User Guide

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Service Manual

RA-6 (Nokia E90 Communicator; L3&4)

Mobile Terminal

Part No: 9254834 (Issue 1)

Nokia Customer Care

COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL

Summary of content (192 pages)

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RA-6 Copyright Copyright Copyright © 2007 Nokia. All rights reserved. Reproduction, transfer, distribution or storage of part or all of the contents in this document in any form without the prior written permission of Nokia is prohibited. Nokia, Nokia Connecting People, and Nokia X and Y are trademarks or registered trademarks of Nokia Corporation. Other product and company names mentioned herein may be trademarks or tradenames of their respective owners. Nokia operates a policy of continuous development.
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RA-6 Warnings and cautions Warnings and cautions Warnings • IF THE DEVICE CAN BE INSTALLED IN A VEHICLE, CARE MUST BE TAKEN ON INSTALLATION IN VEHICLES FITTED WITH ELECTRONIC ENGINE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS AND ANTI-SKID BRAKING SYSTEMS. UNDER CERTAIN FAULT CONDITIONS, EMITTED RF ENERGY CAN AFFECT THEIR OPERATION. IF NECESSARY, CONSULT THE VEHICLE DEALER/ MANUFACTURER TO DETERMINE THE IMMUNITY OF VEHICLE ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS TO RF ENERGY.
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RA-6 ESD protection ESD protection Nokia requires that service points have sufficient ESD protection (against static electricity) when servicing the phone. Any product of which the covers are removed must be handled with ESD protection. The SIM card can be replaced without ESD protection if the product is otherwise ready for use. To replace the covers ESD protection must be applied. All electronic parts of the product are susceptible to ESD. Resistors, too, can be damaged by static electricity discharge.
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RA-6 Care and maintenance Care and maintenance This product is of superior design and craftsmanship and should be treated with care. The suggestions below will help you to fulfil any warranty obligations and to enjoy this product for many years. • Keep the phone and all its parts and accessories out of the reach of small children. • Keep the phone dry. Precipitation, humidity and all types of liquids or moisture can contain minerals that will corrode electronic circuits.
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RA-6 Company Policy Company Policy Our policy is of continuous development; details of all technical modifications will be included with service bulletins. While every endeavour has been made to ensure the accuracy of this document, some errors may exist. If any errors are found by the reader, NOKIA MOBILE PHONES Business Group should be notified in writing/email.
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RA-6 Battery information Battery information Note: A new battery's full performance is achieved only after two or three complete charge and discharge cycles! The battery can be charged and discharged hundreds of times but it will eventually wear out. When the operating time (talk-time and standby time) is noticeably shorter than normal, it is time to buy a new battery. Use only batteries approved by the phone manufacturer and recharge the battery only with the chargers approved by the manufacturer.
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RA-6 Nokia E90 Communicator; L3&4 Service Manual Structure Nokia E90 Communicator; L3&4 Service Manual Structure 1 General Information 2 Service Tools and Service Concepts 3 BB Troubleshooting and Tuning Guide 4 RF troubleshooting 5 Camera Module Troubleshooting 6 System Module Glossary Issue 1 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2007 Nokia. All rights reserved.
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RA-6 General Information Table of Contents RA-6 product selection...........................................................................................................................................1–5 RA-6 product features and sales package............................................................................................................1–5 Product and module list ................................................................................................................................
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RA-6 General Information RA-6 product selection RA-6 is a WCDMA/GSM dual mode handportable phone supporting EGSM850/900/1800/1900 and WCDMA2100. RA-6 is a 3GPP Release 5 terminal supporting WCDMA/HSDPA, EGPRS and GPRS data bearers. For WCDMA HSDPA the maximum bit rate is up to 3.6 Mbps for downlink and 384 kbps for uplink with simultaneous CS speech or CS video (max. 64 kbps). For 2G and 2.5G networks the RA-6 is a Class A EGPRS DTM MSC 11 which means maximum download speed of up to 236.
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RA-6 General Information • Shortcuts to (chr+): Bluetooth, IR, help, volume control (call volume) Cover display and ITU-T keypad • Active matrix colour display (240 x 320), 16M colours • • Full telephone keypad: Send and End keys, two separate Soft Keys, 5 way rocker, Power (including profile), Application key, C key, Nib on the “5” key number keys.
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RA-6 General Information • Calendar attachment support • Meeting requests to calendar • Calendar plug-in for 3rd party email solutions Seamless roaming • Prioritized list of preferred access points • • 3rd party client (BirdStep) for seamless roaming Device Managemen • Intellisync Device management • OMA Device Management 1.1.2 • OMA Client Provisioning 1.1.2 • OTI firmware update • Local connectivity with Nokia Suite Security • • Secure storage • Device lock, also remote lock • OMA DRM 2.
