Datasheet

“main” (Installation and Administration) — 2004/6/25 — 13:29 — page 530 — #556
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22.1 Basics
22.1.1 Web Server
A web server issues HTML pages requested by a client. These pages can be
stored in a directory (passive or static pages) or generated in response to a
query (active contents).
22.1.2 HTTP
The clients are usually web browsers, like Konqueror or Mozilla. Commu-
nication between the browser and the web server takes place by way of the
hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP). The current version, HTTP 1.1, is docu-
mented in RFC 2068 and in the update RFC 2616. These RFCs are available
at http://www.w3.org.
22.1.3 URLs
Clients use URLs, such as http://www.suse.com/index_us.html, to
request pages from the server. A URL consists of:
A protocol. Frequently-used protocols:
.
http:// HTTP protocol
.
https:// Secure, encrypted version of HTTP
.
ftp:// file transfer protocol for uploading and downloading
files
A domain, in this example, www.suse.com. The domain can be sub-
divided into two parts. The first part (www) points to a computer. The
second part (suse.com) is the actual domain. Together, they are re-
ferred to as FQDN (fully qualified domain name).
A resource, in this example, index_us.html. This part specifies the
full path to the resource. The resource can be a file, as in this example.
However, it can also be a CGI script, a Java server page, or some other
resource.
530 22.1. Basics