Datasheet

ManualsBrandsNordic Semiconductor ManualsIntegrated Circuits (ICs)Radio transceiver 1.9...3.6 V 11 mA : TX @ 0 dBm RX: 12.5 mA 0 dBm 2 MBd QFN-20

PRELIMINARY PRODUCT SPECIFICATION

Nordic Semiconductor ASA - Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway - Phone +4772898900 - Fax +4772898989

Revision: 1.2 Page 1 of 39 March 2006

Single chip 2.4 GHz Transceiver

FEATURES

APPLICATIONS

• True single chip GFSK transceiver • Wireless mouse, keyboard, joystick

• Complete OSI Link Layer in hardware • Keyless entry

• Enhanced ShockBurst™ • Wireless data communication

• Auto ACK & retransmit • Alarm and security systems

• Address and CRC computation • Home automation

• On the air data rate 1 or 2Mbps • Surveillance

• Digital interface (SPI) speed 0-8 Mbps • Automotive

• 125 RF channel operation • Telemetry

• Short switching time enable frequency hopping • Intelligent sports equipment

• Fully RF compatible with nRF24XX • Industrial sensors

• 5V tolerant signal input pads • Toys

• 20-pin package (QFN20 4x4mm)

• Uses ultra low cost +/- 60 ppm crystal

• Uses low cost chip inductors and 2-layer PCB

• Power supply range: 1.9 to 3.6 V

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

nRF24L01 is a single chip radio transceiver for the world wide 2.4 - 2.5 GHz ISM

band. The transceiver consists of a fully integrated frequency synthesizer, a power

amplifier, a crystal oscillator, a demodulator, modulator and Enhanced ShockBurst™

protocol engine. Output power, frequency channels, and protocol setup are easily

programmable through a SPI interface. Current consumption is very low, only 9.0mA

at an output power of -6dBm and 12.3mA in RX mode. Built-in Power Down and

Standby modes makes power saving easily realizable.

QUICK REFERENCE DATA

Parameter Value Unit

Minimum supply voltage 1.9 V

Maximum output power 0 dBm

Maximum data rate 2000 kbps

Supply current in TX mode @ 0dBm output power 11.3 mA

Supply current in RX mode @ 2000 kbps 12.3 mA

Temperature range -40 to +85

°C

Sensitivity @ 1000 kbps -85 dBm

Supply current in Power Down mode 900 nA

Table 1 nRF24L01 quick reference data

nRF24L01

Summary of content (39 pages)