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RA-6 General Information Module name Type code Notes Front Camera Module Camera module CIF Back Camera Module 5MP camera with macro Display Module Engine Shield Assembly Part of slide assembly Slide Assembly Mechanical assembly Core SW Module Mobile enhancements Table 1 Audio Enhancement Headsets Type HS-47 HS-42 Wireless headsets HS-25W Inductiove loopset TBD Table 2 Car Enhancement Type Mobile Holder and antenna coupler Mobile charger DC-4 Nokia A/V adapter for legacy car kits HF-
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RA-6 General Information Table 5 Carrying Enhancement Wrist strap Type TBD Carrying case Technical specifications Transceiver general specifications Unit Dimensions (L x W x T) (mm) Transceiver with BP-4L Li-ion battery back 132 x 57 x 20 mm Weight (g) Volume (cm3) 210 140 Main RF characteristics for GSM850/900/1800/1900 and WCDMA1900/2100 phones Parameter Unit Cellular system GSM850, EGSM900, GSM1800/1900, WCDMA1900 or WCDMA2100 Rx frequency band GSM850: 869 - 894MHz EGSM900: 925 - 960 MHz
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RA-6 General Information Parameter Number of RF channels Unit GSM850: 124 GSM900: 174 GSM1800: 374 GSM1900: 299 Channel spacing 200 kHz Number of Tx power levels GSM850: 15 GSM900: 15 GSM1800: 16 GSM1900: 16 Battery endurance Battery BP-4L Capacity (mAh) 1500 Talk time 5 hrs Stand-by up to 14 days Charging times AC-4 (TBD) Page 1 –10 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2007 Nokia. All rights reserved.
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RA-6 Service Tools and Service Concepts Table of Contents Service tools............................................................................................................................................................2–5 CA-31D ................................................................................................................................................................2–5 CA-35S.......................................................................................................
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RA-6 Service Tools and Service Concepts Service tools The table below gives a short overview of service tools that can be used for testing, error analysis and repair of product RA-6, refer to various concepts. CA-31D USB cable The CA-31D USB cable is used to connect FPS-10 or FPS-11 to a PC. It is included in the FPS-10 and FPS-11 sales packages. CA-35S Power cable CA-35S is a power cable for connecting, for example, the FPS-10 flash prommer to the Point-Of-Sales (POS) flash adapter.
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RA-6 Service Tools and Service Concepts CU-4 Control unit CU-4 is a general service tool used with a module jig and/or a flash adapter. It requires an external 12 V power supply. The unit has the following features: • software controlled via USB • EM calibration function • Forwards FBUS/Flashbus traffic to/from terminal • Forwards USB traffic to/from terminal • software controlled BSI values • regulated VBATT voltage • 2 x USB2.
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RA-6 Service Tools and Service Concepts DKE-2 Mini-USB cable USB to mini-USB connector cable. FLS-5 Flash device FLS-5 is a dongle and flash device incorporated into one package, developed specifically for POS use.
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RA-6 Service Tools and Service Concepts FS-49 Flash adapter Flash adapter FS-49 is used for phone testing and flashing. FS-49 is used with the generic flash adapter base SS-60/62 and control unit CU-4 or interface adapter SS-46. When flashing or system testing the phone, the adapter is attached to replace the phone own battery. All functions (as well as the calibration voltages, current and the protections for over voltages, over current and voltage polarity), are performed by CU-4.
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RA-6 Service Tools and Service Concepts PKD-1 SW security device SW security device is a piece of hardware enabling the use of the service software when connected to the parallel (LPT) port of the PC. Without the device, it is not possible to use the service software. Printer or any such device can be connected to the PC through the device if needed. RJ-150 Soldering jig RJ-150 is a soldering jig used for soldering and as a rework jig for the engine module.
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RA-6 Service Tools and Service Concepts SB-7 WLAN test box WLAN test requires defined position for the device. SRT-6 Opening tool SRT-6 is used to open phone covers. SS-46 Interface adapter SS-46 acts as an interface adapter between the flash adapter and FPS-10.
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RA-6 Service Tools and Service Concepts SS-81 Camera removal tool Camera removal tool for main camera. SS-93 Opening tool SS-93 is used for opening JAE connectors. SX-4 Smart card SX-4 is a BB5 security device used to protect critical features in tuning and testing. SX-4 is also needed together with FPS-10 when DCT-4 phones are flashed. XCS-4 Modular cable XCS-4 is a shielded (one specially shielded conductor) modular cable for flashing and service purposes.
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RA-6 Service Tools and Service Concepts Service concepts POS (Point of Sale) flash concept Figure 2 POS flash concept Type Description Product specific tools BP-4L Battery Other tools FLS-5 POS flash dongle PC with Phoenix service software Cables CA-53 Page 2 –12 USB connectivity cable COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2007 Nokia. All rights reserved.
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RA-6 Service Tools and Service Concepts POS (Point of Sale) flash concept Figure 3 POS flash concept Type Description Product specific tools BP-4L Battery Other tools FLS-5 POS flash dongle PC with Phoenix service software Cables DKE-2 Issue 1 USB connectivity cable COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2007 Nokia. All rights reserved.
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RA-6 Service Tools and Service Concepts Module jig service concept Figure 4 Module jig service concept Type Description Phone specific devices MJ-115 Module jig Other devices CU-4 Control unit FPS-10 Flash prommer box PKD-1/PK-1 SW security device SX-4 Smart card PC with Phoenix service software Measurement equipment Cables PCS-1 DC power cable XCS-4 Modular cable XRS-6 RF cable USB cable Page 2 –14 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2007 Nokia. All rights reserved.
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RA-6 Service Tools and Service Concepts Type Description GPIB control cable Service concept for RF testing and RF/BB tuning Figure 5 Service concept for RF testing and RF/BB tuning Type Description Product specific devices MJ-115 Module jig Other devices CU-4 Control unit PKD-1/PK-1 SW security device SX-4 Smart card Measurement equipment Smart card reader PC with Phoenix service software Cables DAU-9s MBUS cable PCS-1 DC power cable Issue 1 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2007 Nokia.
