User's Manual

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Table Of Contents

Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION
- 1.1 Packet Contents
- 1.2 Product Description
- 1.3 Product Features
- 1.4 Product Specifications
Chapter 2 INSTALLATION
- 2.1 Hardware Description
- 2.2 Switch Installation
Chapter 3 Switch Management
- 3.1 Management Options
  - 3.1.1 Out-Of-Band Management
  - 3.1.2 In-band Management
- 3.2 CLI Interface
Chapter 4 Basic Switch Configuration
- 4.1 Basic Configuration
- 4.2 Telnet Management
  - 4.2.1 Telnet
    - 4.2.1.1 Introduction to Telnet
    - 4.2.1.2 Telnet Configuration Task List
  - 4.2.2 SSH
- 4.3 Configuration of Switch IP Addresses
  - 4.3.1 Switch IP Addresses Configuration Task List
- 4.4 SNMP Configuration
- 4.5 Switch Upgrade
Chapter 5 File System Operations
- 5.1 Introduction to File Storage Devices
- 5.2 File System Operation Configuration Task list
- 5.3 Typical Applications
- 5.4 Troubleshooting
Chapter 6 Cluster Configuration
- 6.1 Introduction to cluster network management
- 6.2 Cluster Network Management Configuration Sequence
- 6.3 Examples of Cluster Administration
- 6.4 Cluster Administration Troubleshooting
Chapter 7 Port Configuration
- 7.1 Introduction to Port
- 7.2 Network Port Configuration Task List
- 7.3 Port Configuration Example
- 7.4 Port Troubleshooting
Chapter 8 Port Isolation Function Configuration
- 8.1 Introduction to Port Isolation Function
- 8.2 Task Sequence of Port Isolation
- 8.3 Port Isolation Function Typical Examples
Chapter 9 Port Loopback Detection Function Configuration
- 9.1 Introduction to Port Loopback Detection Function
- 9.2 Port Loopback Detection Function Configuration Task List
- 9.3 Port Loopback Detection Function Example
- 9.4 Port Loopback Detection Troubleshooting
Chapter 10 ULDP Function Configuration
- 10.1 Introduction to ULDP Function
- 10.2 ULDP Configuration Task Sequence
- 10.3 ULDP Function Typical Examples
- 10.4 ULDP Troubleshooting
Chapter 11 LLDP Function Operation Configuration
- 11.1 Introduction to LLDP Function
- 11.2 LLDP Function Configuration Task Sequence
- 11.3 LLDP Function Typical Example
- 11.4 LLDP Function Troubleshooting
Chapter 12 Port Channel Configuration
- 12.1 Introduction to Port Channel
- 12.2 Brief Introduction to LACP
  - 12.2.1 Static LACP Aggregation
  - 12.2.2 Dynamic LACP Aggregation
- 12.3 Port Channel Configuration Task List
- 12.4 Port Channel Examples
- 12.5 Port Channel Troubleshooting
Chapter 13 Jumbo Configuration
- 13.1 Introduction to Jumbo
- 13.2 Jumbo Configuration Task Sequence
Chapter 14 EFM OAM Configuration
- 14.1 Introduction to EFM OAM
- 14.2 EFM OAM Configuration
- 14.3 EFM OAM Example
- 14.4 EFM OAM Troubleshooting
Chapter 15 VLAN Configuration
- 15.1 VLAN Configuration
- 15.2 GVRP Configuration
- 15.3 Dot1q-tunnel Configuration
- 15.4 VLAN-translation Configuration
- 15.5 Dynamic VLAN Configuration
- 15.6 Voice VLAN Configuration
Chapter 16 MAC Table Configuration
- 16.1 Introduction to MAC Table
  - 16.1.1 Obtaining MAC Table
  - 16.1.2 Forward or Filter
- 16.2 Mac Address Table Configuration Task List
- 16.3 Typical Configuration Examples
- 16.4 MAC Table Troubleshooting
- 16.5 MAC Address Function Extension
  - 16.5.1 MAC Address Binding
Chapter 17 MSTP Configuration
- 17.1 Introduction to MSTP
- 17.2 MSTP Configuration Task List
