Oracle7 Server Getting Started for Windows NT Release 7.3 Part No.
Oracle7 Server Getting Started for Windows NT , Release 7.3 Part No. A42396–1 Copyright 1996 Oracle Corporation All rights reserved. Printed in the U.S.A. Primary Author: Joseph Garcia Contributors: Mark MacDonald, Uma Murthy, Liff Thomas, Milton Wan, Vivekandha Raja, Prem Kumar, Dave Colello, Linlong Jiang, Tina Marc This software was not developed for use in any nuclear, aviation, mass transit, medical, or other inherently dangerous applications.
Preface T his User’s Guide is your primary source of introductory, installation, and configuration information for Oracle7 Server for Windows NT. Included in this Guide: • introduction to Oracle7 Server for Windows NT • installation instructions • Oracle WebServer 1.
Audience This Guide is necessary for anyone installing, configuring, or administering Oracle7 Server for Windows NT. Prerequisites This Guide assumes that you: • are familiar with the concepts presented in the generic documentation for Oracle7 Server for Windows NT. (See Documentation Roadmap for information about documentation.
Chapter 5 Database Maintenance Instructions for performing ongoing database maintenance tasks using graphical and command–line procedures. Appendix A Documentation Roadmap Details the documentation included in your package, and how you can use it most effectively. Appendix B Directory Structures Directory structures for Windows NT and Windows/Windows95. Additionally, information about the types of possible Oracle WebServer installations is included.
Installation See Installing Oracle7 Server for Windows NT of this Guide and the accompanying Release Notes to answer questions regarding Oracle7 Server for Windows NT installation. Database Administration This Guide contains information about database administration on Windows NT systems. Oracle7 Server Administrator’s Guide contains information on Oracle7 Server database administration not specific to Windows NT.
Conventions Used in this Guide Note these typographical conventions when reading this Guide: Monospace text Type text exactly as shown. Text typed for a command statement is not case sensitive unless noted otherwise. [ ] Brackets enclose optional items or indicate a function key. Do not enter the brackets. | A vertical bar represents an “or” option between several options. You must enter only one of the options. Do not enter the vertical bar.
Additional Information: Highlights text referring you to other parts of the other Oracle documentation. Warning: Highlights text that warns you of actions that could be particularly damaging or fatal to your operations. Reader Comments We value and appreciate your comments as an Oracle user and reader of our manuals. As we write, revise, and evaluate our documentation, your opinions are the most important input we receive. At the back of this Guide is a Reader’s Comment Form.
Contents Chapter 1 Introducing Oracle7 Server for Windows NT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Special Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oracle7 Server for Windows NT Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Feature Highlights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Features Specific to Windows NT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oracle7 Server for Windows NT Product Contents . . . . . . . . . .
Chapter 3 x Oracle7 Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Programmer/2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SQL*Plus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Selective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Options—Windows NT Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Using Oracle Installer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Creating a New Database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Preparing to Create a New Database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Starting an Instance and Creating the Database . . . . . . . . . . Creating Database Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Setting Resource Costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Using the Oracle7 Server Utilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Using Advanced Replication Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 – 8 System Requirements for the Advanced Replication Option 5 – 8 Oracle Tablespace Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 – 8 Initialization Parameters for Advanced Replication . . . . . . 5 – 9 Setup Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 – 9 Other Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Appendix E Messages and Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Logging Error Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installer Error Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Codes 9200–9499: Oracle Database Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Codes 4000–4999: Windows NT–Specific Oracle Messages . . . File I/O Errors: OSD–4000 to OSD–4099 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
xiv Oracle7 Server Getting Started for Windows NT
CHAPTER 1 Introducing Oracle7 Server for Windows NT T his chapter introduces you to Oracle7 Server for Windows NT.
Special Terms Note the following special terms when using this Guide: 1–2 Client A system that runs an Oracle–supported application and connects to the shared database(s) on an Oracle7 Server. Instance The combination of processes that begins each time a database is started. Listener An executable program that enables an Oracle7 Server to accept connections from client workstations.
that help you complete database tasks efficiently. Oracle Database Tools include: Database Manager, User Manager, Object Manager, Session Manager, Database Expander, Import, Export, and SQL*Loader. Server Utilities Oracle7 Server Utilities are included in the server software of your Oracle7 Server for Windows NT package. Oracle7 Server Utilities include: Backup Manager, Recovery Manager, Server Manager, Import, Export, and SQL*Loader (all Windows NT versions).
Volume I: Distributed Data, Oracle7 Server Concepts, Oracle7 Server Administrator’s Guide, and other appropriate documentation (included online with your product). • SDO • Spatial Data Option—separately licensable feature. The Spatial Data Option enables you to store spatial data within the relational database model.
• Instance Manager (GUI version)—a GUI version of Instance Manager is included in this release. All of the functionality of the command line version of Instance Manager has been incorporated into a powerful, easy to use GUI tool. • Performance Monitor—Oracle7 Server for Windows NT uses the Windows NT Performance Monitor to monitor Oracle7 activity. Using Performance Monitor, administrators can monitor the performance of local and remote databases.
Features Specific to Windows NT This Guide describes a number of features unique to Oracle7 Server for Windows NT. This chapter describes those features briefly; more detailed discussions appear later in this Guide. Windows NT Services A service is an executable process installed in the Windows NT Registry database and administered by Windows NT. The Windows NT Registry automatically tracks and records security information for each service you create.
CONNECT INTERNAL command. With Release 7.3, the following two steps ensure database security: • verify that the database connection is secure • assign SYSOPER or SYSDBA privileges to users to whom you want to grant privileged access to the database This procedure enables administrators to track who logs on as SYSOPER and SYSDBA. Rather than logging on as INTERNAL, users log on with their user ID plus the SYSOPER or SYSDBA privileges.
• networking software—software used to provide connectivity among database clients and servers Server—Windows NT Server software includes the RDBMS, utilities, and products that enable you to connect to clients. Here are the major server product components included in this package: Oracle7 Server for Windows NT Release 7.
SQL*Net SQL*Net is the network interface that enables client workstations to communicate with the Oracle7 Server for Windows NT. The SQL*Net suite of products for Oracle7 Server for Windows NT include the following:SQL*Net V2.3: • TCP/IP Adapter V2.3 • Named Pipes Adapter V2.3 • SPX Adapter V2.3 • Oracle Names V1.1 (use with SQL*Net V2) SQL*Plus SQL*Plus for Windows NT is a command language interface enabling you to use the SQL and PL/SQL database languages in the Windows NT environment.
Database Tools The database tools appear as icons in the Program Manager (Explorer for Windows 95).These tools allow you to perform basic database functions from your client machine. See the online Help for more information. Oracle Objects for OLE Oracle Objects for OLE is an object linking and embedding (OLE) application programming interface for use with Microsoft Visual Basic and VBA–enabled applications.
Oracle Networking Software SQL*Net is the Oracle network interface that enables front–end application software on client workstations to: • access data, • modify data, • share data, and • store data on Oracle7 database servers. SQL*Net uses communication protocols and application programming interfaces (APIs) supported by a wide range of networks providing distributed database capabilities for the Oracle7 RDBMS.
case, a server could connect to a client running a protocol different from those available on the server. SQL*Net V2 also supports Oracle Names, which establishes a centrally located database of short aliases representing the full network locations of all databases on the network. Appropriately configured users can access this database at every node on the network over any network protocol supported by SQL*Net.
CHAPTER 2 Installing Oracle7 Server for Windows NT T his chapter covers the following installation topics: • system requirements—server • Windows on Win32 (WOW) • before you install • co–existence of Oracle7 Server for Windows NT and Oracle7 Workgroup Server • installation types • using Oracle Installer • server/client installations • Windows client installations • configuring SQL*Net • separately installing Oracle7 Options • removing Oracle7 products • migrating from earlier releas
A Note on Directories This Guide assumes that all directory names are the default names created during the Oracle7 Server for Windows NT installation process. For example, the Oracle home directory for Windows NT products is assumed to be \ORANT. If your system is set up using different directory names, substitute these names for the default names found in this Guide.
• Available disk space—90 MB of free hard disk space (125 MB if you want to install all of the online documentation onto your hard drive) • a compatible network interface card (NIC), for networked operation • a connected CD–ROM drive, functioning as a logical drive Software Oracle7 Server for Windows NT requires the following software: • Microsoft Windows NT Workstation Version 3.51 OR • Microsoft Windows NT Server Version 3.
Windows on Win32 (WOW) Most products running on Windows NT machines (including Oracle7 Server for Windows NT and the SQL*Net Listener) are 32–bit Windows NT applications. However, you can also use the Windows NT subsystem—Windows on Win32 (WOW)—to use 16–bit Oracle Windows products. (Windows on Win32 is installed automatically when you install the Windows NT operating system.
Before You Install Before you install Oracle7 Server for Windows NT software on your Windows NT server, perform the following tasks appropriate to your installation. First Time Installation For the first time installation of Oracle7 Server for Windows NT on a server containing no previous version of an Oracle Server, verify that the volume on which you plan to install the Oracle7 Server for Windows NT exists and has enough disk space (see System Requirements in this Chapter).
Installation Types—Windows NT The ways in which Oracle7 Server for Windows NT installation for Windows NT server and clients can be performed are described in the following sections. This release of Oracle7 Server for Windows NT offers seven types of Windows NT installations, listed below.