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RA-6 Service Tools and Service Concepts Type XRS-6 Description RF cable GPIB control cable USB cable Flash concept with FPS-10 Figure 6 Basic flash concept with FPS-10 Type Description Product specific devices FS-49 Flash adapter Other devices FPS-10 Flash prommer box PKD-1/PK-1 SW security device SS-46 Interface adapter PC with Phoenix service software Cables XCS-4 Modular cable CA-35S Power cable Page 2 –16 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2007 Nokia. All rights reserved.
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RA-6 Service Tools and Service Concepts Type Description USB cable RF testing concept with RF coupler Figure 7 RF testing concept with RF coupler Type Description Product specific devices FS-49 Flash adapter SA-125 RF coupler Other devices CU-4 Control unit SX-4 Smart card FPS-10 Flash prommer box PKD-1/PK-1 SW security device SS-62 Flash adapter base Measurement equipment PC with Phoenix service software Cables PCS-1 Issue 1 Power cable COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2007 Nokia.
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RA-6 Service Tools and Service Concepts Type Description XCS-4 Modular cable XRS-6 RF cable GPIB control cable USB cable CU-4 flash concept with FPS-10 Figure 8 CU-4 flash concept with FPS-10 Type Description Product specific devices FS-49 Flash adapter Other devices CU-4 Control unit FPS-10 Flash prommer box PKD-1/PK-1 SW security device SS-62 Flash adapter base SX-4 Smart card PC with Phoenix service software Cables Page 2 –18 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2007 Nokia.
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RA-6 Service Tools and Service Concepts Type Description PCS-1 Power cable XCS-4 Modular cable Standard USB cable USB cable Issue 1 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2007 Nokia. All rights reserved.
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RA-6 BB Troubleshooting and Tuning Guide Table of Contents Baseband troubleshooting....................................................................................................................................3–5 Dead or jammed device troubleshooting ............................................................................................................3–6 APE CPU troubleshooting ......................................................................................................................
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RA-6 BB Troubleshooting and Tuning Guide Energy management calibration .................................................................................................................. 3–63 List of Tables Table 6 Display module troubleshooting cases................................................................................................ 3–37 Table 7 Pixel defects .........................................................................................................................................
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RA-6 BB Troubleshooting and Tuning Guide Certificate restoring for BB5 products Context This procedure is performed when the device certificate is corrupted for some reason. All tunings (RF & Baseband, UI) must be done after performing the certificate restoring procedure. The procedure for certificate restoring is the following: • Flash the phone with the latest available software using FPS-8 or FPS-10. Note: USB flashing does not work for a dead BB5 phone. • Create a request file.
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RA-6 BB Troubleshooting and Tuning Guide iii Choose the product manually from File→Open Product , and click OK. Wait for the phone type designator (e.g. “RM-1” ) to be displayed in the status bar. iv Go to Flashing→SW Update and wait until Phoenix reads the product data as shown in the following picture. Product is automatically set according to the phone support module which was opened manually, but the flash files cannot be found because the correct data cannot be read from the phone automatically.
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RA-6 BB Troubleshooting and Tuning Guide Programming is completed when Flashing Completed message is displayed. The product type designator and MCU SW version are displayed in the status bar. vi Close the SW Update window and then choose File→Close Product . 2. Create a Request file. For this procedure, you must supply +12 V to CU-4 from an external power supply. i To connect the phone with Phoenix, choose File→Scan Product . ii Choose Tools→Certificate Restore .
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RA-6 BB Troubleshooting and Tuning Guide iv Name the file so that you can easily identify it, and click Open. The name of the file and its location are shown. v To create the Request file, click Start. vi When the file for certificate restore has been created, send it to Nokia as an e-mail attachment. 3. Restore certificate. For this procedure, you must supply +12 V to CU-4 from an external power supply. i Save the reply file sent by Nokia to your computer. ii Start Phoenix service software.
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RA-6 BB Troubleshooting and Tuning Guide iv From the Tools menu, choose Certificate Restore and select Process a response file in the Action pane. v To choose the location where response file is saved, click Browse. vi Click Open. The name of the file and the path where it is located are shown. vii To write the file to phone, click Start. Next actions After a successful rewrite, you must retune the phone completely by using Phoenix tuning functions. Important: Perform all tunings: RF, BB, and UI.
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RA-6 BB Troubleshooting and Tuning Guide Display module troubleshooting General instructions for display troubleshooting Context • The display is in a normal mode when the phone is in active use. • Display is in a partial idle mode when the phone is in the screen saver mode. • The operating modes of the display can be controlled with the help of Phoenix. Table 6 Display module troubleshooting cases Display blank There is no image on the display.
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RA-6 BB Troubleshooting and Tuning Guide Steps 1. Verify with a working display that the fault is not on the display module itself. The display module cannot be repaired. 2. Check that the cellular engine is working normally. i To check the functionality, connect the phone to a docking station. ii StartPhoenix service software. iii Read the phone information to check that also the application engine is functioning normally (you should be able to read the APE ID). 3.