PAGE 1
PRELIMINARY PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF24L01 Single chip 2.
PAGE 2
PRELIMINARY PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF24L01 Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver Type Number Description Version nRF24L01 nRF24L01 IC nRF24L01-EVKIT 20 pin QFN 4x4, RoHS & SS-00259 compliant Bare Dice Evaluation kit (2 test PCB, 2 configuration PCB, SW) D D 1.0 Table 2 nRF24L01 ordering information VSS=0V VSS=0V VSS=0V VDD VDD VDD DVDD BLOCK DIAGRAM XC1 VSS=0V Enhanced ShockBurstTM IRQ CSN Clock Recovery, DataSlicer ADDR Decode CRC Code/Decode FIFO In/Out IF BPF DEMOD CE XC2 VDD_PA=1.
PAGE 3
PRELIMINARY PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF24L01 Single Chip 2.
PAGE 4
PRELIMINARY PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF24L01 Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS Conditions: VDD = +3V, VSS = 0V, TA = - 40ºC to + 85ºC Symbol Parameter (condition) Notes Min. Typ. Max. Units 1.9 -40 3.0 +27 3.6 +85 V ºC 0.7VDD VSS 5.25 0.3VDD V V VDD- 0.3 VSS VDD 0.
PAGE 5
PRELIMINARY PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF24L01 Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver Receiver operation IVDD IVDD RXSENS RXSENS C/ICO C/I1ST C/I2ND C/I3RD C/ICO C/I1ST C/I2ND C/I3RD Supply current one channel 2000kbps Supply current one channel 1000kbps Sensitivity at 0.1%BER (@2000kbps) Sensitivity at 0.
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PRELIMINARY PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF24L01 Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver PACKAGE OUTLINE nRF24L01 uses the QFN20 4x4 package, with matt tin plating. Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.
PAGE 7
PRELIMINARY PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF24L01 Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver Package Type Saw QFN20 (4x4 mm) Min Typ. Max A 0.80 0.85 0.95 A1 0.00 0.02 0.05 A3 K D/E e 0.20 REF. 0.20 min 4.0 BSC13 0.5 BSC D2/E2 2.50 2.60 2.70 L 0.35 0.40 0.45 L1 0.15 max Figure 3 nRF24L01 Package Outline. 13 BSC: Basic Spacing between Centers, ref. JEDEC standard 95, page 4.17-11/A Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.
PAGE 8
PRELIMINARY PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF24L01 Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver Package marking: n 2 Y B R F 4 L 0 1 Y W W L X L Abbreviations: B – Build Code, i.e. unique code for production sites, package type and test platform X – "X" grade, i.e. Engineering Samples (optional) YY – 2 digit Year number WW – 2 digit Week number LL – 2 letter wafer lot number code Absolute Maximum Ratings Supply voltages VDD............................- 0.3V to + 3.6V VSS .............................................
PAGE 9
PRELIMINARY PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF24L01 Single Chip 2.
PAGE 10
PRELIMINARY PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF24L01 Single Chip 2.
PAGE 11
PRELIMINARY PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF24L01 Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver Packet Handling Methods nRF24L01 has the following Packet Handling Methods: • ShockBurst™ (compatible with nRF2401, nRF24E1, nRF2402 and nRF24E2 with 1Mbps data rate, see page 26) • Enhanced ShockBurst™ ShockBurst™ ShockBurst™ makes it possible to use the high data rate offered by nRF24L01 without the need of a costly, high-speed microcontroller (MCU) for data processing/clock recovery.
PAGE 12
PRELIMINARY PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF24L01 Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver TX3 TX4 TX2 2 Da ta P 5 pe Pi TX6 Da ta pe Pi ipe 3 a Data P P Data t Da TX1 ipe 4 TX5 ipe 1 Da 0 ipe ta P RX Frequency Channel N Figure 4: nRF24L01 in a star network configuration An nRF24L01 configured as primary RX (PRX) will be able to receive data trough 6 different data pipes, see Figure 4. A data pipe will have a unique address but share the same frequency channel.
PAGE 13
PRELIMINARY PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF24L01 Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver Figure 5: Example on how the acknowledgement addressing is done An nRF24L01 configured as PTX with Enhanced ShockBurst™ enabled, will use the ShockBurst™ feature to send a packet whenever the microcontroller wants to. After the packet has been transmitted, nRF24L01 will switch on its receiver and expect an acknowledgement to arrive from the terminating part.
PAGE 14
PRELIMINARY PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF24L01 Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver Enhanced ShockBurst™ Transmitting Payload: 1. The configuration bit PRIM_RX has to be low. 2. When the application MCU has data to send, the address for receiving node (TX_ADDR) and payload data (TX_PLD) has to be clocked into nRF24L01 via the SPI interface. The width of TX-payload is counted from number of bytes written into the TX FIFO from the MCU. TX_PLD must be written continuously while holding CSN low.
PAGE 15