– SQL*Net Protocol Adapters – Oracle Call Interface – Oracle Enterprise Manager – Oracle Installer Oracle7 Server Install your choice of: • Oracle7 Server • Oracle7 Server Options • Oracle WebServer • Oracle7 Utilities • Oracle7 Performance Utility • Oracle Call Interface • Oracle Intelligent Agent • Oracle Enterprise Manager • SQL*Plus • SQL*Net Server • SQL*Net Protocol Adapters (Named Pipes, SPX, TCP/IP) • Oracle Installer Programmer/2000 Install your choice of: • Pro C • Orac
Selective Install your choice of: • Oracle Call Interface • Oracle Documentation • Oracle Enterprise Manager • Oracle Installer • Oracle Pro*C • Oracle WebServer • Oracle7 Database Administration Tools • Oracle7 Performance Utility • Oracle7 Server • Oracle7 Server Options – Oracle7 Advanced Replication Option – Oracle7 Distributed Option – Oracle7 Parallel Query Option – Oracle7 Spatial Data Option • Oracle7 Spatial Data Utilities • Oracle7 Utilities • Required Support Files • SQ
Options—Windows NT Server This release of Oracle7 Server for Windows NT offers the following options: • Distributed Option • Parallel Query Option • Spatial Data Option • Advanced Replication Option Additional Information: For more information on these options, see Introducing Oracle7 Server for Windows NT in this Guide.
However, you should complete Step 2 below to ensure that you use the current release of Oracle Installer to install your Oracle7 Server for Windows NT. 1. Set Up the CD–ROM Drive a. Verify that your CD–ROM drive is properly installed. You can use any CD–ROM drive that can be attached to the Windows NT server (either locally or as a shared resource) as a logical drive to install the Oracle7 Server for Windows NT software.
– Choose the INSTALL directory icon. – Choose the ORAINST.EXE file icon. If you are using Oracle Installer for the first time, it prompts you to select a language. b. Select a language, or choose OK to accept the default language. When you select a language, Oracle Installer sets the NLS_LANG configuration parameter.
When you run Oracle Installer from the Oracle7 Server for Windows NT CD, Oracle Installer prompts you to enter the company name. (If you install Oracle Installer on your computer’s hard drive, you will not receive this prompt during subsequent uses.) The default location of Oracle Home is C:\ORANT, where C:\ is the designator of your local hard drive. Oracle recommends that you use this default setting.
If you choose Oracle Documentation: a. Select Oracle Documentation in the Software Asset Manager to install Oracle Documentation. b. Click the Install button. The Oracle Documentation dialog box appears. c. Choose CD ROM or Hard Drive installation. d. Click OK. Oracle Installer installs the selected products. After the product(s) are installed, you will be prompted to read the Release Notes for the latest information. e. Click OK to dismiss the notification. The Software Asset Manager window reappears.
If you choose Oracle7 Server: a. Select Oracle7 Server in the Software Asset Manager to install the products included in this package. b. Click the Install button. The Oracle7 Server dialog box appears, displaying the products that will be installed. You can de–select products from this list. c. Click OK to begin the installation. The Oracle7 Server for Windows NT Options dialog box appears. d. Select the options for which you are licensed, then click OK.
k. Click OK. The Oracle WebServer Post–Installation dialog box appears displaying the URL you must open to use Oracle7 Server for Windows NT. l. Click OK. The SQL*Net Protocol Adapters dialog box appears. m. Choose the SQL*Net Protocol Adapters you want to install, then click OK. An Oracle dialog box appears displaying the progress of the installation. After the product(s) are installed, you will be prompted to read the Release Notes for the latest information. n. Click OK to dismiss the notification.
If you choose Selective: a. Choose {Selective Product Install} in the Software Asset Manager. You can view the products in this package by double–clicking on the product(s) displaying a plus sign (+) to their left. b. Click the Install button. The Selective Product Install dialog box appears. c. Select the products you want to install. d. Click the OK button. e. Answer questions and make choices in the dialog boxes that appear. An Oracle dialog box appears displaying the progress of the installation.
– Oracle Installer • Database Administrator – Oracle7 Utilities – Database Administration Tools – SQL*Plus – SQL*Net – Oracle Objects for OLE – Oracle7 ODBC Driver – Oracle Call Interface – Oracle Network Manager (Windows only) – Oracle Installer Oracle Documentation Install: • Oracle Documentation • Oracle Installer Selective Install your choice of: • Database Administration Tools • Oracle Call Interface • Oracle Documentation • Oracle Objects for OLE • Oracle7 ODBC Driver • Oracle7 Utilit
Client System Requirements The following sections specify the hardware and software requirements for installing the client software components of the Oracle7 Server for Windows NT from your client workstation. You may need to install additional hardware and software, depending on your network. Hardware Requirements • IBM, Compaq, or 100%–compatible with an 80386 processor or higher • at least 8 MB of memory • hard disk space for the client software and related files.
Insert the Oracle7 Server for Windows NT CD–ROM into your CD–ROM drive. Verify that the drive is mapped to the logical drive you selected and that you can access files on the CD–ROM. The following installation steps assume that the CD–ROM is mapped to the G:\> drive. 2. Install Oracle7 Server for Windows NT Client Products a. To start Oracle Installer for Windows, run Oracle Installer executable, ORAINST.
When you select the language, Oracle Installer sets the NLS_LANG configuration parameter. National Language Support (NLS) can be changed after installation by changing the values for the NLS_LANG configuration parameter and using Oracle Installer to install the message files for the additional language. See National Language Support in this Guide for details on installing additional languages. You can also set NLS for an individual instance using several parameters in the initialization parameter file.
d. Click OK to begin the installation. The SQL*Net Protocol Adapters dialog box appears. e. Choose the SQL*Net Protocol Adapters you want to install, then click OK. An Oracle dialog box appears displaying the progress of the installation. When the installation is complete, a notification dialog box appears prompting you to read the Release Notes for the latest information. f. Click OK to dismiss the notification. The Software Asset Manager window reappears. g.
Note: The questions/dialog boxes that appear will vary depending upon the product choices you make. f. Click OK to dismiss the notification. The Software Asset Manager reappears. g. Click Exit to exit Oracle Installer. Configuring SQL*Net Some of the installation packages allow you to selectively install and automatically configure SQL*Net release 2.3 server networking software. To configure these products, use the Easy Configuration Utility that is automatically installed with your SQL*Net V2.
Additional SQL*Net release 2.3 connections must be manually configured with the Oracle Network Manager. See Oracle Network Manager Administrator’s Guide for information. Note: Oracle7 Server for Windows NT licensing lets you use one release of SQL*Net, and one protocol adapter. Use of more than one protocol and release of SQL*Net is available at an added cost.
2. Choose Remove. Oracle Installer warns you of any product dependencies that might cause problems if particular products are removed, and prompts you to confirm the de–installation. Migrating from Earlier Releases This section contains instructions for migrating databases created using earlier versions of Oracle7 Server for Windows NT. If you currently have data stored in one of the following: • Oracle7 Server for Windows NT database, Versions 7.0, 7.1, or 7.
size (for example, the following SQL statement adds an 8MB file to the SYSTEM tablespace: alter tablespace SYSTEM add datafile ’\’ size 8M; 1. List files for the instance For each instance you want to migrate, make a list of the control, data, and log files for the instance. To get a list of these files for the instance: a. Run Server Manager in line mode. b.
Use orainst.exe to de–install 7.0/7.1/7.2 Server, Required Support Files and Utilities. Refer to the documentation that shipped with your 7.0/7.1/7.2 database for more information about de–installation. Warning: Do not remove the 7.0/7.1/7.2 database files when prompted! Warning: After installing Release 7.3, do not de–install 7.1 (doing so will disrupt your Release 7.3 install). a. Run orainst.exe in line mode. b. From the products list, select: – 7.0/7.1/7.
d. Create the ORACLE_SID value with data type REG_EXPAND_SZ and the SID you chose earlier in the string field. e. 3. Close the Registry. Create and start Oracle Release 7.3 services Create and start an Oracle Release 7.3 instance (without creating a new database) using the command line version of Instance Manager. If you need more information on using the command line version of Instance Manager, see Using Instance Manager for the Command Line.
Using the above example (and if the current control file is in directory c:\orant\rdbms71): Move To c:\orant\rdbms71\ctl1orcl.ora c:\orant\database\ctl1abcd.ora b. Move all of the archive files from %ORACLE_HOME%\rdbms71\ARCHIVE to %ORACLE_HOME%\DATABASE\ARCHIVE The original list of files are: 7.0 7.1 7.2 %rdbms70%\ctl1.ora %rdbms71%\ctl1orcl.ora %oracle_home%\database\ctl1orcl.ora %rdbms70%\dbs1.ora %rdbms71%\sysorcl.ora %oracle_home%\database\sysorcl.ora %rdbms70%\log1.
Into: \DATABASE\INITsid.ORA b. Edit the CONTROL_FILES parameter in the Release 7.3 initialization file for the instance (that is, %ORACLE_HOME%\DATABASE\INITsid.ORA), to reflect the changes to the filename. Note: The control file is now in the directory %ORACLE_HOME%\DATABASE. Example: Using the above example: Change this . . . To this . . . CONTROL_FILES = (%RDBMS70%\ctl1.ora) CONTROL_FILES = (%ORACLE_HOME%\DATABASE\ctl1abcd.ora) CONTROL_FILES = (%RDBMS71_CONTROL%\ctl1.ora, %RDBMS71_ARCHIVE%\ctl1.
