Operation and maintenance manual

SEBU8601-01 61
Operation Section
Engine Operation
Engine Operation
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Engine Op eration
Proper oper
ation and maintenance are key factors
in obtaining the maximum life and economy of
the engine. If the directions in the Operation and
Maintenan
ce Manual are followed, costs can be
minimized and engine service life can be maximized.
Thetimeth
at is needed for the engine to reach
normal operating temperature can be less than the
time taken for a walk-around inspection of the engine.
The engine can be operated at the rated rpm after
the engine is started and after the engine reaches
operati
ng temperature. The engine will reach normal
operating temperature sooner during a low engine
speed (rpm) and during a low-power demand. This
procedu
re is more effective than idling the engine
at no load. The engine should reach operating
temperature in a few minutes.
Avoid excess idling. Excessive idling causes carbon
buildup, engine slobber, and soot loading of the
Diesel
Particulate Filter (DPF). This is harmful to the
engine.
Gauge
readings should be observed and the data
should be recorded frequently while the engine
is operating. Comparing the data over time will
help t
o determine normal readings for each gauge.
Comparing data over time will also help detect
abnormal operating developments. Significant
chan
ges in the readings should be investigated.
Redu
ction of Particulate Emissions
The Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) and the
Aft
ertreatment Regeneration Device (ARD) work
together in order to reduce particulate emissions. The
DPF collects the soot and any ash that is produced by
the
combustion in the engine. During regeneration,
the soot is converted into a gas which is released into
the atmosphere. The Ash remains in the DPF until
th
e ash is cleaned out of the DPF.
The temperature of the DPF must be above a
pa
rticular value in order for regeneration to occur.
The exhaust gas provides heat for the regeneration
process. There are two types of regeneration:
Passive Regeneration – Is a chemical reaction
within the system and the engine provides sufficient
e
xhaust gas temperature for regeneration.
Active Regener
ation – The engines duty cycle
does not provide sufficient exhaust temperature for
passive regeneration. The ARD operates in order to
raise the temp
erature of the exhaust gas. When the
regeneration process is complete, the ARD turns off.
The operator
will receive information on the status of
the ARD from dash lamps and the driver will be able
to request a regeneration by using a switch. Refer to
this Operat
ion and Maintenance Manual, “Monitoring
System” for more information.
Engine Operation and A ctive
Regenerati
on
Your ARD may perform an active regeneration while
your engin
e is at idle. During this active regeneration
of the DPF, the engine may operate at idle for periods
longer than 5 minutes.
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Diesel Particulate Filter
Regeneration
The temperature of the e xhaust gas and the
temperature of the exhaust system compo-
nents can reach up to 650 °C (1202 °F) during
regeneration. An unexpected failure of the engine
or an unexpected failure of the aftertreatment
system may increase temperature at the diesel
particulate filter to as high as 900 °C (1652 °F)
gas temperature. This may result in fire, burn, or
explosion hazards, which may result in personal
injury or death. Do not expose fl ammable material
or explosive atmospheres to exhaust gas or to
exhaust system components during regeneration.
Regeneration
Regeneration is the removal of soot from the
Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF). The Aftertreatment
Regeneration Device (ARD) is used to regenerate
the DPF. The DPF traps both soot and ash. The
ash is removed through a manual cleaning process.
Refer to Operation and Maintenance Manual, “Diesel
Particulate Filter - Clean” for more information on the
service of the DPF.
Types of Regeneration
Passive Regeneration – Is a chemical reaction
within the system and the engine will create enough
heat in order to regenerate the DPF.