User Guide

Glossary
G - 41
Glossary
Online Editing
During online editing the master of
a film is edited in the best possible
quality. The end product is gener-
ated in one work step. In the event
that the Project was previously
edited off-line, the
àEDITING
DECISION LIST derived from off-line
editing is used as the basis for on-
line editing.
Optical Disk
àOPTICAL STORAGE MEDIA
Optical storage
media
The basic principle of optical disks
such as CD and DVD is the same: a
disk of transparent polycarbonate
is vaporized on one side with
reflective coating and coated with
wafer-thin varnish. In the polycar-
bonate disk a helical, narrow-
wound Track extends from the
inside to the outside through the
plastic. On this Track, digital infor-
mation in the form of lands and
pits are lined up one behind the
other. Each transition, irrespective
of its direction, stands for a digital
1; the absence of a transition repre-
sents a digital 0.
The windings of the data spiral are
1.6 mm apart; thus 50 windings
would be as wide as a single human
hair. The individual pits are
between 0.8 and 1 mm. When
played, the disk rotates while an
axially mobile scanner unit follows
the data Track. This combined
scanner unit consists of a laser
diode and a lens with a photodiode
at the back. The laser beam of the
laser diode is thrown back by the
reflective rear side coating of the
CD. If the beam hits the lands, it is
directly reflected into the lens sys-
tem at high intensity, while the pits,
by contrast, scatter the beam and
only a little light falls on the photo-
diode. The changing intensity of
the reflected light impulses there-
fore reproduces the bit Sequence or
data stream.
Original
The tapes which were used for the
initial recording, are referred to as
the original or original tapes. In
most cases, original tapes are pro-
duced by the camcorder or the stu-
dio recorder in the case of studio
productions or film scanning. The
best scenes of the original tapes are
selected during editing, compiled
to the finished film and recorded
on the
àMASTER.
PAL
Phase Alternating Line.
PAL is the predominant TV stan-
dard in Europe. PAL operates at a
frequency of 50 hertz which corre-
sponds to 25 frames or 50 fields
and with 625 lines. Compared to
NTSC, the type of color transmis-
sion is different for PAL which
yields advantages for the color sta-
bility of the transmitted pictures,
but also requires higher technical
expenditure and causes problems
in post-editing.
(
àFIELD SEQUENCE). In the case of
PAL, the bandwidth is 5.5 MHz,
the color carrier Sequence 4.43
MHz.