Datasheet

22
LED-KNOW-HOW
LED technolog
y
i
s complex. Knowledge o
f
some o
f
the bas
i
c concepts w
i
ll go a long wa
y
to help
i
ng
y
ou
u
nderstand the pr
i
nc
i
ples
i
nvolved so we have prepared the
f
ollow
i
ng glossary
f
or you
.
A
v
erage
l
amp
lif
e
i
s an average o
f
t
h
e
li
ves o
f
i
n
di
v
id
ua
l
l
amps operate
d
un
d
er stan
d
ar
d
conditions
(
50 % failure = average life
)
. LED lamps have extremely long
lives. However their light output diminishes over time.
OS
RAM defi nes
t
h
e
lif
et
i
me o
f
i
ts
LED
l
amps as t
h
e operat
i
ng t
i
me
i
n w
hi
c
h
t
h
e
LED
lamps produce more than 70
%
of their initial light output. In doing so,
OS
RAM is already following the recommendations of the International
Electrotechnical
C
ommission
(
IE
C)
which is currently working on an
i
nternat
i
ona
l
stan
d
ar
d
b
ase
d
on t
hi
s t
h
res
h
o
ld
va
l
ue.
➔
Fi
g. 2
B
eam ang
le
i
n
di
cates
h
ow
b
roa
dl
y t
h
e
li
g
h
t
i
s em
i
tte
d
f
orwar
d
s
f
rom t
h
e
l
amp an
d
i
s
d
e
fi
ne
d
as t
h
e ang
l
e
b
etween two
li
nes t
h
at exten
d
f
rom t
h
e
LED
l
amp
and intersect the points where luminous intensity is 50
%
of its maximum
va
l
ue.
B
i
nn
i
ng
I
n t
h
e pro
d
uct
i
on o
f
mo
d
ern
hi
g
h
-output
LED
s manu
f
actur
i
ng to
l
erances
are unavo
id
a
bl
e even w
i
t
h
t
h
e sma
ll
est
fl
uctuat
i
ons
i
n t
h
e parameters.
Th
e sem
i
con
d
uctors are t
h
ere
f
ore sorte
d
an
d
c
l
ass
ifi
e
d
a
f
ter pro
d
uct
i
on
accor
di
ng to t
h
e
i
r co
l
or va
l
ues an
d
e
ffi
c
i
enc
i
es.
All
t
h
e
LED
s t
h
at
h
ave
s
i
m
il
ar va
l
ues are p
l
ace
d
i
n t
h
e same
bi
n.
Th
e narrower t
h
e to
l
erances
t
h
e greater t
h
e qua
li
ty o
f
systems t
h
at cons
i
st o
f
more t
h
an one
LED
.
C
a
n
d
e
la
(
Latin for tallow candle
)
is the photometric
S
I base unit for luminous
i
ntens
i
ty an
d
i
s t
h
e
l
um
i
nous
fl
ux em
i
tte
d
b
y a
li
g
h
t source
i
n a part
i
cu
l
a
r
direction
(
the luminous fl ux lm emitted in a particular direction in a solid
angle sr
)
. The symbol is cd
.
C
olor spectrum
&
defi nition of color temperatur
e
Th
e co
l
or spectrum
i
s t
h
at part o
f
t
h
e e
l
ectromagnet
i
c spectrum t
h
at can
be perceived by the human eye without any technical aids
(
approx. 380
to 750 nm
)
. The color temperature is a measure of the color impression
of a light source measured in kelvin
(
K
)
. For LED lamps the color tempe
-
rature typ
i
ca
ll
y ranges
f
rom 2700
K
to 6500
K
.
➔
Fi
g.
1
C
RI
(C
olor Rendering Index
)
i
n
di
cates t
h
e qua
li
ty o
f
co
l
or ren
d
er
i
ng o
f
art
ifi
c
i
a
l
li
g
h
t sources.
Th
e sym
b
o
l
use
d
i
s
R
a
.
Th
e max
i
mum va
l
ue
i
s 100, w
hi
c
h
means no
f
a
l
s
ifi
cat
i
on o
f
co
l
ors
b
y t
h
e
li
g
h
t source.
I
ncan
d
escent
l
amps can ac
hi
eve t
hi
s va
l
ue.