- 17.3 MSTP Example
- 17.4 MSTP Troubleshooting
Chapter 18 QoS Configuration
- 18.1 Introduction to QoS
- 18.2 QoS Configuration Task List
- 18.3 QoS Example
- 18.4 QoS Troubleshooting
Chapter 19 Flow-based Redirection
- 19.1 Introduction to Flow-based Redirection
- 19.2 Flow-based Redirection Configuration Task Sequence
- 19.3 Flow-based Redirection Examples
- 19.4 Flow-based Redirection Troubleshooting Help
Chapter 20 Egress QoS Configuration
- 20.1 Introduction to Egress QoS
  - 20.1.1 Egress QOS Terms
  - 20.1.2 Basic Egress QoS Model
- 20.2 Egress QoS Configuration
- 20.3 Egress QoS Examples
- 20.4 Egress QoS Examples
Chapter 21 Flexible Q-in-Q Configuration
- 21.1 Introduction to Flexible Q-in-Q
- 21.2 Flexible Q-in-Q Configuration Task List
- 21.3 Flexible Q-in-Q Example
- 21.4 Flexible Q-in-Q Troubleshooting
Chapter 22 Layer 3 Forward Configuration
- 22.1 Layer 3 Interface
  - 22.1.1 Introduction to Layer 3 Interface
  - 22.1.2 Layer 3 Interface Configuration Task List
- 22.2 IP Configuration
- 22.3 IP Forwarding
  - 22.3.1 Introduction to IP Forwarding
  - 22.3.2 IP Route Aggregation Configuration Task
- 22.4 URPF
- 22.5 ARP
- 22.6 Hardware Tunnel Capacity Configuration
Chapter 23 ARP Scanning Prevention Function Configuration
- 23.1 Introduction to ARP Scanning Prevention Function
- 23.2 ARP Scanning Prevention Configuration Task Sequence
- 23.3 ARP Scanning Prevention Typical Examples
- 23.4 ARP Scanning Prevention Troubleshooting Help
Chapter 24 Prevent ARP, ND Spoofing Configuration
- 24.1 Overview
- 24.2 Prevent ARP, ND Spoofing configuration
- 24.3 Prevent ARP, ND Spoofing Example
Chapter 25 ARP GUARD Configuration
- 25.1 Introduction to ARP GUARD
- 25.2 ARP GUARD Configuration Task List
Chapter 26 ARP Local Proxy Configuration
- 26.1 Introduction to ARP Local Proxy function
- 26.2 ARP Local Proxy Function Configuration Task List
- 26.3 Typical Examples of ARP Local Proxy Function
- 26.4 ARP Local Proxy Function Troubleshooting
Chapter 27 Gratuitous ARP Configuration
- 27.1 Introduction to Gratuitous ARP
- 27.2 Gratuitous ARP Configuration Task List
- 27.3 Gratuitous ARP Configuration Example
- 27.4 Gratuitous ARP Troubleshooting
Chapter 28 Keepalive Gateway Configuration
- 28.1 Introduction to Keepalive Gateway
- 28.2 Keepalive Gateway Configuration Task List
- 28.3 Keepalive Gateway Example
- 28.4 Keepalive Gateway Troubleshooting
Chapter 29 DHCP Configuration
- 29.1 Introduction to DHCP
- 29.2 DHCP Server Configuration
- 29.3 DHCP Relay Configuration
- 29.4 DHCP Configuration Examples
- 29.5 DHCP Troubleshooting
Chapter 30 DHCPv6 Configuration
- 30.1 Introduction to DHCPv6
- 30.2 DHCPv6 Server Configuration
- 30.3 DHCPv6 Relay Delegation Configuration
- 30.4 DHCPv6 Prefix Delegation Server Configuration
- 30.5 DHCPv6 Prefix Delegation Client Configuration
- 30.6 DHCPv6 Configuration Examples
- 30.7 DHCPv6 Troubleshooting
Chapter 31 DHCP option 82 Configuration
- 31.1 Introduction to DHCP option 82
  - 31.1.1 DHCP option 82 Message Structure
  - 31.1.2 option 82 Working Mechanism
- 31.2 DHCP option 82 Configuration Task List
- 31.3 DHCP option 82 Application Examples
- 31.4 DHCP option 82 Troubleshooting
Chapter 32 DHCPv6 option37, 38
- 32.1 Introduction to DHCPv6 option37, 38
- 32.2 DHCPv6 option37, 38 Configuration Task List
- 32.3 DHCPv6 option37, 38 Examples
  - 32.3.1 DHCPv6 Snooping option37, 38 Example
