Datasheet

“main” (Installation and Administration) — 2004/6/25 — 13:29 — page 707 — #733
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28
System Monitoring Utilities
System Monitoring Utilities
A number of programs and mechanisms, some of which are presented
here, can be used to examine the status of your system. Also described are
some utilities that are useful for routine work, along with their most impor-
tant parameters.
28.1 List of Open Files: lsof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 708
28.2 User Accessing Files: fuser . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 709
28.3 File Properties: stat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 710
28.4 Processes: top . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 710
28.5 Process List: ps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 711
28.6 Process Tree: pstree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 712
28.7 Who Is Doing What: w . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 713
28.8 Memory Usage: free . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 714
28.9 Kernel Ring Buffer: dmesg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 714
28.10 File Systems and Their Usage: mount, df, and du . 715
28.11 The /proc File System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 716
28.12 procinfo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 718
28.13 PCI Resources: lspci . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 719
28.14 System Calls of a Program Run: strace . . . . . . . 720
28.15 Library Calls of a Program Run: ltrace . . . . . . . 721
28.16 Specifying the Required Library: ldd . . . . . . . . 722
28.17 Interprocess Communication: ipcs . . . . . . . . . . 722