Select 802.1Q VLAN in the VLAN Type field and click on the “OK” button. The main page then changes to the 802.1Q VLAN table which displays the VLAN configuration of each port. 2. If you want to configure port #2 to be in a VLAN other than default VLAN.
3. Choose the Link Type in the drop drop down menu: Access or Trunk. Note that if the Access type is chosen, it will strip the 802.1Q tag from all packets that out of this port. On the other hand, if the Trunk type is chosen, it will put the VID number, priority and other VLAN information into the header of all packets that out of this port. 4. Define the PVID for the port Set the port VLAN ID that will be assigned to untagged traffic on a given port.
5.3 Select on the VLAN chich you want to tag with in the VLAN Table field and click on the “Add” button to add. This will add the VLAN in to the VLAN with The Trunk Port field. 5.4 Click on the “close” button to close the VLAN port configuration table of port #2, and back to the 802.1Q main page. 5.5 Click on the “Show VLAN Members” button to show the VLAN members. 5.6 As shows in the following screen: 4.7.2 MAC Address Bind This function is based upon for the switch security.
disconnected or powered-off from the network, and then reconnected at some time later. If the Network station is connected with one port want to control the switch, the station’s MAC Address must be the same as one MAC Address To bind the MAC Address, click on the Security/MAC Address Binding menu button, the main web page then shows the MAC Address Bind function table. 1.
3. To remove the MAC Address filtered by the port. Simply click on the “Delete” button of the MAC Address in the Current Filtering MAC Table. 4.7.4 MAC Address Learning The switch is able to disable MAC Address learning function on ports. 1. Fill the Port List field in the MAC Address Learning table and select Enable/Disable in the MAC Address Learning field. 2. Click on the “OK” button to save.
4.7.5 MAC Address Aging Time The Aging Time affects the learning process of the Switch. Dynamic forwarding table entries, which are made up of the source and destination MAC addresses and their associated port numbers, are deleted from the table if they are not accessed within the aging time. The aging time can be from 30 to 1,000,000 seconds with a default value of 300 seconds. A very long aging time can result in dynamic forwarding table entries that are out-of-date or no longer exist.
4.8 QoS 4.8.1 Understand QOS Quality of Service (QoS) is an advanced traffic prioritization feature that allows you to establish control over network traffic. QoS enables you to assign various grades of network service to different types of traffic, such as multi-media, video, protocol-specific, time critical, and file-backup traffic. QoS reduces bandwidth limitations, delay, loss, and jitter.
Rules are associated with a QoS Profile (see above). To implement QoS on your network, you need to carry out the following actions: 1. Define a service level to determine the priority that will be applied to traffic. 2. Apply a classifier to determine how the incoming traffic will be classified and thus treated by the Switch. 3. Create a QoS profile which associates a service level and a classifier. 4. Apply a QoS profile to a port(s). 4.8.
2. VLAN-COS Mapping QoS settings allow customization of VLAN ID to Traffic classifiers 1. Fill the VID (1-2094) field in the VLAN-CoS Mapping Table. 2. Fill the mapping number in the CoS (0-7) field. 3. Click on the “OK” button to save. 4. To remove the VLAN-CoS mapping item, simply click on the “Delete” button in the Show VLAN-CoS Mapping table.
3. 802.1p-CoS Mapping QoS settings allow customization of packet priority in order to facilitate delivery of data traffic that might be affected by latency problems. The IEEE 802.1p Priority specification uses 8 priority levels to classify data packets. In 802.1p compliant devices, a tag inserted into the packet header is used to identify the priority level of data packets. 1. Fill the 802.1p Priority (0-7) field in the 802.1p-priority-CoS Mapping Configuration Table. 2.
4. Port-COS Mapping QoS settings allow customization of VLAN ID to Traffic classifiers 1. Fill the Port List (e.g. 1-3,7) field in the port-based QoS Configuration Table. 2. Fill the mapping number in the CoS (0-7) field. 3. Click on the “OK” button to save. 5. COS-Queue Mapping 1. Fill the CoS (0-7) field in the CoS-Queue Mapping Configuration Table. 2. Fill the mapping number in the Queue (0-3) field. 3. Click on the “OK” button to save.
