Datasheet
cd
/
kl
m
1
500
2
000
C
0-
C
18
0
C
90-
C
27
0
PA
RA
T
A
A
H
O
M
®
MR
16 2
0
4
5˚
60
˚
90
˚
75˚
30
˚
1
5
˚
0˚
15
˚
30
˚
1
2
00
1
600
2
000
2
400
cd/
kl
m
C
0-
C
18
0
C
90-
C
27
0
PA
RA
T
A
A
H
O
M
®
P
AR16 20
PP
4
5
˚
6
0
˚
9
0
˚
75
˚
30
˚
1
5
˚
0˚
15
˚
30
˚
1
500
2
000
2
500
3000
cd
/
kl
m
C0
-
C
1
80
C90
-
C
27
0
PA
RA
T
A
A
H
O
M
®
R50
4
0
45
˚
60
˚
90
˚
75˚
30˚
1
5˚
0
˚ 1
5˚
30˚
2
1
LED KNOW-HOW
L
ED technology
i
s complex. Knowledge o
f
some o
f
the bas
i
c concepts w
i
ll go a long way to help
i
ng you
understand the pr
i
nc
i
ples
i
nvolved so we have prepared the
f
ollow
i
ng glossary
f
or you
.
Know-how: a brief LED glossar
y.
A
verage
l
amp
lif
e
:
i
s t
h
e average o
f
t
h
e
li
ves o
f
i
n
di
v
id
ua
l
l
amps operate
d
un
d
er stan
d
ar
d
conditions
(
50 % failure = average rated life
).
B
e
am ang
le
i
n
di
cates
h
ow
b
roa
dl
y t
h
e
li
g
h
t
i
s em
i
tte
d
f
orwar
d
s
f
rom t
h
e
l
amp an
d
i
s
d
e
fi
ne
d
as t
h
e ang
l
e
b
etween two
li
nes t
h
at exten
d
f
rom t
h
e
LED
l
amp
and intersect the points where luminous intensity is 50
%
of its maximum
v
a
l
ue.
➔
Fi
g. 1
B
i
nn
i
ng
I
n t
h
e pro
d
uct
i
on o
f
mo
d
ern
hi
g
h
-output
LED
s manu
f
actur
i
ng to
l
erances
are unavo
id
a
bl
e even w
i
t
h
t
h
e sma
ll
est
fl
uctuat
i
ons
i
n t
h
e parameters.
Th
e sem
i
con
d
uctors are t
h
ere
f
ore sorte
d
an
d
c
l
ass
ifi
e
d
a
f
ter pro
d
uct
i
on
accor
di
ng to t
h
e
i
r co
l
or va
l
ues an
d
e
ffi
c
i
enc
i
es.
All
t
h
e
LED
s t
h
at
h
ave
s
i
m
il
ar va
l
ues are p
l
ace
d
i
n t
h
e same
bi
n.
Th
e narrower t
h
e to
l
erances
t
h
e greater t
h
e qua
li
ty o
f
systems t
h
at cons
i
st o
f
more t
h
an one
LED.
C
a
n
d
e
la
(
Latin for tallow candle
)
is the photometric
S
I base unit for luminous
i
ntens
i
ty an
d
i
s t
h
e
l
um
i
nous
fl
ux em
i
tte
d
b
y a
li
g
h
t source
i
n a part
i
cu
l
a
r
d
irection
(
the luminous fl ux lm emitted in a particular direction in a solid
angle sr
)
. The symbol is cd
.
C
os
t
s
LED
l
amps are st
ill
more expens
i
ve to purc
h
ase t
h
an
l
amps
b
ase
d
o
n other technologies.
O
ver their lifetime however they are already a
c
ost- effective alternative to incandescent and halogen lamps
(
➔
T
CO)
C
o
lor spectrum
&
defi nition of color temperature
Th
e co
l
or spectrum
i
s t
h
at part o
f
t
h
e e
l
ectromagnet
i
c spectrum t
h
at
c
an be perceived by the human eye without any technical aids
(
approx.
3
80 to 750 nm
)
. The color temperature is a measure of the color im-
pression of a light source measured in kelvin
(
K
)
. For LED lamps the
c
o
l
or temperature typ
i
ca
ll
y ranges
f
rom 2700
K
to 6500
K
.
➔
Fi
g. 2.1 an
d
2.2, page 22
F
i
g. 1:
OS
RAM LED refl ectors have a very similar beam characteristic to comparable halogen and incandescent lamps.