PRELIMINARY PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF24L01 Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. auto acknowledgement for all pipes running Enhanced ShockBurst™ has to be enabled (EN_AA register), and the correct payload widths must be set (RX_PW_Px registers). Addresses have to be set up as described in item 2 in the Enhanced ShockBurst™ transmit payload chapter above. Active RX mode is started by setting CE high. After 130µs nRF24L01 is monitoring the air for incoming communication.
PAGE 16
PRELIMINARY PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF24L01 Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver (i.e. the maximum number of sending is reached). The only way to reset this is to set the PWR_UP bit low or let the auto retransmission finish. A packet loss counter will be incremented each time a packet does not succeed to reach the destination before time out. (Time out is indicated by the MAX_RT interrupt.) The packet loss counter is reset when writing to the RF channel register.
PAGE 17
PRELIMINARY PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF24L01 Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver The length of the CRC is configurable through the SPI interface. It is important to notice that the CRC is calculated over the whole packet including address, PID and payload. No packet is accepted as correct if the CRC fails. This is an extra requirement for packet acceptance that is not illustrated in the figure above.
PAGE 18
PRELIMINARY PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF24L01 Single Chip 2.
PAGE 19
PRELIMINARY PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF24L01 Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver DEVICE CONFIGURATION All configuration of nRF24L01 is defined by values in some configuration registers. All these registers are writable via the SPI interface. SPI Interface The SPI interface is a standard SPI interface with a maximum data rate of 10Mbps. Most registers are readable. SPI Instruction Set The available commands to be used on the SPI interface are shown below.
PAGE 20
PRELIMINARY PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF24L01 Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver writing can be terminated before all bytes in a multi-byte register has been written. In this case the unwritten MSByte(s) will remain unchanged. E.g. the LSByte of RX_ADDR_P0 can be modified by writing only one byte to the RX_ADDR_P0 register. The content of the status register will always be read to MISO after a high to low transition on CSN. Interrupt The nRF24L01 has an active low interrupt pin (IRQ).
PAGE 21
PRELIMINARY PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF24L01 Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver Tcwh CSN Tcc Tch Tcl Tcch SCK Tdh Tdc MOSI C7 C6 Tcsd MISO C0 Tcd Tcdz S7 S0 Figure 10 SPI NOP timing diagram.
PAGE 22
PRELIMINARY PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF24L01 Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver MEMORY MAP All undefined bits in the table below are redundant. They will be read out as '0'.
PAGE 23
PRELIMINARY PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF24L01 Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver Address (Hex) Mnemonic Bit Reset Value Type Description ‘0001’ – Wait 500+86uS ‘0010’ – Wait 750+86uS ……..
PAGE 24
PRELIMINARY PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF24L01 Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver Address (Hex) Mnemonic Bit TX_FULL Reset Value Type Description available for reading from RX_FIFO 000-101: Data Pipe Number 110: Not Used 111: RX FIFO Empty TX FIFO full flag. 1: TX FIFO full. 0: Available locations in TX FIFO.
PAGE 25
PRELIMINARY PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF24L01 Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver Address (Hex) Mnemonic Bit Reset Value Type Description 1 = 1 byte … 32 = 32 bytes 13 RX_PW_P2 Reserved RX_PW_P2 7:6 5:0 00 0 R/W R/W Only '00' allowed Number of bytes in RX payload in data pipe 2 (1 to 32 bytes). 0 Pipe not used 1 = 1 byte … 32 = 32 bytes 14 RX_PW_P3 Reserved RX_PW_P3 7:6 5:0 00 0 R/W R/W Only '00' allowed Number of bytes in RX payload in data pipe 3 (1 to 32 bytes).
PAGE 26
PRELIMINARY PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF24L01 Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver Address (Hex) Mnemonic Bit Reset Value Type Description with 3 levels.
PAGE 27
PRELIMINARY PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF24L01 Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver PACKET DESCRIPTION An Enhanced ShockBurst™ packet with payload (1-32 bytes). Preamble Address 3-5 byte 9 bit CRC 0/1/2 byte Payload 1 - 32 byte flag bits. A ShockBurst™ packet compatible to nRF2401/nRF2402/nRF24E1/nRF24E2 devices. Preamble Address 3-5 byte Preamble • Address • • • Flags Payload CRC • • • • • • • • • CRC 0/1/2 byte Payload 1 - 32 byte Preamble is used to detect 0 and 1 levels.
PAGE 28
PRELIMINARY PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF24L01 Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver IMPORTANT TIMING DATA The following timing applies for operation of nRF24L01. nRF24L01 Timing Information nRF24L01 timing Max. Power Down Î Standby mode Standby modes Î TX/RX mode Minimum CE high Delay from CE pos. edge to CSN low 1.5ms 130µs Min. Name Tpd2stby Tstby2a Thce Tpece2csn 10µs 4µs Table 13 Operational timing of nRF24L01 When the nRF24L01 is in power down it must always settle in Standby for 1.
