Technical information

3
6
7.
2
I
n
fl
uence o
f
am
bi
ent tem
p
erature on
b
a
ll
asts
a
n
d
lu
m
i
n
ai
r
es
A
s t
h
e am
bi
ent temperature
i
ncreases, t
h
e tempera
-
ture o
f
the luminaire com
p
onents also increases at
the same rate. The lamp reacts to a higher ambient
temperature w
i
t
h
an
i
ncrease
i
n
l
amp vo
l
ta
g
e an
d
l
amp watta
g
e.
Thi
s can acce
l
erate corros
i
on an
d
a
gi
n
g
processes.
A
n
i
ncrease
d
re-
ig
n
i
t
i
on pea
k
can resu
l
t
i
n
f
ailure by the lamp
g
oin
g
o
ff
at an earlier point in the
se
rvi
ce
li
fe.
High
er temperatures at c
h
o
k
e an
d
ig
n
i
t
i
on un
i
t mean
a reduced service li
f
e
f
or these parts or also earlier
f
ailures. The limit temperatures
f
or chokes is
g
enerally
130 °
C
, and 70 °
C
to 105 °
C
for i
g
nition units
(
conside
r
manufacturer’s instructions
)
. A higher ambient temper
-
ature means t
h
at
l
um
i
na
i
res are
i
ncreas
i
n
gl
y sw
i
tc
h
e
d
o
ff
, tri
gg
ered by the thermal protection
.
It can there
f
ore be assumed that the hi
g
h ambient
temperature has a distinctly ne
g
ative in
f
luence on the
service li
f
e o
f
lam
p
s and luminaires
.
Luminaire desi
g
n has a
g
reat in
f
luence on the tem
-
perature o
f
the parts. Heat-
g
eneratin
g
parts such as
c
h
o
k
es
a
n
d
f
ilt
e
r
co
il
s
ca
n
be
m
ou
nt
ed
o
n m
a
t
e
ri
a
l
s
with
g
ood heat conductin
g
properties and adequate
vent
il
at
i
on open
i
n
g
s to ensure t
h
ere
i
s amp
l
e
h
eat
di
ss
i
pat
i
on.
Th
e
g
reatest poss
ibl
e spac
i
n
g
s
h
ou
ld
b
e
k
ept
b
etween
h
eat-sens
i
t
i
ve parts suc
h
as
ig
n
i
t
i
on un
i
t
and capacitors, and heat-
g
eneratin
g
parts. I
f
neces
-
sary,
f
orced cooling should be provided by ventilation
e
l
ements
.
A
t the end o
f
the lamp service li
f
e,
f
ar hi
g
her tempera-
tures t
h
an norma
l
can occur
i
n t
h
e
pi
nc
h
area cause
d
by outer bulb dischar
g
es
(
see also chapter 6.2 “Failure
mechanisms of metal halide lam
p
s”
)
. The socket in the
immediate vicinit
y
o
f
this point must be rated
f
or that
t
empera
t
ure
.
7.3 Lam
p
holde
r
M
eta
l
h
a
lid
e an
d
high
-pressure so
di
um
l
amps
h
ave
man
y
di
ff
erent bases. These include
f
or example RX7s,
Fc2
,
G
8.5
,
G
X10
,
G
X8.5
,
G
U6.5
,
G
12
,
G
22
,
G
Y22
,
E27
,
E40 and K12s, dependin
g
on whether the lamps are
sin
g
le- or double-ended. All sockets must be rated
f
o
r
the typical conditions
f
or dischar
g
e lamps, i.e. hi
g
h
ig
n
i
t
i
on vo
l
ta
g
e an
d
high
temperatures.