SVRMGR> connect internal/ SVRMGR> startup exclusive mount Note: If you have your own database file structure, go to Step 4 (you have neither moved nor renamed your files). c. Enter the altered database statement at the Server Manager prompt to change the full pathnames of the data and log files. Following are 7.0 and 7.1 examples for migrating the default SID. Your statement should match your actual files. 7.0 7.
7.0.15 to 7.3 7.1.3 to 7.3 7.2.2 to 7.3 SVRMGR> alter database open; SVRMGR> alter database open; SVRMGR> alter database open; SVRMGR> @%RDBMS73%\ADMIN\cat70101 SVRMGR> @%RDBMS73%\ADMIN\cat70102 SVRMGR> @%RDBMS73%\ADMIN\cat7103 SVRMGR> @%RDBMS73%\ADMIN\cat7201.sql SVRMGR> @%RDBMS73%\ADMIN\cat7201.sql SVRMGR> @%RDBMS73%\ADMIN\cat7203.sql SVRMGR> @%RDBMS73%\ADMIN\cat7301 SVRMGR> @%RDBMS73%\ADMIN\cat7301 SVRMGR> @%RDBMS73%\ADMIN\cat7301 SVRMGR> @%RDBMS73%\ADMIN\cat7302.
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CHAPTER 3 Using Oracle7 Server for Windows NT T his chapter describes how to set up and use the Oracle7 Server for Windows NT.
Overview of Database Administration Tasks This section introduces you to the starter database installed during the Oracle7 Server for Windows NT installation. It shows you how to modify the starter database or create a new database of your own. Note: Database creation is an advanced function; Oracle recommends that you use the starter database and modify it to suit your needs. What is an Instance? An Oracle instance is a logical term that refers to an Oracle service and a database server.
Note: The starter database is installed to operate in NOARCHIVELOG mode. If you wish to archive redo log files, see Setting the Archivelog Mode and Recovering the Database later in this Guide. Admin. Guide Starter Database Tablespace Structure Additional Information: You can protect your database from a disk drive malfunction by keeping (on separate physical drives) multiple control files for each database and setting the CONTROL_FILES initialization parameter to list each control file.
Starter Database Files The starter database contains the following database files: SYS1ORCL.ORA USR1ORCL.ORA RBS1ORCL.ORA database files of the SYSTEM, USER_DATA, TEMPORARY_DATA, and ROLLBACK_DATA tablespaces. TMP1ORCL.ORA INITORCL.ORA Server Alert Files LOG1ORCL.ORA LOG2ORCL.ORA redo log files for the database. CTL1ORCL.ORA the database control file, containing the database name, the names and locations of the data files and redo log files, and the time stamp of database creation.
Oracle Services When you start or reboot the server machine, Oracle services are started.
Instance Manager Instance Manager is a graphical tool used to create and modify instances. This section describes how to create and modify Oracle instances using Instance Manager. Creating an Instance (and Database) with Instance Manager Creating Oracle instances includes creating an Oracle service(s) and a database. Follow these steps: Warning: When you create an instance using Instance Manager, a new database is automatically created.
The New Instance dialog box appears. 3. Type a SID (up to four characters; remember that each SID must be unique). 4. Type the DBA Authorization Password. 5. Confirm the DBA Authorization Password. 6. Type the Maximum Number of DBA/Operators. 7. Choose whether to start the Services and/or Instance after creation. These selections are for specifying starting the Services and/or Instance immediately after creation. By default, both are selected. 8. Choose Automatic or Manual Instance Startup Mode.
views) and catproc.sql (if you will be using PL/SQL). If you choose Yes, Instance Manager spawns Server Manager and runs these scripts in the background. ☞ Attention: For information on the GUI version (32–bit) Instance Manager, see the following section. For information on the command line version of Instance Manager, see the appendix, Using the Instance Manager from the Command Line in this Guide. Changing Passwords You can use Instance Manager to change Instance passwords.
Advanced Parameters From the New Instance dialog box, choose Advanced. The Advanced Parameters dialog box appears. Instance Manager enables you to customize creation of new databases. Note: Remember that creating new databases is an advanced task. The following table explains the parameters in the Advanced Parameters dialog box.
Parameter Description LOGFILE filespec Specify the redo log filenames to be created and maintained. If you omit this parameter, Oracle7 creates two log files (the minimum): LOG1sid.ORA and LOG2sid.ORA. The default size of each log file is 50K; there is no maximum size. MAXLOGFILES integer Maximum number of redo log files the database will create (2 MAXLOGFILES are created by default). The default value is 32; the range is 2 to 255 log files.
Starting a Database Using Instance Manager Databases can be started using Instance Manager (by selecting the Services and Instance checkboxes in Startup After Creation), or from ORADIM73 command line mode. Starting a Database Using Server Manager To start the database using Server Manager, follow these steps: 1. Start Server Manager by typing (at the command prompt): C:\>SVRMGR73 2.
Delete an Instance To delete an instance: Warning: Deleting an instance also deletes the database! 1. Select the instance you wish to delete in the Instance Manager dialog box. 2. Choose the Delete button. 3. Choose Yes to confirm the deletion. Running Multiple Instances To run multiple instances, you must ensure that you have already created each instance and started the services for each instance using the Instance Manager (use the Instance Manager to create and delete instances).
Creating an Instance The Instance Manager command line tool is run with the ORADIM73.EXE executable. To use this tool, from the command line, type ORADIM73, followed by appropriate commands and arguments (listed below). Note: If you enter ORADIM73 or ORADIM73.EXE at the command line followed by a return (that is, without any commands), you start the graphical tool. Likewise, if you type “ORADIM73” followed by an invalid command, you start the graphical tool.
where sid is the system identifier (SID) of the database, SRVC,INST indicates that both the services and the instance are to be started (if applicable). Creating a New Database After you complete an Oracle7 Server installation of Oracle7 Server for Windows NT, you install a starter database. If you chose Selective Install and did not install a starter database, you must create your own database.
Do you want to replace the starter database? Yes No Use EXP to export data Shut down the instance Use the Instance Manager to create an instance Delete database files Create/edit .SQL scripts Start the instance Run Server Mgr & the SQL scripts Use IMP to import data If you have installed Oracle7 Server for Windows NT without the starter database or if you are creating an additional database, you must create a separate Oracle instance.
Oracle7 Utilities 2. Additional Information: When you run the EXP utility from Windows NT workstations, the BUFFER parameter defaults to a value of 4K, and the RECORDLENGTH parameter defaults to 2K. See Oracle7 Server Utilities for more information about EXP. Start Server Manager from the console and connect with your user name and password: C:\>SVRMGR73 [MODE=LINE] 3. Shut down your Oracle7 Server for Windows NT using Database Manager or the Server Manager SHUTDOWN command.
☞ Attention: The CONTROL_FILES parameter in the INITsid.ORA file must specify the complete path(s) of control file(s), including drive designators. For example: CONTROL_FILES = (D:\MY_ORACLE_HOME\DATABASE\CTL1ABC.ORA) OR CONTROL_FILES = (%RDBMS73%\DATABASE\CTL1ABC.ORA) Warning: %RDBMS73% is instantiated by Oracle to a directory with the drive designator stated above. If a drive letter(s) is not provided, Oracle will not start properly. ☞ 8.
Starting an Instance and Creating the Database Follow these steps to create a new database: 1. Start the instance with the Instance Manager, or follow the instructions in the Oracle Service section earlier in this chapter. 2. Set the Oracle SID environment variable to equal the SID. For example: SET ORACLE_SID=ABC If you will use this instance often, you can set the ORACLE_SID key to equal the SID in the Windows NT Registry. To do this, start the Registry’s editor, choose Software and Oracle. 3.
You should also run any other SQL scripts at this time. All SQL scripts for Oracle7 Server for Windows NT are stored in \ORANT\RDBMSnn\ADMIN. ☞ Attention: See Advanced Replication Option if you will be creating a database for Advanced Replication at this time. Additional Information: Admin.
Creating Database Objects Once you have created new database files, as described in Chapter 3 of this Guide, you can create new database objects including: • tables • clusters • indexes • views • roles Admin. Guide Additional Information: See Oracle7 Server Administrator’s Guide for guidelines on creating database objects. In particular, see the section that provides equations for estimating the space requirements for clusters, nonclustered tables, and indexes.
• CPU time used by each user’s session on the server machine Additional Information: See Oracle7 Server Administrator’s Guide for details on setting resource costs. Admin. Guide Using the Oracle7 Server Utilities The Oracle7 Server utilities enable you to move data to and from an Oracle database and administer database–related functions. For example, SQL*Loader lets you load data from ASCII text files and other file formats into an Oracle7 Server for Windows NT database.
C:\> EXP73 [options] Import Use the Import utility to import database tables and other objects that you exported using the Export utility. To start Import, type: C:\> IMP73 [options] See Oracle7 Server Utilities for complete usage instructions and command–line options available for Export and Import. BUFFER and RECORDLENGTH Defaults When running the Export and Import utilities from the Oracle7 Server for Windows NT, note that the default values for certain parameters are operating–system specific.