  - 32.3.2 DHCPv6 Snooping option37, 38 Example
- 32.4 DHCPv6 option37, 38 Troubleshooting
Chapter 33 DHCP Snooping Configuration
- 33.1 Introduction to DHCP Snooping
- 33.2 DHCP Snooping Configuration Task Sequence
- 33.3 DHCP Snooping Typical Application
- 33.4 DHCP Snooping Troubleshooting Help
  - 33.4.1 Monitor and Debug Information
  - 33.4.2 DHCP Snooping Troubleshooting Help
- 33.5 DHCPv6 Snooping Typical Application
- 33.6 DHCPv6 Snooping Troubleshooting
  - 33.6.1 Monitor and Debug Information
  - 33.6.2 DHCPv6 Snooping Troubleshooting Help
Chapter 34 Routing Protocol Overview
- 34.1 Routing Table
- 34.2 IP Routing Policy
Chapter 35 Static Route
- 35.1 Introduction to Static Route
- 35.2 Introduction to Default Route
- 35.3 Static Route Configuration Task List
- 35.4 Static Route Configuration Examples
Chapter 36 RIP
- 36.1 Introduction to RIP
- 36.2 RIP Configuration Task List
- 36.3 RIP Examples
  - 36.3.1 Typical RIP Examples
  - 36.3.2 Typical Examples of RIP aggregation function
- 36.4 RIP Troubleshooting
Chapter 37 RIPng
- 37.1 Introduction to RIPng
- 37.2 RIPng Configuration Task List
- 37.3 RIPng Configuration Examples
  - 37.3.1 Typical RIPng Examples
  - 37.3.2 RIPng Aggregation Route Function Typical Examples
- 37.4 RIPng Troubleshooting
Chapter 38 OSPF
- 38.1 Introduction to OSPF
- 38.2 OSPF Configuration Task List
- 38.3 OSPF Examples
  - 38.3.1 Configuration Example of OSPF
  - 38.3.2 Configuration Examples of OSPF VPN
- 38.4 OSPF Troubleshooting
Chapter 39 OSPFv3
- 39.1 Introduction to OSPFv3
- 39.2 OSPFv3 Configuration Task List
- 39.3 OSPFv3 Examples
- 39.4 OSPFv3 Troubleshooting
Chapter 40 BGP
- 40.1 Introduction to BGP
- 40.2 BGP Configuration Task List
- 40.3 Configuration Examples of BGP
- 40.4 BGP Troubleshooting
Chapter 41 MBGP4+
- 41.1 Introduction to MBGP4+
- 41.2 MBGP4+ Configuration Task List
- 41.3 MBGP4+ Examples
- 41.4 MBGP4+ Troubleshooting
Chapter 42 Black Hole Routing Manual
- 42.1 Introduction to Black Hole Routing
- 42.2 IPv4 Black Hole Routing Configuration Task
- 42.3 IPv6 Black Hole Routing Configuration Task
- 42.4 Black Hole Routing Configuration Examples
- 42.5 Black Hole Routing Troubleshooting
Chapter 43 GRE Tunnel Configuration
- 43.1 Introduction to GRE Tunnel
- 43.2 GRE Tunnel Basic Configuration
- 43.3 Example of GRE Tunnel
- 43.4 Example of GRE Tunnel Quotes Loopback Group
- 43.5 GRE Tunnel Troubleshooting
Chapter 44 ECMP Configuration
- 44.1 Introduction to ECMP
- 44.2 ECMP Configuration Task List
- 44.3 ECMP Typical Example
  - 44.3.1 Static Route Implements ECMP
  - 44.3.2 OSPF Implements ECMP
- 44.4 ECMP Troubleshooting
Chapter 45 BFD
- 45.1 Introduction to BFD
- 45.2 BFD Configuration Task List
- 45.3 Examples of BFD
- 45.4 BFD Troubleshooting
Chapter 46 BGP GR
- 46.1 Introduction to GR
- 46.2 GR Configuration Task List
- 46.3 Typical Example of GR
Chapter 47 OSPF GR
- 47.1 Introduction to OSPF GR
- 47.2 OSPF GR Configuration
- 47.3 OSPF GR Example
- 47.4 OSPF GR Troubleshooting
Chapter 48 IPv4 Multicast Protocol
- 48.1 IPv4 Multicast Protocol Overview
- 48.2 PIM-DM
- 48.3 PIM-SM
- 48.4 MSDP Configuration
- 48.5 ANYCAST RP Configuration
- 48.6 PIM-SSM
- 48.7 DVMRP
- 48.8 DCSCM
- 48.9 IGMP
- 48.10 IGMP Snooping
- 48.11 IGMP Proxy Configuration
Chapter 49 IPv6 Multicast Protocol
- 49.1 PIM-DM6
- 49.2 PIM-SM6
- 49.3 ANYCAST RP v6 Configuration
