INSTRUCTIONS IX81 MOTORIZED INVERTED RESEARCH MICROSCOPE This instruction manual is for the Olympus Motorized Inverted Research Microscope Model IX81. To ensure the safety, obtain optimum performance and to familiarize yourself fully with the use of this microscope, we recommend that you study this manual thoroughly before operating the microscope. Retain this instruction manual in an easily accessible place near the work desk for future reference.
IX81 CONTENTS Correct assembly and adjustments are critical for the microscope to exhibit its full performance. If you are going to assemble the microscope yourself, please read Chapter 9, “ASSEMBLY” (pages 49 to 58) carefully. For the modules provided with instruction manuals, also read the assembly procedures in their instruction manuals.
IX81 4-6 Condenser ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 23-25 1 Centering the Condenser 2 Using the Aperture Iris Diaphragm 3 Flipping Up the Condenser Holder 4-7 Objectives .........................................................................................................................................................................................
IMPORTANT The IX81 microscope can be used in stand-alone mode (operated from the U-HSTR2 hand switch) or can operated from a PC when the IX2-BSW software (Ver. 01.03, compatible with Windows 2000/Me) is installed in the PC. Be sure to prepare the U-ZPCB (T2) Z-board and attach it to the IX81, and set the DIP switch (see page 50) before connecting the IX2-UCB control board to the IX81.
IX81 Releasing the Transport Lock of the Light Path Selector # Never attempt to operate the light path selector without removing the transport lock knob 5. Otherwise, the light path selector mechanism may be damaged. · Rotate the knob counterclockwise to remove it. · To prevent penetration of dust through the hole made after removing the transport lock knob, stop the hole by attaching the provided seal (10 mm dia., black).
2 1 Fig. 2 3 5. The microscope is provided with a simplified waterproof mechanism. Therefore, if culture liquid or water is spilt on the stage, revolving nosepiece or microscope frame, damage to the equipment or an electrical shock may result. Immediately wipe the liquid or water off if it is spilt on them. 6.
IX81 Safety Symbols The following symbols are found on the microscope. Study the meaning of the symbols and always use the equipment in the safest possible manner. Symbol Explanation When raising or lowering the motorized revolving nosepiece, be careful not to have your finger or hand caught by the mechanism. Indicates that the surface becomes hot, and should not be touched with bare hands. Before use, carefully read the instruction manual.
6. Restrictions in TV observation @The following combinations are not permitted in consideration of the optical performance. · IX2-SPT + PE4X + U-PMTVC on the side port · IX2-SPT + PE5X + 1X magnification changer + U-PMTV1X on the side port · U-TV0.35XC + 2X magnification changer (optional) · U-TV0.35XC + DP50 (optional 2X magnification changer on the side port) ²The following combination may deteriorate the optical performance a little. · U-TV0.
IX81 MODULE NOMENCLATURE }The modules shown below are only the representative modules. As there are other modules which can be combined with the microscope but are not shown below, please also refer to the latest Olympus catalogues or your dealer. For information on the modules marked with “*", refer to their instruction manuals.
CONTROLS }If you have not yet assembled the microscope, read Chapter 9, “ASSEMBLY” (pages 49 to 58). · The illustration shows the system composed of modules enclosed in . · For the reflected light fluorescence modules including the IX2-RFACA, IX2-RFA, U-LH100HG and IX2-UCB/U-HSTR2, refer to their separate instruction manuals.
IX81 Left Side View of Microscope Frame Allen screwdriver storage position (Rear panel) Allen wrench and optical element centering knob (x 2) storage position (Rear panel) WHN10X/WHN10X-H U-BI90CT Diopter adjustment ring (Page 18) Interpupillary distance adjustment scale (Page 18) CT turret (Page 19) Side port Transport lock knob #Be sure to remove this before use.
Plain Stage IX2-SP Mechanical Stage IX-MVR Manipulator mounting screw holes M6 screw (x 6) IX-MVR mounting screw holes (Page 52) (On both sides) Cross Stage IX-SVL2 Y-axis knob X-axis knob UCD Adapter IX-ADUCD Y-axis knob X-axis knob LWD Universal Condenser IX2-LWUCD }This is a manually controlled condenser.