Utilities. The directory \ORANT\RDBMS73\LOADER contains a number of examples on the use of SQL*Loader. Control File Conventions When preparing a SQL*Loader control file, you must follow certain syntax and notational conventions. For general information on the use and syntax of control files, refer to Oracle7 Server Utilities. Native Datatypes When specifying datatypes in the SQL*Loader control file, note that the default size of native datatypes are specific to Windows NT.
Instance Manager Command Line Commands This section describes the ORADIM73 commands and parameters. Note that each command is preceded by a dash. –NEW Create an instance by specifying the following parameters: –NEW –SID [–INTPWD ] [–MAXUSERS ] [–STARTMODE ] [–PFILE ] • –SID is mandatory; sid is the system identifier (SID). The remaining parameters are optional. • For internal_pwd specify the password for the INTERNAL account.
–STARTUP To start an instance, specify the following parameters: –STARTUP –SID –PFILE [–USRPWD ] –STARTTYPE • For sid, specify the system identifier (SID). • For user_pwd, specify the password for the user account specified. (Not needed if the user has connected as INTERNAL and either the DBA_AUTHORIZATION or DBA_sid_AUTHORIZATION parameter is set to BYPASS.) • For –STARTTYPE, specify SRVC for services, INST for instance, or both.
ORADIM Log When you use ORADIM73 in command line mode, Instance Manager opens a log file (ORADIM73.LOG) in: %ORACLE_HOME%\\RDBMS73. All operations (both successful and failed) are logged in this file. You must check this file to verify the success of an operation.
CHAPTER 4 Getting the Most out of Integration with Windows NT T his chapter describes ways in which the tight integration between Oracle7 Server for Windows NT and the Windows NT operating system.
Oracle7 and the Windows NT Performance Monitor Oracle7 Server for Windows NT takes advantage of the Windows NT Performance Monitor to help you keep track of, and measure the performance of your database. The following descriptions include Oracle–specific information about Performance Monitor. • If no data or Oracle objects appear, either the database is down, or an invalid host string or password has been entered.
Additional Information: For more information on the Performance Monitor, see your operating system documentation. Additional Information: For more information on the meaning of Windows NT Performance Monitor results, and what you can do about your database performance, see Oracle7 Server Tuning and your operating system documentation. Performance Monitor Objects Performance Monitor objects are detailed below.
Note: The percentage is calculated as a Miss ratio: Reducing Buffer Cache Misses expresses the calculation as a High ratio. Tuning I/O Object: Oracle7 Data Files The Data Files object contains two counters per data file instance, the phyrds/sec and phywrts/sec counters. These values are time derived. See Reducing Disk Contention in Oracle7 Server Tuning. Object: Oracle7 Dynamic Space Management The Dynamic Space Management object contains one counter, the recursive/calls per second counter.
Event Viewer The Windows NT Event Viewer displays warnings and errors about the Oracle7 database. As with other events displayed in the Event Viewer, you can double–click on them to display more detailed error information. Note: The Windows NT Event Viewer displays the same information contained in ALERT.LOG. Additional Information: For more information on using the Windows NT Event Viewer, see your operating system documentation.
found, the user is granted or denied privileged access to the database • REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE=SHARED: The SHARED value of this parameter affords backward compatibility with earlier releases of Oracle7. Oracle7 looks for the same files as it does when the value is EXCLUSIVE, but only the INTERNAL account is available for privileged access. Users will not be able to log in with SYSOPER or SYSDBA privileges even if those privileges are granted in the password file.
Creating Password Files You create password files with the Instance Manager, as part of the process of creating an instance. The two essential elements of a password file you specify with the Instance Manager are: • the password for the INTERNAL account for that instance • the maximum number of users to whom you wish to grant SYSOPER or SYSDBA privileges The Instance Manager creates (in \ORANT\DATABASE) a password file with the name PWDsid.ORA, where sid is the system identifier (SID).
For example, to enroll a user whose NT username is FRANK, when the OS_AUTHENT_PREFIX id set to XYZ, enter: SVRMGR> CREATE USER XYZFRANK INDENTIFIED EXTERNALLY; Subsequently, if you are accessing a shared resource from a Windows NT or Windows 95 station, and you connect to Oracle, you need not enter your Oracle username. For example, after you enter SVRMGR you can enter: CONNECT /<@destination> at the SVRMGR prompt.
One INITsid.ORA parameter must be properly set before Windows NT groups can be used to grant a database role: OS_ROLES must be set to TRUE. The default setting for this parameter is FALSE. Unless set to TRUE, Windows NT groups cannot be used to grant a database role. 1. Set the INITsid.ORA parameter OS_ROLES to be TRUE 2. Start or restart the database instance 3. Create and add users using the Windows NT USER MANAGER.
• ORA_ORCL_RESOURCE_D (predefined ROLE; active even if OS ROLES is false) In this example, when a database user connects to the Oracle7 Server using an automatic authenticated account whose user id is also included in the above NT Groups (ORA_ORCL_CONNECT_DA and ORA_ORCL_RESOURCE_D are the default roles) ORA_ORCL_UPDATEUSERS_A and ORA_ORCL_VIEWUSERS are available for use by the user through the SET ROLE command. Additionally, users can grant ORA_ORCL_UPDATEUSER_A and ORA_ORCL_CONNECT_DA to other roles.
username being NTUSER2), then the following takes place when the user issues the command SVRMGR> connect / as sysdba Oracle will search for the username NTUSER2 in group ORA_ORCL_DBA. If found, the user will be given DBA privileges. If not found Oracle will check the global group ORA_DBA.
4 – 12 Oracle7 Server Getting Started for Windows NT
CHAPTER 5 Database Administration T his chapter explains how to perform the following routine database tasks using the Oracle7 Utilities for Windows NT: • backup manager • hot database file backup • recovery manager • refreshing table snapshots • using trace and alert files • logging error messages • advanced replication option • SQL language conventions SQL language conventions specific to Windows NT are discussed at the end of this chapter.
Backup Manager Backup Manager is one of the Windows NT–based database management tools included with Oracle7 Server for Windows NT. Use it to back up your Oracle7 database. The Backup Manager runs in two modes (depending upon the status of the database and the Support Recovery option), located on the Configure Initialization Parameters dialog box of Database Manager.
where nn indicates the version of OCOPY Release 7.3 or later, old_file specifies the name and location of the open file you want to back up, and new_file specifies the name and location for the backup copy. Note: OCOPY also accepts two other optional command line options, a and size_1 [size_n]. These command line options should not be used to make backups of database files. OCOPY can also back up large open files directly to multiple diskettes.
Backing Up RAW Files This section describes how to back up Logical RAW files and Physical RAW files. Logical RAW Files To back up Logical RAW files, use the following syntax: C:\>OCOPYnn \\.\C: new_file C:\>OCOPYnn /B \\.\C: a: where c: represents the raw drive, which holds a single RAW database file. If you use a different drive as your raw drive, substitute it for c:. Physical RAW Files To back up Physical RAW files, use the following syntax: C:\>OCOPYnn \\.\physicaldriveN: new_file C:\>OCOPYnn /B \\.
Using Trace and Alert Files Oracle7 Server for Windows NT background threads use trace files to record occurrences and exceptions of database operations, as well as errors. Background thread trace files are created regardless of whether the BACKGROUND_DUMP_DEST parameter is set in the initialization parameter file. If BACKGROUND_DUMP_DEST is set, the trace files are stored in that directory. If the parameter is not set, the trace files are stored in the \ORANT\RDBMSnn\TRACE directory.
you might use the following syntax to redirect the output from the EXP73 utility: C:\>EXP73 username/password PARFILE=filename 1>FILE1.LOG 2>FILE2.ERR In this command line, FILE1.LOG receives the standard output from EXP, while FILE2.ERR receives the standard error. Refreshing Table Snapshots Oracle7 Server for Windows NT allows you to create copies of a remote database table. These copies, referred to as table snapshots, can reside on multiple nodes of a distributed database.
Advanced Replication Option This section includes details not contained in the source documents for the Advanced Replication Option. Advanced Replication Additional Information: There are many configuration and usage possibilities with Advanced Replication. For more information about Advanced Replication, see Oracle7 Server Distributed Systems, Volume II: Replicated Data, Oracle7 Server Concepts, Oracle7 Server Administrator’s Guide, and other appropriate documentation.
replication option during Release 7.3 installation (see Installation in this Guide). Using Advanced Replication Option Caution: The Advanced Replication Option is an advanced feature. Please consult your Oracle7 Server Distributed Systems, Volume II: Replicated Data documentation for concepts and details before proceeding. Consult with Oracle Consulting if necessary.
Initialization Parameters for Advanced Replication The following initialization parameters must be set or added to the INITsid.ORA file (recommended values are included): Master Site Parameters Parameter Name Recommended Value COMPATIBLE 7.3.
To confirm that CATREP ran correctly, run a query on ALL_OBJECTS where STATUS = ’INVALID’. (ie: SELECT * FROM ALL_OBJECTS WHERE STATUS = ’INVALID’;) If you find that any of the package bodies ran incorrectly, rerun them manually. Here is the syntax for running them manually: ALTER PACKAGE COMPILE BODY; If CATREP.SQL has run successfully, a number of replication tables are made in the SYSTEM subdirectory. The database is now set up for Advanced Replication.