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RA-6 BB Troubleshooting and Tuning Guide ALS troubleshooting Context • If a phototransistor is broken, replace it with a typical phototransistor. • After replacing the phototransistor or if calibration values are lost for some other reason, ALS re-tuning is required. • Before starting the ALS calibration procedure, perform the 'Pull-up resistor calibration' in dark lighting conditions, and write the measured 'correction' value to the phone.
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RA-6 BB Troubleshooting and Tuning Guide 4. Choose Tuning→Ambient Light Sensor Calibration. Figure 9 Ambient Light Sensor Calibration window 5. In the Pull Up Resistor Calibration pane, click Start, and Write. 6. In the Ambient Light Sensor Calibration pane, check the Use default values only check box, and click Write. 7. To end the calibration, click Close. Issue 1 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2007 Nokia. All rights reserved.
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RA-6 BB Troubleshooting and Tuning Guide Cover display and cover keyboard backlight troubleshooting Troubleshooting flow Issue 1 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2007 Nokia. All rights reserved.
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RA-6 BB Troubleshooting and Tuning Guide Bluetooth troubleshooting Introduction to Bluetooth troubleshooting There are two main Bluetooth problems that can occur: Problem Description Detachment of the BT antenna. This would most likely happen if the device has been dropped repeatedly to the ground. It could cause the BT antenna to become loose or partially detached from the PWB.
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RA-6 BB Troubleshooting and Tuning Guide Figure 10 BER test result Bluetooth self tests in Phoenix Steps 1. Start Phoenix service software. 2. ChooseFile→Scan Product. 3. Place the phone to a flash adapter. 4. From the Mode drop-down menu, set mode to Local. 5. Choose Testing→Self Tests. 6. In the Self Tests window check the following Bluetooth related tests: • ST_LPRF_IF_TEST • ST_LPRF_AUDIO_LINES_TEST • ST_BT_WAKEUP_TEST Page 3 –50 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2007 Nokia. All rights reserved.
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RA-6 BB Troubleshooting and Tuning Guide Bluetooth troubleshooting Troubleshooting flow Audio troubleshooting Audio troubleshooting test instructions Differential external earpiece and internal earpiece outputs can be measured either with a single-ended or a differential probe. Page 3 –52 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2007 Nokia. All rights reserved.
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RA-6 BB Troubleshooting and Tuning Guide When measuring with a single-ended probe each output is measured against the ground. Internal handsfree output is measured using a current probe, if a special low-pass filter designed for measuring a digital amplifier is not available. Note also that when using a current probe, the input signal frequency must be set to 2 kHz. The input signal for each loop test can be either single-ended or differential.
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RA-6 BB Troubleshooting and Tuning Guide Loop test External Mic in Input terminal XMICP and GND External Speaker out Output terminal HSEAR R P, HSEAR R N and GND Path gain [dB] (fixed) Input Differen Outpu Outp volta tial t DC ut ge output level curre [mVp- voltage [V] nt p] [mVp-p] [mA] 2.9 280 390 1.25 N/A 6.9 140 310 1.25 N/A 11.4 150 560 0 25 mA (calc .) NA 100 (dBA) 100 1.
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RA-6 BB Troubleshooting and Tuning Guide Measurement data Figure 12 Single-ended output waveform of the Ext_in_HP_out measurement when earpiece is connected. If a special low-pass filter designed for measuring digital amplifiers is unavailable, the measurement must be performed with a current probe and the input signal frequency must be 2kHz. Figure 13 Differential output waveform of the Ext_in_IHF_out out loop measurement when speaker is connected. Issue 1 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2007 Nokia.
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RA-6 BB Troubleshooting and Tuning Guide Figure 14 Single-ended output waveform of the HP_in_Ext_out loop when microphone is connected. Page 3 –56 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2007 Nokia. All rights reserved.
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RA-6 BB Troubleshooting and Tuning Guide Baseband manual tuning guide Energy management calibration Prerequisites Energy Management (EM) calibration is performed to calibrate the setting (gain and offset) of AD converters in several channels (that is, battery voltage, BSI, battery current) to get an accurate AD conversion result. Hardware setup: • An external power supply is needed. • Supply 12V DC from an external power supply to CU-4 to power up the phone.
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RA-6 RF troubleshooting Table of Contents General RF troubleshooting ..................................................................................................................................4–5 Introduction to RF troubleshooting ................................................................................................................4–5 RF key components ...........................................................................................................................................
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RA-6 RF troubleshooting General RF troubleshooting Introduction to RF troubleshooting Most RF semiconductors are static discharge sensitive ESD protection must be applied during repair (ground straps and ESD soldering irons).
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RA-6 RF troubleshooting RF key components Auto tuning for BB5.0 This phone can be tuned automatically. Autotune is designed to align the phone's RF part easier and faster. It performs calibrations, tunings and measurements of RX and TX. The results are displayed and logged in a result file, if initiated. Hardware set up Hardware requirements for auto tuning: • PC (Windows 2000/XP) with GPIB card Page 4 –6 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2007 Nokia. All rights reserved.
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RA-6 RF troubleshooting • Power supply • Product specific module jig • Cables: XRF-1 (RF cable), USB cable, GBIP cable and DAU-9S • Signal analyser (TX), signal generator (RX) and RF-splitter or one device including all. Figure 15 Auto tuning concept with CMU200 Phoenix preparations Install the phone specific data package, for example RA-6_dp_1.78_sw_sh3.26.exe. This defines phone specific settings.. Auto tuning procedure 1 Make sure the phone (in the jig) is connected to the equipment.