IX81 Focus Adjustment Knob Unit U-FH The button functions shown below are the initial setups for PC control (remote operation). The button functions can also be assigned as required by the user. For the assignment, refer to the instructions for the IX2BSW IX Software. After setting up the button functions, attach the provided stickers near the buttons. For the function abbreviations and symbols on the stickers, see the following table.
TRANSMITTED LIGHT BRIGHTFIELD OBSERVATION PROCEDURE }The following flow shows the operating procedure for the transmitted light brightfield observation which is the basic observation method of this microscope. The operating procedures for phase contrast observation and DIC observation will be described separately in Chapter 5, “OTHER OBSERVATION METHODS” on page 28. For the fluorescence observation, refer to the separate instruction manual entitled “Reflected Fluorescence System”.
IX81 The button functions shown below are the initial setups at the moment the PC is started up. Controls with numbers inside are not available when the U-FH focus adjustment knob unit is in use. 3 e f c d b a 5 8 9 2 6 8 8 7 4 1 } Make a photocopy of the observation procedure pages and post it near your microscope.
USING THE CONTROLS 4-1 Microscope Frame 1 6 Voltage Indication (Fig. 4) 2 }Set the main switch of the IX2-UCB control box to “ I ” (ON), then press the transmitted light ON-OFF button 1 to ON. 1. Press the light intensity control button 2 to increase the voltage and make illumination brighter. Pressing the button 3 makes the illumination darker. 2. The numerals to the right of the lamp voltage indicator LEDs 4 indicate the reference values of the voltages.
IX81 3 Magnification Change (Fig. 5) When the magnification selector knob 1 is pulled out, the magnification will be 1.6X. When the knob is pushed in, the magnification will be 1X. }The 1X 1.6X magnification changer lens can be replaced with a 1X 2X magnification changer lens (IX2-CA2) by the manufacturer operation. 1 Fig. 5 4 Motorized Revolving Nosepiece # When the IX81 motorized revolving nosepiece is rotated in stand-alone mode, automatic escape movement of an objective is not performed.
4-2 Focusing Block }The same effect as the focusing knob on the microscope frame can also be obtained using the U-FH focus adjustment knob unit. However, when the microscope is used stand-alone while the cable to the U-FH is connected, the control used for focus adjustment is switched automatically to the focus adjustment knob on the U-FH. 1 2 3 3 4 15 (Fig. 6) Focusing (UP/DOWN) buttons (Fig. 7) # The focusing speed available with these buttons is coarse (3 mm/ sec.) only.
IX81 4-3 Stage 1 1 Placing the Specimen With the IX2-SFR or IX-SVL2 Stage (Figs. 8 to 10) (Fig. 8) Place the specimen on the center of the stage. }In the case of a slide glass specimen, plate the specimen with the cover glass facing down. }If the specimen is prone to slide on the stage, attach the stage clips (IXSCL) 1 and clamp the specimen down with the clips. Fig. 8 With the IX-MVR Mechanical Stage + IX2-SP Stage (Figs. 9 & 10) }96-well or 24-well microtiter plates, etc.
2 Moving the Specimen (Fig. 11) With the IX2-SFR or IX-SVL2 Stage 3 To move the specimen to a desired position, rotate the X-axis knob 1 and Y-axis knob 2. }When the index mark on the upper stage is aligned with the index line 3 provided on the substage, the center of the stage center plate aperture is almost in the center of the optical axis. Use this as a guideline when moving the specimen. The travel area is 50 mm (X-axis) x 50 mm (Y-axis).
IX81 4-4 Observation Tube 1 Adjusting the Interpupillary Distance (Fig. 14) While looking through the eyepieces, adjust the binocular vision until the left and right fields of view coincide completely. The index dot · indicates the interpupillary distance. }Note your interpupillary distance so that it can be quickly duplicated. Fig. 14 1 2 Adjusting the Diopter (Figs. 15 & 16) }The diopter adjustment accuracy can be improved by using an objective with as high power as possible. 1.
4 1 Using Eyepiece Micrometer Disks (Fig. 18) Eyepiece micrometer disks can be inserted into the WHN10X-H (or WHN10X) eyepieces. Use 24 mm dia. x 1.5 mm micrometer disks. Following Fig. 18, turn the built-in micrometer mounting frame ² counterclockwise to remove it from the eyepiece and place a micrometer disk @ into the mounting frame so that the surface with the model indication faces downward. Re-attach the micrometer mounting frame in the original position. 2 Fig.