LED
l
amps
h
ave a typ
i
ca
l
va
l
ue o
f
R
a
80,
b
ut can ac
hi
eve
R
a
90 an
d
more
.
D
i
mma
bili
ty
T
he
OS
RAM range includes dimmable LEDs. Most of the conventional
d
immers available on the market
(
leading-edge
/
trailing-edge phase
dimmers
)
have been designed for incandescent lamps and are therefore
r
ated for high minimum loads
(
W
)
than LED lamps offer. There may there
-
f
ore
b
e some restr
i
ct
i
ons
i
n terms o
f
f
unct
i
ona
li
ty.
F
or more
i
n
f
ormat
i
on
on conformity in dimming operations go to www.osram.com
/
di
m
H
eat
S
ink
is the enclosure that serves to remove
/
radiate the heat from the LED
l
amp.
M
ater
i
a
l
s w
i
t
h
goo
d
t
h
erma
l
con
d
uct
i
v
i
ty are use
d
h
ere to trans
f
er
t
h
e
h
eat generate
d
i
ns
id
e t
h
e
l
amp to t
h
e surroun
di
ng a
i
r.
I
nf
rare
d
ra
di
at
i
o
n
(
near IR radiation
)
comprises electromagnetic waves in the spectral range
b
etween v
i
s
ibl
e
li
g
h
t an
d
l
ong-wave tera
h
ertz ra
di
at
i
on.
Hi
g
h
d
oses o
f
near
i
n
f
rare
d
ra
di
at
i
on
i
n part
i
cu
l
ar w
i
t
h
a wave
l
engt
h
o
f
780 to 3000 nm
p
enetrates
d
eep
i
nto an
d
un
d
er
h
uman s
ki
n an
d
can
l
ea
d
to
h
ea
l
t
h
problems.
OS
RAM LED lamps do not emit any near IR radiation.
L
ED
(
Light Emitting Diode
)
is an electronic semiconductor component. If
current
fl
ows t
h
roug
h
t
h
e
di
o
d
e
i
t em
i
ts
li
g
h
t w
i
t
h
a wave
l
engt
h
t
h
at
d
epen
d
s on t
h
e sem
i
con
d
uctor mater
i
a
l
.
L
ens
A
l
ens
i
s an opt
i
ca
l
component w
i
t
h
two re
f
ract
i
ve sur
f
aces, at
l
east one
o
f
w
hi
c
h
i
s e
i
t
h
er convex or concave.
I
n
LED
l
amps t
h
e
f
unct
i
on o
f
a
l
ens
i
s to
f
ocus or
di
sperse t
h
e
li
g
h
t an
d
t
h
ere
f
ore
d
e
fi
ne t
h
e
b
eam ang
l
e.
L
u
men
(
Latin for light or torch
)
is the photometric unit of luminous fl ux. Luminous
fl
ux
i
s a measure o
f
t
h
e ent
i
re v
i
s
ibl
e ra
di
at
i
on em
i
tte
d
b
y a ra
di
at
i
on source
.
R
ecyc
li
ng
OS
RAM LED lamps are extremely durable and do not contain any
mercury.
H
owever
b
ecause t
h
ey conta
i
n e
l
ectron
i
c components t
h
ey
m
ust
b
e
di
spose
d
o
f
as waste e
l
ectr
i
ca
l
an
d
e
l
ectron
i
c equ
i
pment at
t
h
e en
d
o
f
t
h
e
i
r
lif
e.
R
es
i
stance to sw
i
tc
hi
ng trans
i
ent
s
L
ED lamps cannot be switched on and off indefi nitely.
OS
RAM LED
l
amps can to
l
erate 100,000 sw
i
tc
hi
ng cyc
l
es an
d
more
.
T
CO
(
Total
C
ost of
O
wnership
)
TCO
includes all the costs over the entire life of a lamp or for a particular
operat
i
ng t
i
me.
I
t covers procurement costs, re
l
amp
i
ng costs an
d
operating costs
(
power
)
. LED lamps now pay for themselves through
t
h
e
i
r
l
ong
lif
e an
d
l
ow power consumpt
i
on.
➔
Fi
g. 3
K
n
o
w-
ho
w:
A
br
i
e
f
LED glossary
.