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RA-6 RF troubleshooting Self test troubleshooting Troubleshooting flow Receiver troubleshooting Introduction to receiver (RX) troubleshooting RX can be tested by making a phone call or in local mode. For the local mode testing, use Phoenix service software. The main RX troubleshooting measurement is RSSI reading. This test measures the signal strength of the received signal. For GSM RSSI measurements, see GSM RX chain activation for manual measurements/GSM RSSI measurement.
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RA-6 RF troubleshooting Results The reading should reflect the level of the signal generator (-losses) +/- 5 dB. When varying the level in the range -30 to -102 dBm the reading should then follow within +/-5 dB. WCDMA RX chain activation for manual measurement Steps 1. Via Phoenix Testing menu, choose WCDMA/RX Control. 2. In the RX control window, make the following settings: Issue 1 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2007 Nokia. All rights reserved.
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RA-6 RF troubleshooting 3. Click Start to activate the settings. If the settings are changed later on (for example, change of channel) you have to click Stop and Start again. Note: Clicking Stop also disables TX control if it was active. WCDMA RSSI measurement Prerequisites WCDMA RX must be activated before RSSI can be measured. For instructions, please refer to WCDMA RX chain activation (page 4–9). Steps 1. From the Phoenix testing menu, select WCDMA→RX Power measurement 2.
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RA-6 RF troubleshooting 3. Click Start to perform the measurement. Transmitter troubleshooting General instructions for transmitter (TX) troubleshooting Please note the following before performing transmitter tests: • TX troubleshooting requires TX operation. • Do not transmit on frequencies that are in use! • The transmitter can be controlled in local mode for diagnostic purposes.
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RA-6 RF troubleshooting 3. Check the basic TX parameters (i.e. power, phase error, modulation and switching spectrum), using a communication analyser (for example CMU200). Page 4 –12 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2007 Nokia. All rights reserved.
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RA-6 RF troubleshooting Figure 16 Typical readings 4. Change power level (RF controls) and make sure the power reading follows accordingly. Next actions If you want to troubleshoot the other bands, change band with RF controls and set the communication analyser accordingly. Issue 1 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2007 Nokia. All rights reserved.
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RA-6 RF troubleshooting GSM transmitter troubleshooting flowchart Troubleshooting flow WCDMA transmitter troubleshooting Steps 1. Set the phone to local mode. 2. In Phoenix, select Testing→WCDMA→TX control . 3. In the TX control window, make settings like in the picture: Page 4 –14 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2007 Nokia. All rights reserved.
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RA-6 RF troubleshooting 4. Click Send to enable the settings and activate TX. If settings are changed (eg. new channel), you have to click RF Stop and Send again. Issue 1 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2007 Nokia. All rights reserved.
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RA-6 Camera Module Troubleshooting Table of Contents Camera module troubleshooting..........................................................................................................................5–5 Introduction to camera module troubleshooting .........................................................................................5–5 The effect of image taking conditions on image quality ..............................................................................5–6 Image quality analysis ....
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RA-6 Camera Module Troubleshooting Camera module troubleshooting Introduction to camera module troubleshooting Background, tools and terminology Faults or complaints in camera operation can be roughly categorised into three subgroups: 1 Camera is not functional at all; no image can be taken. 2 Images can be taken but there is nothing recognizable in them.
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RA-6 Camera Module Troubleshooting Resolution Usually the amount of pixels in the camera sensor. In some occasions the term resolution is used for describing the sharpness of the images. Sensitivity Camera module's sensitivity to light. In equivalent illumination conditions, a less sensitive camera needs a longer exposure time to gather enough light in forming a good image. Analogous to ISO speed in photographic film.
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RA-6 Camera Module Troubleshooting longer exposure time and larger gain value, noise level increases in low light conditions. Sometimes blurring may even occur in daytime, if the image is taken very carelessly. See the figure below for an example. This is normal; do not change the camera module. Figure 18 Blurring caused by shaking hands Movement in bright light If an image is taken of moving objects or if the device is used in a moving vehicle, object 'skewing' or 'tilting' may occur.
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RA-6 Camera Module Troubleshooting Figure 20 Noisy image taken in +70 degrees Celsius Phone display If the display contrast is set too dark, the image quality degrades: the images may be very dark depending on the setting. If the display contrast is set too bright, image contrast appears bad and "faint". This problem is solved by setting the display contrast correctly. This is normal behaviour; do not change the camera module.
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RA-6 Camera Module Troubleshooting Figure 22 Flicker in an image; object illuminated by strong fluorescent light Bright light outside of image view Especially the sun can cause clearly visible lens glare phenomenon and poor contrast in images. This happens because of undesired reflections inside the camera optics. Generally this kind of reflections are common in all optical systems. This is normal behaviour; do not change the camera module.
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RA-6 Camera Module Troubleshooting Figure 25 Good image taken outdoors Image quality analysis Possible faults in image quality When checking for possible errors in camera functionality, knowing what error is suspected significantly helps the testing by narrowing down the amount of test cases.
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RA-6 Camera Module Troubleshooting Black spots in an image are caused by dirt particles trapped inside the optical system. Clearly visible and sharp edged black dots in an image are typically dust particles on the image sensor. These spots are searched for in the manufacturing phase, but it is possible that the camera body cavity contains a particle, which may move onto the image sensor active surface, for example, when the phone is dropped.