SQL*Language Conventions The Oracle7 Server SQL Reference describes all aspects of Oracle’s implementation of the SQL language. Certain features of SQL have operating system–specific variations. ROWID Datatype The ROWID datatype provides a hexadecimal address of each row in a database table. The format of the ROWID datatype is: block.row.file where block, row, and file are hexadecimal addresses that indicate the data block, row, and database file of the queried row.
5 – 12 Oracle7 Server Getting Started for Windows NT
APPENDIX A Documentation Roadmap appendix describes the documentation set included in your package. T his It covers the following topics: • documentation catalog • using the documentation • roadmap • documentation sets Note: Documentation may be included in your package detailing products that you did not buy/license.
Documentation Catalog The following table lists the online documentation included with your Oracle7 Server for Windows NT package. The documentation is in Adobe Acrobat format. You can install the Adobe Acrobat files onto your hard drive, or leave them on the CD–ROM. At the end of server installation, you will be prompted to install Adobe Acrobat using the Adobe installer (included).
Product Name Product Documentation Oracle Enterprise Manager Administrator’s Guide Oracle Enterprise Manager for Windows NT Installation Release Notes Oracle Enterprise Manager Concepts Guide Oracle Enterprise Manager Application Developer’s Guide SQL*Plus SQL*Plus User’s Guide and Reference SQL*Plus Quick Reference SQL*Plus for Windows Installation Guide SQL*Plus for Windows NT/95 User’s Guide Oracle WebServer Oracle WebServer User’s Guide SQL*Net Understanding SQL*Net Oracle Network Products Messa
Roadmap Start Here SL Qa L n g u a g e A p p l D e v C o n c e p t s U t i l i t i e s M i A g d r m a i t n e Oracle7 Server for Windows NT Getting Started Install, Configure, & Use Oracle7 Server and NT Client Oracle Network Products for Windows NT/95 User’s Guide SQL*Plus for Windows NT/95 User’s Guide Administer Oracle7 Server Oracle7 Server for Windows NT Getting Started Oracle Names Administrator’s Guide Install & Use Windows or OS/2 Client Understanding SQL*Net Oracle7 Server Utilities Ora
Documentation Sets Your Oracle documentation is divided into the following sets: • Installation Guides • RDBMS • Networking • Programmer 2000 Note: Oracle product documentation is provided in electronic (Adobe Acrobat) format only (except for this Guide and Oracle Network Products for Windows NT/95 Installation and User’s Guide which are also provided as hard copy documents). You can order hard copy books of Oracle product documentation by contacting Documentation Sales at 800.252.0303.
SQL*Plus for Windows NT/95 Installation and User’s Guide Operating system-specific information about the installation, use, and administration of SQL*Plus for Windows NT. SQL*Plus for Windows Installation and User’s Guide Information to help you get started with SQL*Plus. Specifically, it covers setup/installation, the SQL*Plus for Windows menu interface, and SQL*Plus in the Microsoft Windows environment.
and the following special options: Distributed, Advanced Replication, Parallel Query, WebServer, Spatial Data, and Parallel Server options. Oracle7 Server Administrator’s Guide Describes how to manage the Oracle7 Server. Information in this Guide applies to the Oracle7 Server, running on all operating systems. It provides information about the base Oracle Server and the following special options: Distributed, Advanced Replication, and Parallel Server options.
Oracle7 Server Reference Provides reference information about Oracle7 Server release 7.3, including: • initialization parameters • data dictionary views • National Language Support (NLS) • National Language Support Utilities • database limits • Structured Query Language (SQL) scripts Oracle7 Server Utilities Describes the basic concepts of, and how to use the Export, Import, SQL*Loader, and Server Manager Oracle7 Server utilities for data transfer, maintenance, and database administration.
and applications in a distributed environment. This manual is intended to help you understand the concepts of distributed systems, and to aid you in database and network administration in a distributed system. Oracle7 Server Distributed Systems, Volume II: Replicated Data Describes the Oracle7 Server features available to support advanced distributed applications. Information in this manual applies to the Oracle7 Server, running on all operating systems.
Programmer’s Guide to the Oracle Pro*C Precompiler Comprehensive user’s guide and on–the–job reference to the Oracle Pro*C/C++ Precompiler release 2.1. It shows you how to use the database language SQL and Oracle’s procedural extension (PL/SQL) in conjunction with Pro*C to manipulate data in an Oracle7 database. It explores a full range of topics––from underlying concepts to advanced programming techniques––and uses hands–on examples to teach you all you need to know.
Understanding SQL*Net Provides the information you need to understand and use SQL*Net Release 2.3. This guide describes or provides: • an overview of SQL*Net • a detailed description of the SQL*Net Release 2.
meant to be used in conjunction with Oracle platform–specific documentation, you will also need to refer to the port–specific guide for your particular platform for information on how to install and configure Secure Network Services. SQL*Plus User’s Guide and Reference Introduces the SQL*Plus program and its uses. It also provides a detailed description of each SQL*Plus command. Oracle Server Manager User’s Guide Describes how to use Oracle Server Manager, Oracle’s database administration tool.
platform. Other documentation about Oracle Enterprise Manager includes: Oracle Enterprise Manager Performance Monitoring User’s Guide, Oracle Enterprise Manager for Windows NT Installation Release Notes, and Oracle Enterprise Manager Application Developer’s Guide Using Oracle Documentation After installation, you can view and print the online documentation by double–clicking the Adobe Acrobat icon in your Oracle Program Group.
A – 14 Oracle7 Server Getting Started for Windows NT
APPENDIX B Oracle7 Server Directory Structures racle Installer creates top–level directories on your hard disk. For O Windows NT, the default home directory is \ORANT. The default Oracle home directory for Windows is named \ORAWIN; for Windows 95, it is \ORAWIN95. This section describes the directory structures created by the installation procedures appearing earlier in this guide.
Windows NT Directory Structure Oracle Installer places all Oracle products for Windows NT into subdirectories of \ORANT. The actual directory names vary according to the different products you install. The letters nn designate the version number of the product installed. For example, if you have installed Version 7.0 (or 7.1/7.2) of the Oracle7 Server for Windows NT, an \RDBMS70 (or 7.1/7.2) subdirectory under \ORANT already exists. If you now install Release 7.
Directory Structure Directory Name Directory Contents \BIN executable, DLL, icon, and library files, such as the Oracle7 RDBMS, Server Manager, SQL*Net, and Utilities. \DATABASE Oracle7 RDBMS database, password, and initialization files. \RDBMSnn\ADMIN Oracle7 RDBMS SQL scripts. Use SQL scripts to create data dictionary tables/views, and other views used by Oracle software. \RDBMSnn\LOADER sample files for SQL*Loader.
Windows/ Windows 95 Directory Structure You install Windows products on your Windows NT server machine using Oracle Installer for Windows. Oracle Installer places all Oracle for Windows products into subdirectories of \ORAWIN. (\ORAWIN95 for Windows 95) The actual directory names vary depending on the different products that you install. Directory Structure B–4 Directory Name Directory Contents \BIN executable, DLL, and batch files for the Oracle Windows tools and the SQL*Net networking software.
Oracle WebServer Installation Types Oracle WebServer 1.0 can be installed in one of two ways: • Oracle WebServer 1.0 and Oracle7 database on a single machine • Oracle WebServer 1.0 and Oracle7 database on separate machines Single–Machine Installation In a single machine installation, Oracle WebServer and the Oracle7 database reside on the same machine. Communications between the Oracle Web Agent and the Oracle7 Database Server are through a two–task driver.
B–6 Oracle7 Server Getting Started for Windows NT
APPENDIX C Initialization Parameter Files racle7 Server for Windows NT uses initialization parameters to O determine various features of the database every time an instance is started. This appendix: • describes initialization parameter files • specifies the parameters you need to set at the time you create a database • lists default values and valid ranges for parameters that have special characteristics under Windows NT Admin.
What Is an Initialization Parameter File? An initialization parameter file is an ASCII text file containing a list of parameters. Every instance has a corresponding initialization parameter file and ORACLE_SID parameter. The initialization parameter filenames take the form INITsid.ORA, where sid is the name of the instance. For example, the initialization parameter file for the initial database is named INITORCL.ORA, because the initial database SID is ORCL.
The annotated, sample initialization parameter file contains alternative values for the initialization parameters. These values and the annotations are preceded by comment signs (#), which prevent them from being processed. To activate a particular parameter, remove the preceding # sign. When you no longer want to use a particular parameter, edit the initialization parameter file to add a comment sign.
control file for the initial database, CTL1ORCL.ORA, in \ORANT\DATABASE. If you created your database with the CREATE DATABASE command, Oracle7 Server for Windows NT creates the control file, CTL1sid.ORA, where sid is the SID of that database. At least two (identical) control files, each located on a separate storage device, should be used. The size of Oracle7 Server for Windows NT control files vary according to the complexity of your database structure.
Parameter Name Default Value Range of Values OPEN_CURSORS 50 1 – Unlimited OS_AUTHENT_PREFIX OPS$ any character string PROCESSES 25 3 – Unlimited REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE shared shared, exclusive, none SHARED_POOL_SIZE 6,500,000 300K – Unlimited SORT_AREA_SIZE 65536 0 – Unlimited SORT_READ_FAC 20 0 – Unlimited SORT_SPACEMAP_SIZE 512 0 – Unlimited TEMPORARY_TABLE_LOCKS SESSIONS 0 – Unlimited TRANSACTIONS_PER_ROLLBACK_SEGMENT 30 1 – 255 USER_DUMP_DEST %RDBMSnn%\TRACE Any va
C–6 Oracle7 Server Getting Started for Windows NT
APPENDIX D Configuration Parameters and the Windows NT Registry T he Windows NT Registry stores the Oracle configuration parameters. This appendix describes only the configuration parameters applying to your Oracle7 Server for Windows NT and SQL*Net listener service.