- 49.4 PIM-SSM6
- 49.5 IPv6 DCSCM
- 49.6 MLD
- 49.7 MLD Snooping
Chapter 50 Multicast VLAN
- 50.1 Introductions to Multicast VLAN
- 50.2 Multicast VLAN Configuration Task List
- 50.3 Multicast VLAN Examples
Chapter 51 ACL Configuration
- 51.1 Introduction to ACL
- 51.2 ACL Configuration Task List
- 51.3 ACL Example
- 51.4 ACL Troubleshooting
Chapter 52 802.1x Configuration
- 52.1 Introduction to 802.1x
- 52.2 802.1x Configuration Task List
- 52.3 802.1x Application Example
- 52.4 802.1x Troubleshooting
Chapter 53 The Number Limitation Function of Port, MAC in VLAN and IP Configuration
- 53.1 Introduction to the Number Limitation Function of Port, MAC in VLAN and IP
- 53.2 The Number Limitation Function of Port, MAC in VLAN and IP Configuration Task Sequence
- 53.3 The Number Limitation Function of Port, MAC in VLAN and IP Typical Examples
- 53.4 The Number Limitation Function of Port, MAC in VLAN and IP Troubleshooting Help
Chapter 54 Operational Configuration of AM Function
- 54.1 Introduction to AM Function
- 54.2 AM Function Configuration Task List
- 54.3 AM Function Example
- 54.4 AM Function Troubleshooting
Chapter 55 TACACS+ Configuration
- 55.1 Introduction to TACACS+
- 55.2 TACACS+ Configuration Task List
- 55.3 TACACS+ Scenarios Typical Examples
- 55.4 TACACS+ Troubleshooting
Chapter 56 RADIUS Configuration
- 56.1 Introduction to RADIUS
  - 56.1.1 AAA and RADIUS Introduction
  - 56.1.2 Message structure for RADIUS
- 56.2 RADIUS Configuration Task List
- 56.3 RADIUS Typical Examples
  - 56.3.1 IPv4 Radius Example
  - 56.3.2 IPv6 RADIUS Example
- 56.4 RADIUS Troubleshooting
Chapter 57 SSL Configuration
- 57.1 Introduction to SSL
  - 57.1.1 Basic Element of SSL
- 57.2 SSL Configuration Task List
- 57.3 SSL Typical Example
- 57.4 SSL Troubleshooting
Chapter 58 IPv6 Security RA Configuration
- 58.1 Introduction to IPv6 Security RA
- 58.2 IPv6 Security RA Configuration Task Sequence
- 58.3 IPv6 Security RA Typical Examples
- 58.4 IPv6 Security RA Troubleshooting Help
Chapter 59 VLAN-ACL Configuration
- 59.1 Introduction to VLAN-ACL
- 59.2 VLAN-ACL Configuration Task List
- 59.3 VLAN-ACL Configuration Example
- 59.4 VLAN-ACL Troubleshooting
Chapter 60 MAB Configuration
- 60.1 Introduction to MAB
- 60.2 MAB Configuration Task List
- 60.3 MAB Example
- 60.4 MAB Troubleshooting
Chapter 61 PPPoE Intermediate Agent Configuration
- 61.1 Introduction to PPPoE Intermediate Agent
  - 61.1.1 Brief Introduction to PPPoE
  - 61.1.2 Introduction to PPPoE IA
- 61.2 PPPoE Intermediate Agent Configuration Task List
- 61.3 PPPoE Intermediate Agent Typical Application
- 61.4 PPPoE Intermediate Agent Troubleshooting
Chapter 62 SAVI Configuration
- 62.1 Introduction to SAVI
- 62.2 SAVI Configuration
- 62.3 SAVI Typical Application
- 62.4 SAVI Troubleshooting
Chapter 63 Web Portal Configuration
- 63.1 Introduction to Web Portal Authentication
- 63.2 Web Portal Authentication Configuration Task List
- 63.3 Web Portal Authentication Typical Example
- 63.4 Web Portal Authentication Troubleshooting
Chapter 64 VRRP Configuration
- 64.1 Introduction to VRRP
- 64.2 VRRP Configuration Task List
- 64.3 VRRP Typical Examples
- 64.4 VRRP Troubleshooting
Chapter 65 IPv6 VRRPv3 Configuration
- 65.1 Introduction to VRRPv3
  - 65.1.1 The Format of VRRPv3 Message
  - 65.1.2 VRRPv3 Working Mechanism
- 65.2 VRRPv3 Configuration