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RA-6 Camera Module Troubleshooting If no visible defects (items 1-4) are found, a couple of test images should be taken. Generally, a wellilluminated typical indoor scene, such as the one in Figure "Good image taken indoors", can be used as a target. The main considerations are: • The camera module has to be given time to focus correctly. Correct focusing is normally indicated with a flashing icon or green bracket in the viewfinder.
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RA-6 Camera Module Troubleshooting Figure 27 Image taken with clear protection window Figure 28 Image taken with greasy protection window Bright point light sources might cause images that have flares around the light source if the protection window is dirty. A smeared fingerprint may be hard to see on the protective window but if will affect the image quality. These flares can be avoided by cleaning the window with a suitable cloth. Page 5 –14 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2007 Nokia.
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RA-6 Camera Module Troubleshooting Figure 29 Image of point light sources taken with a clean protective window Figure 30 Image of point light sources taken with a dirty (finger print) protective window Faulty pixels in images Faulty pixels are pixels that do not respond to light in the same way as the pixels around them. There are three main types of faulty pixels, dead, stuck and hot pixels. Dead pixels are always black or significantly darker than their surrounding.
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RA-6 Camera Module Troubleshooting Figure 31 Enlargement of a hot pixel Flash photography problems Use of flash device may affect the image in many ways. • White balance errors. The image may get a wrong tone due to mixing of flash colour temperature and ambient lightning. This is unwanted but normal feature. • Dust reflections. Dust or water drops in front of the flash unit may reflect strongly to the camera sensor. See the following figure.
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RA-6 Camera Module Troubleshooting Figure 33 Exploded view of the camera module (without sensor array and PWB shown) Figure 34 Camera module top and bottom views including imaginary view cone The camera module as a component is not a repairable part, meaning that the components inside the module may not be changed. Cleaning dust from the front face is allowed only. Use clean compressed air. The main parts of the module are: • Lens unit including lens aperture.
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RA-6 Camera Module Troubleshooting • PWB, FR-4 type • Laser-marked serial numbering on PWB (for versioning) • Passive components • Camera protection window; part of the phone cover mechanics • Outer casing Main (back) camera troubleshooting flowcharts Main camera troubleshooting Troubleshooting flow Page 5 –18 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2007 Nokia. All rights reserved.
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RA-6 System Module Table of Contents Baseband description ............................................................................................................................................6–5 System module block diagram ........................................................................................................................6–5 Baseband functional description.....................................................................................................................
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RA-6 System Module SIM IF connections..................................................................................................................................... 6–29 Charger connector and charging interface connections & electrical characteristics ......................... 6–30 Internal interfaces.......................................................................................................................................... 6–30 Internal interfaces.........................................
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RA-6 System Module Baseband description System module block diagram The device consists of two different main modules: transceiver and UI. The transceiver board consists of baseband and RF components. The UI board consists of key domes and keypad backlights. Connection between the UI and the transceiver board is established via a board-to-board spring connector. Note: In this description, the user interface HW covers display, camera, keyboard, keyboard backlight and ALS.
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RA-6 System Module The application section includes an application processor ASIC with DDR/NAND combo memory as the core. Application processor The application processor is also called an application ASIC because it is processing application SW and handles the UI SW. It consists of the application processor and peripheral subsystems such as camera, display and keyboard driver blocks.
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RA-6 System Module Parameter Description Value VMSTR- Threshold for charging, falling (N2300) 1.9V (typ.) VCOFF+ Hardware cutoff (rising) 2.9V (typ.) VCOFF- Hardware cutoff (falling) 2.6V (typ.) SWCOFF SW cutoff limit ~3.2V The master reset threshold controls the internal reset of EM ASICs. If battery voltage is above VMSTR, N2300 charging control logic is alive. Also, RTC is active and supplied from the main battery.
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RA-6 System Module Power supply components: • • • • • • • • EM ASIC N2200 EM ASIC N2300 EM ASIC N4200 Application processor VCORE_APE, VIO_APE N4200 WLAN module supplies: N5501, N5502 and N5503 Camera supplies: N8901, N8902 and N8903 Mini SD regulator: N4200 VMMC_APE Flash LED driver: D8940 All the above are powered by the main battery voltage. Battery voltage is also used on the RF side for power amplifiers (GSM PA & WCDMA PA) and for RF ASICs. Discrete power supplies are used to generate 2.8 V to BT, 3.
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RA-6 System Module 32k Sleep Clock is always powered on after startup. Sleep clock is used by RAP and the application processor for low-power operation. SMPS Clk is 2.4 MHz clock line from RAP to EM ASIC N2300 used for switch mode regulator synchronizing in active mode. In deep sleep mode, when VCTCXO is off, this signal is set to '0'-state. BT Clk is 38.4 MHz signal from the RF ASIC to the Bluetooth system.
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RA-6 System Module Bluetooth Bluetooth is an open specification for wireless communication of data and voice. It is based on a low-cost short-range radio link between two or more devices. The traditional example is a link between a mobile phone and a laptop computer or a headset. Bluetooth provides a fully digital link for communication between a master unit and one or more slave units.
