2.0

Functions
Using Calculations - 253
Left text Left: returns the characters for str beginning
from the left and proceeding to the right for
num characters
Left(str, num)
Length text Length: returns the number of characters in str Length(str)
Ln mathematical Natural Logarithm: returns the natural
logarithm (base
e — approximately 2.71828)
of num; inverse of Exp function of num
Ln(num)
Log mathematical Base 10 Logarithm: returns the base 10
logarithm of num
Log(num)
Lower text Lower: converts the str to lowercase Lower(str)
Max statistical Maximum: returns the maximum (highest)
value for num1, num2, etc.
Max(num1, num2, ...)
Middle text Middle: returns the characters for str beginning
at start position num for num of characters
Middle(str, start position num,
num of characters)
Min statistical Minimum: returns the minimum (lowest) value
for num1, num2, etc.
Min(num1, num2, ...)
Minute time Minute: returns the minute for a given time Minute(time)
Mod mathematical Modulus: returns the remainder of the dividend
num divided by the divisor num
Mod(dividend num, divisor
num)
Month date Month: returns the number of the month for a
given date
Month(date)
MonthName date MonthName: returns the number of the month
for a given date
MonthName(date)
Pi mathematical Pi: returns the value of Pi (approximately
3.14159265)
Pi()
PMT financial Payment: returns the payment required given a
principal num, interest rate num, and num of
periods
PMT(principal num, interest rate
num, num of periods)
Position text Position: returns the position in the source str of
the find str beginning at start position num
Position(source str, find str, start
position num)
Proper text Proper Case: converts the first letter of each
word in str to uppercase and the rest of the
word to lowercase.
Proper(str)