I
t
i
s up to t
h
e
user to ma
k
e an a
pp
ro
p
r
i
ate se
l
ect
i
on an
d
to ensure
t
h
at t
h
e
l
amp
h
o
ld
ers are
i
nsta
ll
e
d
correct
l
y accor
di
n
g
to the correspondin
g
re
g
ulations
(
e.
g
. IE
C
60598
/
VDE
0711, IEC 60335 / VDE 0700
)
. Sockets consist of several
parts, each with their own
f
unction limits. Exceedin
g
these limits causes premature
f
ailure o
f
the sockets.
•
I
gn
i
t
i
on vo
l
tages
:
The socket must be rated
f
or the correspondin
g
ig
n
i
t
i
on vo
l
ta
g
e.
Wh
en mount
i
n
g
t
h
e soc
k
et an
d
t
h
e supp
l
y
l
ea
d
s
i
n t
h
e
l
um
i
na
i
re,
i
t
i
s
i
m
p
ortant to cons
id
er t
h
e re-
qu
i
re
d
creepa
g
e
di
stance an
d
c
l
earance, as we
ll
as distances in the insulation. The luminaire IE
C
60598-1 stan
d
ar
d
correspon
di
n
g
to
EN
60598-1
de
f
ines the sa
f
ety requirements
f
or i
g
nition volt
-
a
g
e re
g
ar
di
n
g
creepa
g
e an
d
c
l
earance
di
stances.
Particularly when usin
g
hi
g
h-pressure dischar
g
e
l
amps w
i
t
h
Edi
son
b
ases
E
27 an
d
E
40, care
i
s
requ
i
re
d
to ensure t
h
at t
h
e soc
k
ets are approve
d
for dischar
g
e lamps.
S
uitable sockets are marked
wi
t
h
t
h
e va
l
ue to max.
“
5
kV”
an
d
comp
ly
w
i
t
h
the increased creepa
g
e and clearance distances
re
q
uired in the socket standards IE
C
60238 or
EN 60238
(
VDE 0616 Part 1
)
. In the same wa
y
,
t
h
e ot
h
er
b
ase s
y
stems are su
bj
ect to t
h
e soc
k
et
standards for s
p
ecial sockets IE
C
60838-1 or
EN 60838-1
(
VDE 0616 Part 5
).
•
Tem
p
erature code Txxx
(
continuous use
t
em
p
erature
)
This is the hi
g
hest temperature
f
or which the
socket was desi
g
ned. The temperature o
f
special
holde
r
s
is
m
easu
r
ed
a
t t
he
socke
t
co
nt
ac
t
ac
-
cordin
g
to 60838-1
(
all holders for hi
g
h-pressure
dischar
g
e lamps except Edison sockets
)
. If the
heat resistance o
f
insulation
,
terminals and leads
deviate
f
rom this tem
p
erature limit, then se
p
a-
r
a
t
e
limit v
a
l
ues
a
r
e
s
t
a
t
ed
. In th
e
case
of
E
d
i
so
n
sockets (accordin
g
to IEC 60238 ), the rated
temperature is valid
f
or ever
y
point in and on the
socke
t
.
T
emperature an
d
ig
n
i
t
i
on vo
l
ta
g
e are cr
i
t
i
ca
l
,
b
e-
cause t
h
e e
ff
ects o
f
excee
di
n
g
t
h
e
li
m
i
t va
l
ues are
o
f
ten on
ly
d
etecte
d
a
f
ter a
l
on
g
er per
i
o
d
o
f
t
i
me.
Thi
s resu
l
ts
i
n a su
dd
en, not
g
ra
d
ua
l
,
d
ecrease
i
n
se
rv
ice
life.
Please note that lamps var
y
in watta
g
e
(
permitted
up to +12%
)
and temperature, and that accordin
g
t
o IE
C
60926, i
g
nition units ma
y
g
enerate output
volta
g
es of up to 30% above the nominal value.
C
A
U
TI
O
N : Do not use sockets for incandescent
lamps, e.
g
. E27 or R7s.
S
ockets for dischar
g
e
l
amps must
b
e use
d
to
h
an
dl
e correspon
di
n
g
i
g
nition volta
g
e.