PAGE 29
PRELIMINARY PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF24L01 Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver In Figure 11 the sending of one packet and the acknowledgement of this packet is shown. The loading of payload to the PTX device is not shown in the figure. The PRX device is turned into RX mode (CE=1), and the PTX device is set into TX mode (CE=1 for minimum 10 µs). After 130 µs the transmission starts and is finished after another 37 µs (1 byte payload).
PAGE 30
PRELIMINARY PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF24L01 Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver PERIPHERAL RF INFORMATION Antenna output The ANT1 & ANT2 output pins provide a balanced RF output to the antenna. The pins must have a DC path to VDD, either via a RF choke or via the center point in a dipole antenna. A load of 15Ω+j88Ω (simulated values) is recommended for maximum output power (0dBm).
PAGE 31
PRELIMINARY PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF24L01 Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver nRF24L01 sharing crystal with a micro controller. When using a micro controller to drive the crystal reference input XC1 of the nRF24L01 transceiver some rules must be followed. Crystal parameters: When the micro controller drives the nRF24L01 clock input, the requirement of load capacitance CL is set by the micro controller only. The frequency accuracy of ±60 ppm is still required to get a functional radio link.
PAGE 32
PRELIMINARY PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF24L01 Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver PCB layout and de-coupling guidelines A well-designed PCB is necessary to achieve good RF performance. Keep in mind that a poor layout may lead to loss of performance, or even functionality, if due care is not taken. A fully qualified RF-layout for the nRF24L01 and its surrounding components, including matching networks, can be downloaded from www.nordicsemi.no.
PAGE 33
PRELIMINARY PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF24L01 Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver APPLICATION EXAMPLE nRF24L01 with single ended matching network crystal, bias resistor, and decoupling capacitors. C7 33nF 0402 C8 1nF 0402 1 2 3 4 5 CE CSN SCK MOSI MISO nRF24L01 15 14 13 12 11 VDD VSS ANT2 ANT1 VDD_PA C5 L3 50ohm, RF I/O L1 8.2nH 0402 IRQ VDD VSS XC2 XC1 CE CSN SCK MOSI MISO U1 VSS DVDD VDD VSS IREF C9 10nF 0402 R2 22K 0402 20 19 18 17 16 VDD 3.9nH 0402 1.5pF 0402 C6 1.0pF 0402 L2 2.
PAGE 34
PRELIMINARY PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF24L01 Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver PCB layout examples Figure 14 shows a PCB layout example for the application schematic in Figure 13. A double-sided FR-4 board of 1.6mm thickness is used. This PCB has a ground plane on the bottom layer. Additionally, there are ground areas on the component side of the board to ensure sufficient grounding of critical components. A large number of via holes connect the top layer ground areas to the bottom layer ground plane.
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PRELIMINARY PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF24L01 Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver Bottom layer Figure 14 nRF24L01 RF layout with single ended connection to PCB antenna and 0603 size passive components The nest figure (Figure 15) is for the SMA output to have a board for direct measurements at a 50Ω SMA connector. Top Overlay Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.
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PRELIMINARY PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF24L01 Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver Top Layer Bottom Layer Figure 15 Module with OFM crystal and SMA connector Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.
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PRELIMINARY PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF24L01 Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver DEFINITIONS Data sheet status Objective product specification Preliminary product specification Product specification This data sheet contains target specifications for product development. This data sheet contains preliminary data; supplementary data may be published from Nordic Semiconductor ASA later. This data sheet contains final product specifications.
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PRELIMINARY PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF24L01 Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver YOUR NOTES Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.
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PRELIMINARY PRODUCT SPECIFICATION nRF24L01 Single Chip 2.4 GHz Radio Transceiver Nordic Semiconductor ASA – World Wide Distributors For Your nearest dealer, please see http://www.nordicsemi.no Main Office: Vestre Rosten 81, N-7075 Tiller, Norway Phone: +47 72 89 89 00, Fax: +47 72 89 89 89 Visit the Nordic Semiconductor ASA website at http://www.nordicsemi.no Nordic Semiconductor ASA Revision: 1.