About Configuration Parameters Oracle software uses configuration parameters to locate files and specify runtime parameters common to all Oracle products. When an Oracle program or application requires a translation for a particular configuration variable, the Oracle7 Server for Windows NT consults the associated parameter. Editing Configuration Parameters You can set configuration parameters on your Windows NT Server machine three ways.
where parameter_name is the name of the parameter and parameter_value is the value you choose. Note: A value set at the command prompt is valid for only that particular instance of the command prompt. Any Oracle software you run during that instance recognizes the values set at the command prompt, and does not search for corresponding values in the Windows NT Registry or in AUTOEXEC.BAT.
ORACLE_GROUP_NAME Operating System: Windows NT Default: Oracle for Windows NT Legal Values: any ASCII string This parameter specifies the name of the group containing icons of the Oracle products installed. The parameter is added to your Windows NT Registry when you first install Oracle products, even if the Installer does not create a program group for the Oracle products you have installed (e.g., if you have installed only SQL*Net software).
CLASS:high;DEF:time_critical Setting the Oracle process and the threads within it to other priorities may result in performance degradation.
This parameter specifies the mode in which Server Manager starts from the command line. ORA_SVRMGR_TERM Operating System: Windows NT Default: none Legal Values: any valid terminal name, such as “BIOS,” “BIOSM” This parameter specifies the default terminal mapping to use in Server Manager. Note: The suffix “M” indicates monochrome.
Networking Parameters The following parameter applies to the SQL*Net V1 for Windows NT products used on your Oracle7 Server for Windows NT machine. Note: None of the configuration parameters stored in the NT Registry are associated with SQL*Net V2.
NMP_MIN_CLIENTS Operating System: Windows NT SQL*Net: SQL*Net: Default: 5 Legal Values: 1 to NMP_MAX_CLIENTS NMP_MIN_CLIENTS is the number of listener threads that will be pre–spawned by the server at startup. Note: Setting this parameter to zero causes the parameter to take its default value. NMP_FREE_CLIENTS Operating System: Windows NT SQL*Net: Version 1.
NMP_SPAWN_DELAY Operating System: Windows NT SQL*Net: Version 1.1 of SQL*Net Named Pipes Default: 0 milliseconds (ms) Legal Values: 1 to any positive integer (ms) NMP_SPAWN_DELAY is the length of time that the server waits between creating batches of listener threads. Note: Setting this parameter to zero causes the parameter to take its default value.
SVRMGR>CONNECT username/password@p: The connect string includes only the network prefix (p:), which matches the network prefix specified in the above REMOTE parameter. Therefore, Server Manager automatically uses the REMOTE parameter to complete the connection to the HOUSTON database. This configuration parameter enables the DBA to define a network connection for which the SQL*Net user need not specify connection parameters. Note: You can reset this parameter on the command line at any time.
APPENDIX E Messages and Codes T his appendix lists error messages and codes that are specific to installation and operation of Oracle7 Server for Windows NT. The error message descriptions in this appendix list possible causes for the errors and suggest corrective actions. The information in this appendix does not duplicate information in Oracle7 Server Messages. This appendix is divided into the sections listed below.
Logging Error Messages You can keep a log of the error messages you receive from the Oracle7 Server for Windows NT utilities by redirecting the messages to a file. You can record the contents of normal utility messages by using the LOGFILE parameter discussed in the Oracle7 Server Utilities. You can separately record the error message portion by using standard Windows NT file redirection.
FILE_NOT_FOUND Cause It was not possible to locate a file on the source or destination media. Action Run a utility program to locate any problems with the source or destination media; the media could be the CD–ROM drive, a network drive, or a floppy drive. INVALID_FILE_NAME Cause The file or directory name or volume label specified in the full message is syntactically incorrect. Action Respecify the file, directory, or volume using correct syntax.
READ_ERROR Cause A problem has been detected on the source or destination media while executing an I/O operation. Action 1: If in a network environment, verify that you have read permission for the networked file. 2: Run a utility program to locate any problems with the source or destination media; the media could be the CD–ROM drive, a network drive, or a floppy drive. RECALIBRATION_FAILURE Cause A hardware problem has been detected on the hard drive to which you are installing.
WRITE_PROTECTED Cause The file or directory specified in the full message—in which Oracle software is to be installed—is write protected. Action Remove the write–protection from the specified file or directory. Codes 9200–9499: Oracle Database Messages The messages in this section are Oracle messages issued by the database. Each one is triggered by an Oracle operating–system–dependent (OSD) message specific to Windows NT specifying the error condition signal.
E–6 ORA–09212 sfwfbmt: error writing to file ORA–09213 slgfn: error fabricating file name ORA–09214 sfdone: I/O error detected ORA–09215 sfqio: error detected in I/O completion routine ORA–09216 sdnfy: bad value ’%s’ for parameter %s ORA–09217 sfsfs: failed to resize file ORA–09218 sfrfs: failed to refresh file size ORA–09240 smpalo: error allocating PGA memory ORA–09241 smsalo: error allocating SGA memory ORA–09242 smscre: error creating SGA ORA–09243 smsget: error attaching to SGA O
ORA–09264 sptpa: error flagging process ORA–09265 spwat: error temporarily suspending process ORA–09266 spawn: error starting an oracle process ORA–09270 szalloc: error allocating memory for security ORA–09271 szlon: error verifying user name ORA–09272 remote OS login is not allowed ORA–09273 szrfc: error verifying role name ORA–09274 szrfc: insufficient role name buffer space ORA–09280 sllfcf: error closing file ORA–09281 sllfop: error opening file ORA–09282 sllfrb: error reading recor
E–8 ORA–09311 slsleep: error temporarily suspending process ORA–09312 slspool: error spooling file to printer ORA–09313 slsprom: error prompting user ORA–09314 sltln: error translating logical name ORA–09315 sql2tt: two–task error translating ORACLE_EXECUTABLE ORA–09316 szrpc: unable to verify password for role ORA–09317 szprv: insufficient privileges ORA–09318 slkhst: error hosting out to operating system ORA–09319 slgtd: unable to obtain the current date and time ORA–09320 szrfc: unabl
ORA–09341 scumnt: unable to mount database ORA–09350 Windows NT two–task driver unable to allocate context area ORA–09351 Windows NT two–task driver unable to allocate shared memory ORA–09352 Windows NT two–task driver unable to spawn new Oracle task ORA–09353 Windows NT two–task driver unable to open event semaphore ORA–09354 Windows NT two–task driver: Oracle task unexpectedly died Codes 4000–4999: Windows NT–Specific Oracle Messages The messages in this section are Oracle operating–system–dep
OSD–04003 Cause The media has been damaged. Action Recover the file if necessary, and verify that Windows NT is functioning correctly. OSD–04004 invalid file header Cause The file is corrupted. Action Recover the file. OSD–04005 SetFilePointer() failure, unable to read from file Cause There was an unexpected return from the Windows NT system service, SetFilePointer(). Action Check the operating system error code and consult the Windows NT documentation.
OSD–04010 option specified, file already exists Cause The file that you attempted to create already exists. Action Delete the existing file or use the REUSE option in the SQL statement. OSD–04011 GetFileInformationByHandle() failure, unable to obtain file info Cause There was an unexpected return from the Windows NT system service, GetFileInformationByHandle(). Action Check the operating system error code and consult the Windows NT documentation.
OSD–04017 unable to open the specified RAW device Cause An invalid path or filename was specified or the device is full. Action Make sure the file exists and/or device is not full; verify that the operating system is functioning correctly. OSD–04018 unable to access the specified directory or device Cause An invalid path name was specified. Action Make sure the directory or device exists and is accessible.
OSD–04102 unable to open/create file for shared memory object Cause There was an unexpected return from the Windows NT system service, CreateFile(). Action Check the operating system error code and consult the Windows NT documentation. OSD–04103 unable to attach to SGA: SGA does not exist Cause The System Global Area (SGA) does not exist. Action Start up an Oracle instance.
Process Errors: OSD–4200 to OSD–4299 OSD–04200 Cause The program has run out of system resources. Action Shutdown all unnecessary processes; install more memory in the machine. OSD–04201 no pid structure supplied to spdcr() Cause This is an internal error, not normally expected to occur. Action Contact Oracle Customer Support. OSD–04202 DosSetPriority() failure, unable to set process priority Cause There was an unexpected return from the Windows NT system service, DosSetPriority().
OSD–04208 OpenProcess() failure, unable to open process handle Cause There was an unexpected return from the Windows NT system service, OpenProcess(). Action Check the operating system error code and consult the Windows NT documentation. OSD–04209 Incorrect or unknown background image name given to spdcr() Cause There was an unexpected background name given to spdcr(). Action Contact Oracle Customer Support.
OSD–04216 Unable to find file handle for that thread Cause This is an internal error, not normally expected to occur. Action Contact Oracle Customer Support. OSD–04217 Unable to retrieve system user name for current user Cause This is an internal error, not normally expected to occur. Action Contact Oracle Customer Support. Loader Errors: OSD–4300 to OSD–4399 OSD–04300 unable to read complete record from data file Cause The data file ended in the middle of a record.