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RA-6 System Module Figure 39 WLAN block diagram lrda interface IrDA specifies a low-cost, reliable, fully digital peer-to-peer data link between IrDA units at data rates to 115.2k bits/s. The link is based on the serial transmission of data as pulses of infrared light at the wave length of 870 nm and angles of +-15 degrees at the range 0 - 50 to 100 cm.
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RA-6 System Module Figure 40 Interconnections between application processor, EM ASICs, and IR module SIM interface The device has one SIM (Subscriber Identification Module) interface. The interface is located in two ASICs; digital ASIC RAP contains most of the interface functionality and the mixed signal EM ASIC (N2200) takes care of power up/down, card detect, ATR counting and level shifting. The SIM IF is shown in the following figure: When smart card is inserted the supplied voltage is first 1.8V.
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RA-6 System Module SD card interface The SD card connector is mounted on the user interface PWB. The SD card is supplied with 3 V supply voltage. The detection of the SD card removal/insertion is done by a switch in the card connector. Removing the SD card while writing to the card may corrupt data in the SD card. GPS interface The device includes an inbuilt GPS receiver and it works as a stand-alone positioning device. The antenna is located below the main keypad in the bottom of the product.
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RA-6 System Module Battery interface The phone is powered by a 3-pole BL-5F battery. The three poles are named VBAT, BSI and GND where the BSI line is used to recognize the battery capacity. This is done by means of an internal battery pull down resistor. Figure 42 Battery pin order Battery temperature is estimated by measuring separate battery temperature NTC via the BTEMP line, which is located on the main PWB, at a place where the phone temperature is most stabile.
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RA-6 System Module Camera characteristics Main camera characteristics Sensor type CMOS Sensor photo detectors 5.0 million (2592 x 1944 pixels) F number/Aperture f/2.8 Focal length 5.6/35 mm (35 mm equal) Focus range 10 cm to infinity Still Image resolutions up to 5 Megapixel: 2592x1944 Still images file format EXIF (JPEG), *.
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RA-6 System Module Figure 44 Simplified flash LED connection Secondary camera characteristics Sensor type CMOS Sensor Photo detectors CIF F number/Aperture f/2.8 Focal length 43 mm (35mm equivalent) Focus range 10 cm to infinity Still Image resolutions QVGA Still images file format JPEG/EXIF User interface Display interfaces MeSSI output from application processor is multiplexed to display buffer and to cover display.
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RA-6 System Module Main display Display module mechanical concept Display features: • Module size (width x height x thickness) 35.8 mm,51.2 mm, 2.215 mm • Resolution QVGA (240*320) • Numbers of colours up to 16.7M • Partial display function; power saving by pausing display process on part of the screen. • Built-in RAM capacity 240 columns x 320 rows x 24 bits The display has two different operating modes: • Normal mode, Full screen, 16.
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RA-6 System Module PDA display Display features: • Module size (width x height x thickness) 102.3mm x 49.044mm x 2.12mm (across panel) 3.9mm (across connector) • Resolution 800*352 • Numbers of colours up to 16.7M • 1 pixel data memory (24 bit) • Transflective optics, normal black The display has two different interfaces: • CDP (Compact Display Port) interface for data transmission. CDP is a high speed serial interface with differential clock channel and two differential data channels (total 6 wires).
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RA-6 System Module • Cover keyboard (S60 keyboard) • PDA keyboard Cover keyboard Cover keyboard domes are assembled on 1NP UI-FLEX. Keyboard matrix consists also SEND, END and two SW keys that are located on both sides of PDA display. 1NP UI-FLEX is assembled to the chassis part of phone. If there’s failure on these parts, whole chassis assy has to be replaced.
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RA-6 System Module ALS interface Ambient Light Sensor consists following components: • Lightguide (part of A-cover) • Ambient Light Sensor (ALS). ALS is logarithmic, which response to light is similar to human eye.
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RA-6 System Module • 32.768kHz clock with external crystal • Real time clock with external backup battery • SIM card interface • Stereo audio codecs and amplifiers • A/D converter • Regulators • Vibra interface • Digital interface (CBUS) Device memories RAP memories NOR flash and SDRAM Modem memory consists of 128 Mbit SDRAM and 128 Mbit NOR flash memories. Combo memory The application memory of the device consists of NAND/DDR combo memory.
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RA-6 System Module Figure 45 Audio block diagram Internal microphone The internal microphone is used for HandPortable (HP) and Internal HandsFree (IHF) call modes, and camcorder stereo recording. Two digital MEMS microphones are connected to the RAP ASIC (D2800) via an analogue switch IC (N2150). The microphone power and clock signals are controlled by this switch. Page 6 –24 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2007 Nokia. All rights reserved.
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RA-6 System Module Figure 46 Internal microphone circuitry in UI flex PWB Figure 47 Internal microphone circuitry in engine PWB External microphone Galvanic accessories are connected to the system connector. Accessory audio mode is automatically enabled/disabled during connection/disconnection of dedicated phone accessories. Figure 48 External microphone circuitry Internal earpiece The internal earpiece is used in the HandPortable (HP) call mode.
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RA-6 System Module Figure 49 Internal speaker circuitry External earpiece All galvanic accessories are connected to the system connector. The accessory audio mode is automatically enabled/disabled during connection/disconnection of dedicated phone accessories. The EM ASIC (N2200) provides two output channels in either single-ended or differential format. N2200 outputs XearL and XearLC form the left channel audio output, and XearR and XearRC the right channel audio output.