6. Queue Management There are two rules for the Priority Queue: Weighted Round Robin (WRR) and Always Hight. To configure Queue Rule, select the Queue Policy drop down menu in the Queue Rule Configuration table. And Click on the “OK” button to save. If the WRR was chosen as the Queue Policy, the page would show in the main page.
4.9 Multicast 4.9.1 IGMP Snooping Theory Computers and network devices that want to receive multicast transmissions need to inform nearby routers that they will become members of a multicast group. The Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) is used to communicate this information. IGMP is also used to periodically check the multicast group for members that are no longer active. In the case where there is more than one multicast router on a sub network, one router is elected as the ‘queried’.
A host sends an IGMP “report” to join a group A host will never send a report when it wants to leave a group (for version 1). A host will send a “leave” report when it wants to leave a group (for version 2). Multicast routers send IGMP queries (to the all-hosts group address: 224.0.0.1) periodically to see whether any group members exist on their sub networks. If there is no response from a particular group, the router assumes that there are no group members on the network.
4.9.2 Static Routing Port This function is to configure ports to be the member of IGMP Groups in VLANs. To do this, fill the Port List field and the VID field for the static routing and click on the “Add” button to save. 4.10 Port Analysis 4.10.1 Port Analysis This function shows the statistical information of each port, it helps to diagnose the network malfunction. The following example shows the statistic table of port #6.
4.10.2 Port Mirror Port Mirroring is a method of monitoring network traffic that forwards a copy of each incoming and/or outgoing packet from one port of a network switch to another port where the packet can be studied. It enables the manager to keep close track of switch performance and alter it if necessary. Configuring the port mirroring by assigning a source port from which to copy all packets and a sniffer port where those packets will be sent.
4.11 Storm Control This function is to control the Braodcast Storm, Multicast Storm and Flooded Storm packet on each port. To configure the Storm Control, click on the Storm Control menu button. The web main page then shows the Strom Restricting function table. 1. Fill the Port List field in the Broadcast Storm Restricting table, select the type in the Restricting Type drop down menu and enter the packet size in the Flow field. 2. Click on the “OK” button to save. 3.
5. TROUBLE SHOOTING This section is intended to help you solve the most common problems on the 8 10/100TX plus 100FX Exp. Slot managed POE switch. 5.1 Incorrect connections The switch port can auto detect straight or crossover cable when you link switch with other Ethernet device. For the RJ-45 connector should use correct UTP or STP cable, 10/100Mbps port use 2 pairs twisted cable. If the RJ-45 connector is not correct pin on right position then the link will fail.
5.2.1 Cabling RJ-45 ports: use unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) or shield twisted-pair (STP) cable for RJ-45 connections: 100Ω Category 3, 4 or 5 cable for 10Mbps connections or 100Ω Category 5 cable for 100Mbps connections. Also be sure that the length of any twisted-pair connection does not exceed 100 meters (328 feet).
6. APPENDIX 6.1 Console Port Pin Assignments The DB-9 serial port on the front panel is used to connect to the switch for out-of-band console configuration. The console menu-driven configuration program can be accessed from a terminal or a PC running a terminal emulation program. The pin assignments used to connect to the serial port are provided in the following tables.
Cable Type Max. Length Connector 10BASE-T Cat. 3, 4, 5100-ohm UTP 100 m (328 ft) RJ-45 100BASE-TX Cat. 5 100-ohm UTP 100 m (328 ft) RJ-45 100BASE-FX 50/125 or 62.5/125 micron core multimode fiber (MMF) 2 km (1.24 miles) SC or ST 6.2 100BASE-TX/10BASE-T Pin Assignments With 100BASE-TX/10BASE-T cable, pins 1 and 2 are used for transmitting data, and pins 3 and 6 for receiving data.