OSD–04401 WaitForSingleObject() failure, unable to obtain semaphore Cause There was an unexpected return from the Windows NT system service, WaitForSingleObject(). Action Check the operating system error code and consult the Windows NT documentation. Miscellaneous Errors: OSD–4500 to OSD–4599 OSD–04500 illegal option specified Cause This is an internal error, not normally expected to occur. Action Contact Oracle Customer Support.
OSD–04507 Cause An attempt was made to connect as ’internal’ with an invalid password. Action Verify that the password is correct and try again. OSD–04508 no password given Cause An attempt was made to connect as ’internal’ without a password. Action Enter a valid password when connecting as internal. OSD–04509 no password found Cause Oracle was unable to locate and retrieve the password for ’internal’. Action Verify that Oracle is installed and configured correctly.
OSD–04514 The NT Group name is too long for internal buffer Cause The NT Group name is too long. Action Use a shorter NT group name. Codes 6100 – 6199: SQL*Net TCP/IP Errors The messages in this section apply only if you are using SQL*Net V1. For messages relating to use of SQL*Net V2, see Oracle Network Products Messages Manual. ORA–06102: NETTCP: cannot allocate context area Cause The dynamic memory available for the connection context area is insufficient.
Cause An I/O error occurred while attempting a network read operation. Action Contact your Oracle Customer Support representative. ORA–06110: Cause An I/O error occurred while attempting a network write operation. Action Contact your Oracle Customer Support representative. ORA–06111: NETTCP: disconnect failure Cause An error occurred while attempting to close a socket. Action Contact your Oracle Customer Support representative.
Action ORA–06117: See the SQL*Net TCP/IP server log file for more information. Contact your system administrator. NETTCP: unable to create ORASRV: quota exceeded Cause The host’s SQL*Net TCP/IP server was unable to create the Oracle7 Server for Windows NT process because of quota depletion. Action Increase the quota allocations to the SQL*Net TCP/IP server process.
ORA–06123: NETTCP: cannot set KEEPALIVE Cause The host’s SQL*Net TCP/IP server was unable to set the socket KEEPALIVE option. Action Check the log file for the operating system–specific error code. Contact your Oracle Customer Support representative. ORA–06124: NETTCP: timeout waiting for ORASRV Cause The Oracle7 Server for Windows NT process was started but failed to respond after a period of time (n seconds). Action This failure can occur on heavily–loaded systems.
ORA–06128: NETTCP: unable to create mailbox Cause The host’s SQL*Net TCP/IP server was unable to create a mailbox needed for IPC communication with the Oracle7 Server for Windows NT process. Action See the SQL*Net TCP/IP server log file for more information. Contact your Oracle Customer Support representative.
ORA–06134: Cause The host’s SQL*Net TCP/IP server did not have READ/EXECUTE permissions for the SID mapping file associated with this connection request. Action Change the protection on the SID mapping file. ORA–06135: NETTCP: connection rejected; server is stopping Cause The host’s SQL*Net TCP/IP server rejected this connection request because the server is in the process of stopping. Action Restart SQL*Net TCP/IP server.
ORA–06141: NETTCP: no privilege for user Cause A proxy login connect attempt failed because the SQL*Net TCP/IP server had insufficient privileges to access the proxy account. Action Change the account protection, change the server privileges, or both. ORA–06142: NETTCP: error getting user information Cause A proxy login connect attempt failed because the SQL*Net TCP/IP server was unable to access the proxy account. Action Check the log file for the operating system–specific error code.
ORA–06220: NETNMP: Server not specified in command line Cause A hostname is not specified in the DOS command–line after “p:”. Action Specify the hostname after the network prefix and retry, or set the LOCAL parameter in your configuration parameter file. ORA–06221: NETNMP: Named pipe busy Cause Either the database to which you are trying to connect does not exist, or all available Named Pipes instances are in use.
ORA–06226: NETNMP: Send byte count error Cause An error was encountered in sending data. Action Check all LAN connections and cables. If any connections are loose, secure them and retry. Otherwise, reboot the machine and reload the SQL*Net Named Pipes driver. If the error persists, contact your DBA. ORA–06227: NETNMP: Error resetting connection Cause The system encountered an error when resetting the connection. Action Check all LAN connections and cables.
ORA–06232: NETNMP: Unable to create a pipe instance Cause Named pipe could not be properly opened. Action Ensure that Named Pipes software is installed properly in Windows NT and that the Server machine is successfully started. Codes 6401 – 6430: NETCMN Errors This section lists and explains the error codes you might receive when using SQL*Net. The error message descriptions in this section list possible causes for the errors and suggest corrective actions.
ORA–06406: NETCMN: error sending break message Cause The SQL*Net driver could not correctly handle an incoming out–of–band message. Action Resubmit the connect string. ORA–06407: NETCMN: unable to set up break handling environment Cause The SQL*Net driver could not set up out–of–band break handler. Action Resubmit the connect string. ORA–06408: NETCMN: incorrect message format Cause A message from a partner contains a bad header. Action Contact your Oracle Customer Support representative.
ORA–06413: Cause The SQL*Net driver was unable to open a connection with a remote node. Action Check node or wait for available connection to open, then re–submit the connect string. ORA–06414: NETCMN: disconnect failure Cause The SQL*Net driver was unable to close a connection. Action Check the node or wait for an available connection to close and then re–submit the connect string.
ORA–06421: NETCMN: error detected in the read–in data Cause An error occurred in the recomputation of checksum or CRC. There is a possible hardware failure in the communication nodes. Action Contact your system administrator. ORA–06422: NETCMN: error in sending data Cause SQL*Net was unable to transmit data to Oracle7 Server for Windows NT. Action Attempt to reconnect to the Server. Contact your system administrator.
E – 32 Oracle7 Server Getting Started for Windows NT
APPENDIX F National Language Support The Oracle7 Server for Windows NT provides National Language Support (NLS), that allows users to interact with the database in their selected language. When you installed Oracle7 Server for Windows NT, you selected a language, and the Installer recorded that language in the NLS_LANG configuration parameter. This appendix explains the NLS_LANG parameter and its components, and lists the available options.
NLS_LANG When you install Oracle7 Server for Windows NT, you select a language for database messages. The Oracle Installer supplies a value for the NLS_LANG parameter to specify the language selected. The NLS_LANG parameter uses the following format: NLS_LANG = LANGUAGE_TERRITORY.
Language Territory Charset AMERICAN AMERICA US7ASCII ARABIC UNITED ARAB EMIRATES AR8ISO8859P6 BRAZILIAN PORTUGUESE BRAZIL WE8ISO8859P1 BULGARIAN BULGARIA CL8ISO8859P5 CANADIAN FRENCH CANADA WE8ISO8859P1 CATALAN CATALONIA WE8ISO8859P1 CROATIAN CROATIA EE8ISO8859P2 CZECH CZECH REPUBLIC EE8ISO8859P2 DANISH DENMARK WE8ISO8859P1 DUTCH THE NETHERLANDS WE8ISO8859P1 EGYPTIAN EGYPT AR8ISO8859P6 ENGLISH UNITED KINGDOM WE8ISO8859P1 ESTONIAN ESTONIA WE8ISO8859P1 FINNISH FINLAN
Selecting Alternate Territories and Character Sets Although the languages have default territories and character sets associated with them, any language, territory, and character set values can be mixed and included in a single NLS_LANG parameter. Any NLS_LANG values, however, must correspond to a fully installed language. Refer to the section Installing Additional Languages in this appendix for installation information. Admin.
NLS_SORT The value for the NLS_SORT initialization parameter is dependent on the language selected for the database instance. See Oracle7 Server Administrator’s Guide contains information about all of the available NLS initialization parameters. Parameter Lists The following lists include all parameters for the supported languages, territories, and character sets for Oracle7 Server for Windows NT.