IX81 7 Adjusting the Tilt (U-TBI90 Only) (Fig. 21) }Adjust the height and tilt of the observation tube to obtain the most comfortable viewing position. Holding the binocular section with both hands, raise or lower it to the desired position. # Never attempt to force the binocular section past the upper or lower stop position. Applying excessive force could destroy the limiting mechanism.
2 Mounting Filters (Figs. 23 to 25) }45 mm diameter, maximum 6 mm thick filters can be mounted. Various filters, such as the provided frosted filter, color temperature conversion filter (LBD), green interference filter (IF550) and ND filter can be mounted. 1. Place a finger on the milled section 1 of the filter holder and lift it. (Fig. 23) 1 Fig. 23 2. While holding the mounting lever 2 of the filter holder, insert a filter. (Fig.
IX81 3 Using the Field Iris Diaphragm (Figs. 26 & 27) }The field iris diaphragm lever 1 is used to adjust the diameter of the illumination beam in accordance with the objective in use. Adjust the diaphragm so the field of view is circumscribed by the field iris diaphragm to exclude stray light and improve the contrast of images. }To limit specimen damage or fading when observing living cells or fluorescent specimens, it is effective to stop down the field iris diaphragm. 1.
4-6 Condenser 1 3 4 5 Centering the Condenser (Figs. 30 & 31) With the IX2-LWUCDA2/IX2-LWUCD Universal Condenser or IX-ULWCD Condenser 1. Rotate the turret 1 (either manually or electrically) to select the “BF” brightfield observation (with which no optical element is engaged in the light path). 2 1 Fig. 30 2. Move the aperture iris diaphragm lever 2 to open the diaphragm. 3. Move the field iris diaphragm lever 3 to the fully open position ( =). 4.
IX81 With the U-UCD8 Universal Condenser 5 2 6 (Fig. 31) # For operation of the U-UCD8, refer to the instruction manual provided with it. This condenser is used upside down, so the optical elements may fall off if shock is applied. Use caution particularly when flipping up the condenser holder. 4 1 3 Fig. 31 1. Rotate the condenser height fine adjustment knob 1 counterclockwise to loosen it, then push the knob all the way toward the rear. 2.
70-80% 2 Objective pupil Fig. 32 3 Fig. 33 25 (Fig. 32) }In general, the potential resolving power of an objective is fully utilized if the diaphragm is stopped down to correspond with the numerical aperture (N.A.) of the objective. }Depending on the specimen, image contras or focal depth in observation or photomicrography may be improved by keeping the aperture iris diaphragm stopped down a little. In general.
IX81 4-7 Objectives 1 1 Oil-Proof Cap (UIS Series only) (Fig. 34) }By mounting the oil-proof cap (Type C1 or C2) on the tip of the applicable objective, you can prevent penetration of immersion oil or water into the objective. This will enable the objective to achieve its original performance, so be sure to always mount the cap. 2 How to mount Make sure which type, C1 or C2, should be used for the objective in use by referring to the table below.
2 Adjusting the Correction Collar 1. The collection collar is effective with vessels with bottom thickness. (See pages 47 and 48 for the instructions on correction collar objectives.) When the thickness of the vessel bottom is known, match the scale reading of the correction collar to the thickness of the vessel in use. 2.
IX81 OTHER OBSERVATION METHODS 5-1 Phase Contrast Observation }A phase contrast objective, phase contrast optical element and the U-CT30 centering telescope are required for phase contrast observation (the U-BI90CT binocular observation tube .is not required). }If a DIC slider, analyzer or polarizer is engaged in the light path, disengage it.
With the IX-ULWCD Condenser (Note) The IX-PHCU or IX-PH1U can be attached only in the Ph1 and PhC positions. Do not remove the built-in elements.
IX81 6 5 Fig. 38 a 7 4. Hold a phase contrast ring and, while pushing the spring 5 inside the turret with the edge of the phase contrast ring 6, insert the ring completely in the turret position until the ring frame contacts the bottom of the position. (Fig. 38) # Be careful not to apply pressure to the ring slit inside the frame. 5. Rotate the optical element centering knobs clockwise to tighten the centering screws lightly.