  - 65.2.1 Configuration Task Sequence
- 65.3 VRRPv3 Typical Examples
- 65.4 VRRPv3 Troubleshooting
Chapter 66 MRPP Configuration
- 66.1 Introduction to MRPP
- 66.2 MRPP Configuration Task List
- 66.3 MRPP Typical Scenario
- 66.4 MRPP Troubleshooting
Chapter 67 ULPP Configuration
- 67.1 Introduction to ULPP
- 67.2 ULPP Configuration Task List
- 67.3 ULPP Typical Examples
  - 67.3.1 ULPP Typical Example1
  - 67.3.2 ULPP Typical Example2
- 67.4 ULPP Troubleshooting
Chapter 68 ULSM Configuration
- 68.1 Introduction to ULSM
- 68.2 ULSM Configuration Task List
- 68.3 ULSM Typical Example
- 68.4 ULSM Troubleshooting
Chapter 69 Mirror Configuration
- 69.1 Introduction to Mirror
- 69.2 Mirror Configuration Task List
- 69.3 Mirror Examples
- 69.4 Device Mirror Troubleshooting
Chapter 70 RSPAN Configuration
- 70.1 Introduction to RSPAN
- 70.2 RSPAN Configuration Task List
- 70.3 Typical Examples of RSPAN
- 70.4 RSPAN Troubleshooting
Chapter 71 sFlow Configuration
- 71.1 Introduction to sFlow
- 71.2 sFlow Configuration Task List
- 71.3 sFlow Examples
- 71.4 sFlow Troubleshooting
Chapter 72 SNTP Configuration
- 72.1 Introduction to SNTP
- 72.2 Typical Examples of SNTP Configuration
Chapter 73 NTP Function Configuration
- 73.1 Introduction to NTP Function
- 73.2 NTP Function Configuration Task List
- 73.3 Typical Examples of NTP Function
- 73.4 NTP Function Troubleshooting
Chapter 74 DNSv4/v6 Configuration
- 74.1 Introduction to DNS
- 74.2 DNSv4/v6 Configuration Task List
- 74.3 Typical Examples of DNS
- 74.4 DNS Troubleshooting
Chapter 75 Summer Time Configuration
- 75.1 Introduction to Summer Time
- 75.2 Summer Time Configuration Task Sequence
- 75.3 Examples of Summer Time
- 75.4 Summer Time Troubleshooting
Chapter 76 Monitor and Debug
- 76.1 Ping
- 76.2 Ping6
- 76.3 Traceroute
- 76.4 Traceroute6
- 76.5 Show
- 76.6 Debug
- 76.7 System log
Chapter 77 Reload Switch after Specified Time
- 77.1 Introduce to Reload Switch after Specified Time
- 77.2 Reload Switch after Specified Time Task List
Chapter 78 Debugging and Diagnosis for Packets Received and Sent by CPU
- 78.1 Introduction to Debugging and Diagnosis for Packets Received and Sent by CPU
- 78.2 Debugging and Diagnosis for Packets Received and Sent by CPU Task List
Chapter 79 VSF
- 79.1 Overview
- 79.2 Relevant VSF Configuration
- 79.3 Typical VSF Example
- 79.4 VSF Troubleshooting
Chapter 80 PoE Configuration
- 80.1 Introduction to PoE
- 80.2 PoE Configuration
- 80.3 Typical Application of PoE
- 80.4 PoE Troubleshooting Help
Chapter 81 SWITCH OPERATION
- 81.1 Address Table
- 81.2 Learning
- 81.3 Forwarding & Filtering
- 81.4 Store-and-Forward
- 81.5 Auto-Negotiation
Chapter 82 TROUBLESHOOTING
Chapter 83 APPENDIX A
- 83.1 A.1 Switch's RJ45 Pin Assignments
- 83.2 A.2 10/100Mbps, 10/100BASE-TX
Chapter 84 GLOSSARY

18-3

18.1.3 Basic QoS Model

The basic QoS consists of four parts: Classification, Policing, Remark and Scheduling, where classification,

policing and remark are sequential ingress actions, and Queuing and Scheduling are QoS egress actions.

Figure 18-3 Basic QoS Model

Classification: Classify traffic according to packet classification information and generate internal DSCP

value based on the classification information. For different packet types and switch configurations,

classification is performed differently; the flowchart below explains this in detail.