Territories F–6 ALGERIA HONG KONG ROMANIA AMERICA HUNGARY SAUDI ARABIA AUSTRIA ICELAND SLOVAKIA BAHRAIN IRAQ SLOVENIA BRAZIL ISRAEL SOMALIA BULGARIA ITALY SPAIN CANADA JAPAN SUDAN CATALONIA JORDAN SWEDEN CHINA KOREA SWITZERLAND CIS KUWAIT SYRIA CROATIA LEBANON THAILAND CZECH REPUBLIC LIBYA TAIWAN CZECHOSLOVAKIA LITHUANIA THE NETHERLANDS DENMARK MAURITANIA TUNISIA DJIBOUTI MEXICO TURKEY EGYPT MOROCCO UKRAINE ESTONIA NORWAY UNITED ARAB EMIRATES FINLAND OMA
Single–byte Character Sets AR7AMEER D8EBCDIC273 IW8ISO8859P8 WE8EBCDIC284 AR7ASMO449PLUS DK7SIEMENS9780X IW8MSWIN1255 WE8EBCDIC285 AR7SEDCOT DK8BS2000 IW8PC1507 WE8EBCDIC37 AR8ADOS710 DK8EBCDIC277 LA8PASSPORT WE8EBCDIC37C AR8ADOS710T E7DEC LT8MSWIN921 WE8EBCDIC500 AR8ADOS720 E7SIEMENS9780X LT8PC772 WE8EBCDIC500C AR8ADOS720T E8BS2000 LT8PC774 WE8EBCDIC871 AR8APTEC715 EE8EBCDIC870 N7SIEMENS9780X WE8GCOS7 AR8APTEC715T EE8ISO8859P2 N8PC865 WE8HP AR8ARABICMAC EE8MACCE NDK7DE
Multi Byte Character Sets AL24UTFFSS JA16SJIS KO16DBCS ZHT16DBT JA16DBCS JA16TSTSET KO16KSC5601 ZHT32EUC JA16EBCDIC930 JA16TSTSET2 ZHS16CGB231280 ZHT32SOPS JA16EUC JA16VMS ZHT16BIG5 ZHT32TRIS Installing Additional Languages If you wish to install an additional language for your Oracle7 Server for Windows NT—for example, to specify different National Language Support for different instances—you must install the language files for that language directly to your Oracle7 Server for Windows NT di
Language File Abbreviation Language Language Language File Abbreviation AMERICAN US ITALIAN I ARABIC AR JAPANESE JA BRAZILIAN PORTUGUESE PTB KOREAN KO BULGARIAN BG LATIN AMERICAN SPANISH ESA CANADIAN FRENCH FRC LITHUANIAN LT CATALAN E MEXICAN SPANISH ESM CROATIAN HR NORWEGIAN N CZECH CS POLISH PL DANISH DK PORTUGUESE PT DUTCH NL ROMANIAN RO EGYPTIAN EG RUSSIAN RU ENGLISH US SIMPLIFIED CHINESE ZHS ESTONIAN ET SLOVAK SK FINNISH SF SLOVENIAN SL FRENCH
For example, the following list is the complete set of American language files: ORAUS.MSB PCMUS.MSB DBAUS.MSB PLSUS.MSB EXPUS.MSB PXUS.MSB IMPUS.MSB OPWUS.MSB SOSDUS.MSB SQLUS.MSB ULUS.MSB UIUS.MSB LCDUS.
Index Symbols ’REMOTE_OS_AUTHENT’ variable not set to TRUE, E – 18 –DELETE, ORADIM73 command, 3 – 25 –EDIT, ORADIM73 command, 3 – 24 –NEW, ORADIM73 command, 3 – 24 –SHUTDOWN, ORADIM73 command, 3 – 25 –STARTUP, ORADIM73 command, 3 – 25 /help, ORADIM73 command, 3 – 25 \BIN, B – 4 \DATABASE, in \ORANT, B – 3 \DBS in \ORANT, B – 3 in \ORAWIN, B – 4 \HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\ ORACLE, D – 2 \NETWORK in \ORANT, B – 3 in \ORAWIN, B – 4 \NETWORK\ADMIN, B – 3, B – 4 \NETWORK\LOG, B – 3, B – 4 \NETWORK\TRACE, B – 3
B BACKGROUND_DUMP_DEST initialization parameter, 5 – 5, C – 4 Backing up a database, 5 – 2 active files, 5 – 2 RAW files, 5 – 4 Backup Manager, 5 – 2 Bad function code supplied to ssthreadop, E – 15 block.row.file, 5 – 11 BUFFER parameter of EXP utility, 3 – 16 of IMP utility, 3 – 19 C C:\> EXP73 [options], 3 – 22 C:\> IMP73 [options], 3 – 22 C:\> SET ORACLE_SID=sid, 3 – 12 C:\> SQLLDR73 [options], 3 – 22 C:\>EXP73 [options], 3 – 15 C:\>IMP73 [options], 3 – 19 C:\>OCOPYnn /B \\.
statement, 3 – 17, 3 – 18 CREATE DATABASE command, 3 – 17 CreateProcess() failure, unable to spawn process, E – 14 CTL1ORCL.
DISK_FULL, E – 2 Distributed Option, 1 – 3, 2 – 9 DISTRIBUTED_TRANSACTIONS parameter, C–4 Documentation, online, A – 2 documentation, Oracle, 2 – 6, 2 – 13, 2 – 17, 2 – 21 DOS, 2 – 9 DosKillProcess() failure, unable to kill process, E – 14 DosSetPriority() failure, unable to set process priority, E – 14 DRIVE_LOCKED, E – 2 E Enterprise Manager, 1 – 10, A – 12 Error messages, logging, 5 – 5, E – 2 error queuing an asynchronous I/O request , E – 11 Event Viewer, 1 – 5 EXP utility, 3 – 15 EXP73 utility, 5 – 6
Install client, selective, 2 – 21 Networking Products, 2 – 12 server, selective, 2 – 16 Installation first time, 2 – 5 Networking Products, 2 – 6 Oracle7 Client, 2 – 6, 2 – 16 Oracle7 Server, 2 – 7, 2 – 14 Oracle7 Server–Clients, 2 – 13 preparing for, 2 – 5 Prorgrammer/2000, 2 – 15 re–installing, 2 – 5 SQL*Plus Product, 2 – 15 Selective, 2 – 8, 2 – 17 SQL*Plus, 2 – 7 Windows NT, 2 – 9–2 – 15 Windows/Windows 95 clients, 2 – 16–2 – 19 installation Oracle7 Client for Windows/Windows95, 2 – 20 Programmer/2000,
LOG1ORCL.ORA, 3 – 4, 3 – 16 LOG2ORCL.
NETNMP: Send byte count error, E – 27 NETNMP: Server not specified in command line, E – 26 NETNMP: SQL*Net handshake error, E – 27 NETNMP: Unable to create a pipe instance, E – 28 NETNMP: Unable to open named pipe, E – 27 NETNMP: Unable to put pipe into listening mode, E – 27 NETNMP: Windows NT failed to create or access shared memory, E – 27 NETTCP: access denied, wrong password, E – 23 NETTCP: access failure, E – 21 NETTCP: cannot allocate context area, E – 19 NETTCP: cannot set KEEPALIVE, E – 22 NETTCP:
NLS_LANGUAGE parameter, C – 4 NLS_SORT parameter, C – 4, F – 5 NLS_TERRITORY parameter, C – 4 NMP_FREE_CLIENTS parameter, D – 8 NMP_MAX_CLIENTS parameter, D – 7 NMP_MIN_CLIENTS parameter, D – 8 NMP_SPAWN_DELAY parameter, D – 9 NMP_SPAWN_INCREMENT parameter, D – 8 no password found, E – 18 no password given, E – 18 no pid structure supplied to spdcr(), E – 14 NOARCHIVELOG mode, 5 – 2 NOARCHIVELOG parameter, 3 – 10 Nonclustered tables, 3 – 20 O OCOPY utility, 5 – 2 OCOPYnn /R a: restore_dir, 5 – 3 Online Doc
Oracle7 Server–Clients, installation, 2 – 13 Oracle7 utilities, 2 – 3 OracleServiceORCL, 3 – 5 OracleStartORCL, 3 – 5 OracleTNSListener, 3 – 5 OracleTNSListenerid, 1 – 6 ORADIM, creating an instance, 3 – 13 ORADIM Log, 3 – 26 ORADIM73.
REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE=SHARE D, 4 – 6 Removing, Options, 2 – 23 Removing product components, 2 – 23 Resource costs, 3 – 20 setting, 3 – 20 Restoring active files, 5 – 3 Restoring RAW files, 5 – 4 role CONNECT, 3 – 4 DBA, 3 – 4 RESOURCE, 3 – 4 ROLLBACK_SEGMENTS initialization parameter, 3 – 19 Row header, 3 – 20 ROWID datatype, 5 – 11 S scgcan: unable to process lk_sync_cancel return code, E – 8 scgcc: unable to process lk_close return code, E–8 scgcm: unable to process return code in completion procedur
SHARING_VIOLATION, E – 4 SHUTDOWN, command, 3 – 16 SID, 3 – 2, 3 – 7 sigpidu: error obtaining process id, E – 6 sksaalo: error allocating memory for archival, E–7 sksabln: unable to build file name, E – 7 sksachk: invalid device specification for LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST, E – 7 sksasmo: unable to send message to console, E–7 SleepEx() failure, unable to Sleep, E – 12 slgfn: error fabricating file name, E – 6 slgtd: unable to obtain the current date and time, E – 8 slkhst: error hosting out to operating system, E–8
required configuration files, 2 – 22 TNSNAMES.ORA file, 2 – 22 SQL*Net version 2.
TRANSACTIONS_PER_ROLLBACK_SEGME NT parameter, C – 5 translations nested too deep, E – 17 Transport protocol and the MultiProtocol Interchange, 1 – 11 multiple, 1 – 12 TRIGGER$, data dictionary table, 5 – 10 truncated read, E – 10 truncated write, E – 10 TRWR, D – 4 U unable to access the specified directory or device, E – 12 unable to acquire internal semaphore for process, E – 16 unable to allocate memory with VirtualAlloc, E – 13 unable to attach to SGA: SGA does not exist, E – 13 unable to begin another
Windows NT two–task driver unable to spawn new Oracle task, E – 9 Windows NT two–task driver: Oracle task unexpectedly died, E – 9 Windows on Win32 (WOW), 2 – 4 Windows products, B – 4 Index – 14 Oracle7 Server Getting Started for Windows NT Windows/Windows 95 clients, installation, 2 – 16–2 – 18 WRITE_ERROR, E – 4 WRITE_PROTECTED, E – 5 WriteFile() failure, unable to write to file, E – 10
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