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RA-6 System Module SMD microphone handling The membranes of SMD microphones are fragile and break easily. It is strictly forbidden to expose the membrane to a vacuum or to a "compressed air pistol" during cleaning of the board at any phase without protecting the microphone from the high pressure air. Note: It is strictly forbidden to touch the membrane. It is recommended that the microphone is not touched manually at all. Vibra circuitry Vibra is used for the vibra alarm function.
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RA-6 System Module Figure 52 External audio connector Table 10 Audio connector pin assignments Pin #/ Signal name Signal description Spectral range Voltage/ Current levels Max or nominal serial impedance Notes 1/ Charge V Charge DC 0-9V/ 0.85A 2/ GND Charge GND - 0.85A 100mΩ (PWB+ conn.) 3/ ACI ACI 1kbits/s Digital 0 / 47Ω Insertion & removal detection 100mΩ (PWB+ conn.) 200mW Audio, video multiplex 2.5-2.78V 4/ Vout DC out DC 2.78V 70 mA 2.
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RA-6 System Module Baseband technical specifications External interfaces External interfaces Name of Connection Connector reference USB X2001 (on engine PWB) Charger X2000 (on engine PWB) Headset X2001 SIM X2 (on SDSIM flexi) Mini SD X1 (on SDSIM flexi) Battery connector X2070 (on engine PWB) TV-out X2001 (on engine PWB) VOUT electrical characteristics Description Parameter Vout regulator for external accessories VOUT Min Max 2.43 2.57 Typical 2.
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RA-6 System Module Charger connector and charging interface connections & electrical characteristics Figure 53 Charger connector Table 11 Charging interface connections Pin Signal 1 Vchar 2 Charge GND I/O In Engine connection N2300 VCharIn1, 2 Ground Notes Charging voltage / charger detection, Center pin Charger ground Table 12 Charging IF electrical characteristics Description Parameter Vchar V Charge Vchar I Charge Min 0 Charge GND Max Unit Notes 9 V Center pin 0.
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RA-6 System Module Name of Connection Connector reference Vibra M2100 Microphone B2100 Earpiece B2101 IHF speaker B2102 UI connections Table 13 User interface connections Pin 1 Signal I/O GND Engine connection GND 2 LED+ <- N2301 VLEDOUT2 3 Col2 -> D4800 Kbc_2 -> R2305 + V2300 SETCURR2 D4800 Kbc_1 Voice switch connection LED- 5 Col1 6 GND 7 Row3 -> D4800 Kbr_3 8 Row2 -> D4800 Kbr_2 9 Row1 -> D4800 Kbr_1 10 Row6 -> D4800 Kbr_6 11 Row0 -> D4800 Kbr_
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RA-6 System Module Back-up battery interface electrical characteristics Table 14 Back-up battery connections Pin name L2207, VBack I/O -> Connection N2200, VBack Notes Back-up battery G2200 is connected to N2200 via coil Table 15 Back-up battery electrical characteristics Description Parameter Back-Up Battery Voltage Vback Min 0 Typ 2.5 Max 2.
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RA-6 System Module Receiver (RX) An analogue signal is received by the phone's antenna. The signal is converted to a digital signal and is then transferred further to the baseband (eg. to the earpiece). The receiver functions are implemented in the RF ASIC. Signals with different frequencies take different paths, therefore being handled by different components. The principle of GSM and WCDMA is the same. Transmitter (TX) The digital baseband signal (eg.
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RA-6 Glossary A/D-converter Analog-to-digital converter ACI Accessory Control Interface ADC Analog-to-digital converter ADSP Application DPS (expected to run high level tasks) AGC Automatic gain control (maintains volume) ALS Ambient light sensor AMSL After Market Service Leader ARM Advanced RISC Machines ARPU Average revenue per user (per month or per year) ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit ASIP Application Specific Interface Protector B2B Board to board, connector between
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RA-6 Glossary DPLL Digital Phase Locked Loop DSP Digital Signal Processor DtoS Differential to Single ended EDGE Enhanced data rates for global/GSM evaluation EGSM Extended GSM EM Energy management EMC Electromagnetic compability EMI Electromagnetic interference ESD Electrostatic discharge FCI Functional cover interface FPS Flash Programming Tool FR Full rate FSTN Film compensated super twisted nematic GND Ground, conductive mass GPIB General-purpose interface bus GPRS General
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RA-6 Glossary LPRF Low Power Radio Frequency MCU Micro Controller Unit (microprocessor) MCU Multiport control unit MIC, mic Microphone MIDP Mobile Information Device Profile MIN Mobile identification number MIPS Million instructions per second MMC Multimedia card MMS Multimedia messaging service NTC Negative temperature coefficient, temperature sensitive resistor used as a temperature sensor OMA Object management architechture OMAP Operations, maintenance, and administartion part Opa
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RA-6 Glossary SARAM Single Access RAM SAW filter Surface Acoustic Wave filter SDRAM Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory SID Security ID SIM Subscriber Identity Module SMPS Switched Mode Power Supply SNR Signal-to-noice ratio SPR Standard Product requirements SRAM Static random access memory STI Serial Trace Interface SW Software SWIM Subscriber/Wallet Identification Module TCXO Temperature controlled Oscillator Tiku Finnish for Chip, Successor of the UPP TX Radio Transmitte