3 2 Fig. 41 4 3 Fig. 42 5 31 (Figs. 41 to 43) }Before proceeding to the following, open the aperture iris diaphragm because flare would be observed at the center when it is stopped down. 1. Engage the phase contrast objective in the light path and bring the specimen into focus. 2. When the U-BI90CT binocular observation tube is used, rotate the CT turret 1 to position “CT”.
IX81 5-2 Differential Interference Contrast Observation }If a plastic petri dish is used, the normal optical performance of DIC observation cannot be manifested due to the polarization characteristic of the petri dish. So use a glass petri dish. }For simultaneous observation with reflected fluorescence observation, refer to the separate instruction manual. }DIC optical elements, a DIC slider, analyzer and polarizer are required for DIC observation.
UIS Series * Usable regardless of the model number (3, 2, nore).
IX81 3 1 Attaching the Analyzer and DIC Slider (Figs. 45 to 47) With the U-DICT DIC Slider 2 1. Remove the dummy slider from the revolving nosepiece. 2. Align the index 1 of the U-ANT analyzer and the positioning groove 2 of the U-DICT DIC slider and drop the analyzer into the analyzer mount of the DIC slider. (Fig. 45) Fig. 45 3. Hold the U-DICT 3 so that the side with indication faces down, insert it into the revolving nosepiece, and tighten the clamping knob 4.
5 4 1 Fig. 49 2 3 Fig. 50 Fig. 51 35 Cross-Nicol Adjustment (Figs. 49 to 51) 1. Rotate the condenser’s turret for the BF (brightfield) light path (with no optical element engaged in the light path). 2. Move the polarizer detaching lever 1 on the IX-LWPO polarizer to engage the polarizer in the light path. (Fig. 49) 3.
IX81 6 Observation Method 1. Rotate the condenser turret to engage the suitable optical element for the objective in use in the light path. 2. Engage the objective to be used in the light path. 3. Place the specimen on the stage and bring the specimen into focus by moving the objective up or down. 4. Adjust the field iris diaphragm so that its image circumscribes the field of view. 5. Adjust the aperture iris diaphragm to enhance the contrast. 6.
5-3 Simplified Polarized Light Observation }An analyzer and polarizer are required for simplified polarized light observation. The applicable condenser is the IX2-LWUCDA2 or IX2-LWUCD. Simplified polarized light observation is not available with the IX-ULWCD. 1 Attaching the Analyzer and Polarizer }Use the same procedure as that for attaching the analyzer and polarizer for DIC observation (see page 34). 2 2 1 Fig. 52 Observation Method (Fig. 52) 1.
IX81 PHOTOMICROGRAPHY AND TV OBSERVATION 6-1 Photomicrography }Use the U-TR30H-2 trinocular observation tube or the side port for photomicrography. Photomicrography can be performed using the PM-10, PM-20 or PM-30 photomicrographic system. For how to use the photomicrographic system, see the instruction manual of the photomicrographic system in use. The following are procedures related to this microscope. Attaching the Straight Photo Tube 3 2 1 (IX2-SPT/IX-SPT) 1 (Figs.
3 Attaching the Photomicrographic system (Fig. 56) · Attach the photomicrographic system directly onto the photomicrographic system mount on the straight photo tube. Align indices 1 on the straight photo tube and photomicrographic system and clamp. The photomicrographic system can also be mounted on the side port in the same way as above. 1 4 Fig. 56 Switching to the Photomicrography Light Path See the description in “Observation Tube” on page 19. 5 Fig. 57 1 Fig. 58 Adjusting the Focus (Figs.
IX81 6 Adjusting the Illumination Correct illumination is more crucial for photomicrography than for observation because flawless pictures cannot be obtained unless the illuminating light is properly adjusted. To avoid uneven illumination, especially with high contrast films, adjust the illuminating light by carefully following the observation procedure.
6-2 TV Observation }The following four methods are available for TV observation. 1. Attaching the video camera onto the side port 2. Attaching the video camera to the U-TR30H-2 trinocular observation tube H 3. Attaching the video camera onto the IX2-LBPC C-mount unit for lower back port (To be installed by the manufacturer) 4.
IX81 3 Attaching the Camera on the Lower Back Port }A C-mount video camera can be used by ordering the manufacturer to install and adjust the IX2-LBPC C-mount for lower back port. Installing the TV camera in this way allows you to use the space in front of the microscope efficiently. The size of the video camera is limited to 57 mm in the up or bottom direction. }Two kinds of back port prisms are available. Select either prism.
TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE Under certain conditions, performance of the microscope may be adversely affected by factors other than defects. If problems occur, please review the following list and take remedial action as needed. If you cannot solve the problem after checking the entire list, please contact your local Olympus representative for assistance. Problem Cause Remedy Page 1. Optical System a) The bulb does not light. Power cord of the IX2-UCB is unplugged. Plug the power cord into a power outlet.
IX81 Problem Cause Remedy Page c) Field of view is obscured or not Magnification selector knob is in an in- Turn the knob as far as it will go or engage it at the click stop according evenly illuminated. termediate position. to the observation method. 14 Revolving nosepiece or magnification Fully engage the revolving nosepiece selector knob is in an intermediate posi- or knob at a click stop. tion. 14 Condenser turret is set in an intermedi- Engage the condenser turret at a click ate position.
Problem g) Image is blurred. Cause Remedy Objective is engaged incorrectly in the Make sure that revolving nosepiece light path. clicks into place correctly. – Specimen is tilted with respect to the Place the specimen correctly on the stage and secure it with the specimen stage. holder. 16 h) Field of view of one eye does not The interpupillary distance is incorrect. match that of the other. Incorrect diopter adjustment. Adjust the interpupillary distance. 18 Adjust the diopter.
IX81 SPECIFICATIONS Module Microscope IX81-S8F-3 Frame IX81-S1F-3 IX81-F-3 Specification · Motorized light path selection · · · · · Illumination Column IX2-ILL100 Observation U-BI90CT Tube U-BI90 S8F-3: Side port 80% light path S1F-3: Side port 100% light path F-3: Prism unit is required. Motorized 6-position revolving nosepiece (DIC slider attachable) Motorized focusing up/down stroke: Above focusing position: 7 mm.
List of Objectives (UIS2/UIS Series) – The UIS series objectives that are not listed below can also be used in combination with this microscope. – Objectives UIS2 Series Plan achromat for phase contrast observation CPlanN10XPh CPlanFLN10XPh LCAchN20XPh LCAchN40XPh NA NA NA NA 0.25, 0.3, 0.4, 0.55, WD 10.0 mm, WD 9.5 mm, WD 3.2 mm, WD 2.
IX81 Objectives UIS Series Specifications For phase contrast observation SLCPlanFl40XPh NA 0.55, WD 7.7 mm, ring slit IX-PH2, with correction collar For DIC and brightfield observation SLCPlanFl40X NA 0.55, WD 7.7 mm, with correction collar For reflected UApo20X3/340 fluorescence Fura 2 UApo40X3/340 observation UApo40XOI3/340 NA 0.75, NA 0.9, NA 1.35, WD 0.55 mm, WD 0.2 mm, WD 0.
ASSEMBLY 9-1 Assembly Diagram The diagram below shows the sequence of assembly of the modules. The numbers indicate the order of assembly. The module numbers shown in the following diagram are merely the typical examples. For the modules with which the module numbers are not given, please consult your Olympus representative or the latest catalogues. # When assembling the microscope, make sure that all parts are free of dust and dirt, and avoid scratching any parts or touching glass surfaces.
IX81 9-2 Detailed Assembly Procedures # Be always sure to use the U-ZPCB(T2) Z-board. The following phenomena will occur if the U-ZPCB is used, even though the correct setup is performed: · The rotation direction of the focusing knob is opposite to the actual movement direction of the objectives. · Initialization may not be possible depending on the position of the focusing block. (The microscope may not start up.
1 2 Mounting the Illumination Column (Fig. 62) 1. Aligning the two guide holes on the illumination column with the two protruding positioning pins 1 on the microscope frame, gently fit the column onto the microscope frame from the above. 2. While holding the illumination column with one hand, insert the four provided Allen screws 2 into the screw holes. Then tighten the screws with the provided Allen wrench 3. # Do not tighten the screws with the illumination column inclined.
IX81 4 1 1 Attaching the Stage (Figs. 66 to 68) }The following stage mounting procedures are commonly applicable to the IX2-SFR, IX-SVL2 and IX2-SP. }When mounting the IX-MVR mechanical stage, first attach it the IX2-SP plain stage in advance (see the description on the bottom of this page). 1. Gently place the stage on the microscope frame by aligning the stage mounting holes with the threaded holes on the frame. 2. Insert the four provided Allen screws into the mounting holes 1.
