Datasheet

Working with the Shell

ps [option(s)] [process ID] If run without any options, this command

displays a table of all your own programs or processes — those you started.

The options for this command are not preceded by hyphen.

aux Displays a detailed list of all processes, independent of the owner

kill [option(s)] process ID Unfortunately, sometimes a program cannot

be terminated in the normal way. In most cases, you should still be able to

stop such a runaway program by executing the kill command, specifying

the respective process ID (see top and ps). kill sends a TERM signal that

instructs the program to shut itself down. If this does not help, the follow-

ing parameter can be used:

-9 Sends a KILL signal instead of a TERM signal. This brings the speciﬁed

process to an end in almost all cases.

killall [option(s)] processname

This command is similar to kill, but uses the process name (instead of the

process ID) as an argument, killing all processes with that name.

Network

ping [option(s)] host name|IP address

The ping command is the standard tool for testing the basic functionality

of TCP/IP networks. It sends a small data packet to the destination host,

requesting an immediate reply. If this works, ping displays a message to

that effect, which indicates that the network link is basically functioning.

-c number Determines the total number of packages to send and ends

after they have been dispatched. By default, there is no limitation set.

-f ﬂood ping: sends as many data packages as possible. A popular means,

reserved for root, to test networks.

-i value Speciﬁes the interval between two data packages in seconds.

Default: one second

nslookup The domain name system resolves domain names to IP addresses.

With this tool, send queries to information servers (DNS servers).

telnet [option(s)] host name or IP address

Telnet is actually an Internet protocol that enables you to work on remote

hosts across a network. telnet is also the name of a Linux program that uses

this protocol to enable operations on remote computers.

277SUSE LINUX