<< Attaching the Scales >> 6 7 8 }Scales for use with a 96-well microtiter plate are provided with the mechanical stage. 1. Loosen the two clamping knobs 6 at the top of the stage’s X-axis guide. Positioning the scale numerals correctly, plate the X-axis scale 7 on the guide. Then tighten the clamping knobs. (Fig. 70) 2. Positioning the scale numerals correctly, plate the Y-axis scale 8 on the top of the stage’s Y-axis guide. The scale will be held in place magnetically. (Fig. 70) Fig.
IX81 5 1 Attaching the Objectives (Fig. 74) 1. Remove the stage center plate and attach the objectives to the revolving nosepiece through the hole on the stage left by the plate. }Attach the objectives in such a manner that the magnification increases from low to higher powers in a clockwise direction. # In the inverted microscope, the front lens of the objectives faces upward, and is more exposed to contamination than the objectives of upright microscopes.
Universal Condenser (U-UCD8) (Figs. 77 & 78) << Attaching onto the UCD Adapter >> 1. Using the Allen screwdriver, loosen the two setscrews 1 on the IX-ADUCD UCD adapter. (Fig. 77) 2. Push in the U-UCD8 universal condenser horizontally into the adapter until the condenser’s positioning pin fits into the positioning groove on the mount dovetail. 3. Tighten the two setscrews 1 using the Allen screwdriver. (Fig. 77) 1 Fig. 77 << Attaching onto the Illumination Column >> 2 3 1.
IX81 7 1 Attaching the Observation Tube Binocular Tube (U-BI90CT, U-BI90, U-TBI90) (Figs. 79 to 82) (Figs. 79 & 80) 1. Using the Allen screwdriver, loosen the observation tube clamping screw 1 on the observation tube mount. (Fig. 79) 2. Attach the circular dovetail mount of the observation tube into the observation tube mount, placing the observation tube so that the interpupillary distance scale numbers 2 are seen right side up. Then tighten the clamping screw to clamp the observation tube.
8 Attaching the Eyepieces (Fig. 83) 1. Remove the eyepieces’ dust caps. 2. Insert the WHN10X-H eyepiece with helicoid into the eyepiece sleeve without helicoid (shown on the left in the figure). 3. Insert the WHN10X eyepiece without helicoid into the eyepiece sleeve with helicoid (shown on the right in the figure). Fig. 83 Using the Accessory Mounting Holes 1 1 Fig. 84 57 (Fig. 84) }Twelve threaded holes 1 are provided on the microscope frame for mounting accessories such as a micromanipulator.
IX81 Using the Microscope Frame Rubber foot seats Rear plate (x 4) Front left/right plates 9 Clamping Plates (IX2-FP) (Figs. 85 & 86) }The microscope frame clamping method is variable depending on the frame stabilizing feet on the rear of the frame are used or removed for system expansion. # The microscope frame should be inclined to attach the frame clamping plates. Therefore, it is required to remove the specimen and petri dish that are not clamped onto the frame before proceeding.
PROPER SELECTION OF THE POWER SUPPLY CORD If no power supply cord is provided, please select the proper power supply cord for the equipment by referring to “ Specifications ” and “ Certified Cord ” below: CAUTION: In case you use a non-approved power supply cord for Olympus products, Olympus can no longer warrant the electrical safety of the equipment.
IX81 Table 2 HAR Flexible Cord APPROVAL ORGANIZATIONS AND CORDAGE HARMONIZATION MARKING METHODS Approval Organization Printed or Embossed Harmoniza- Alternative Marking Utilizing tion Marking (May be located on Black-Red-Yellow Thread (Length jacket or insulation of internal wir- of color section in mm) ing) Black Red Yellow Comite Electrotechnique Belge (CEBEC) CEBEC 10 30 10 Verband Deutscher Elektrotechniker (VDE) e.V.
10 LAMP HOUSING INSPECTION SHEET z Study the instruction manual for the lamp housing before inspection. z For safe use of the lamp housing, we recommend performing the following inspection periodically (every time you replace the lamp bulb and at least every 6 months). z The table below identified the check items to be observed. Put (X) if not applicable or (✓) if applcable.
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