User Guide

ManualsBrandsNokia ManualsHome Safety Product9500

Issue 1 09/04 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL

Nokia Customer Care

7 - RF Description and

Troubleshooting

Summary of content (56 pages)

PAGE 3
RA-2/3 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care Table of Contents Page No CMT RF................................................................................................................. 5 Top-level description.......................................................................................... 5 RA-2 test point locations ................................................................................... 6 Test points ..........................................................
PAGE 4
RA-2/3 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care Table of Contents Page No Pictures of synthesizer signals .................................................................. 45 Frequency Lists .............................................................................................. 48 GSM850 .................................................................................................... 48 GSM900 (including EGSM900) ................................................................
PAGE 5
RA-2/3 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care CMT RF ■ Top-level description The RF module performs the necessary high frequency operations of the GSM850/EGSM900/ 1800/1900 tripleband (EDGE) engine. Both the transmitter and receiver have been implemented by using direct conversion architecture which means that the modulator and demodulator operate at the channel frequency. The core of the RF is an application-specific integrated circuit, Helgo.
PAGE 6
RA-2/3 Nokia Customer Care 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting ■ RA-2 test point locations Figure 1: Top view C7536 L2335 C7553 C7506 R2126 J7503 J2800 J2803 J2802 J2810 R2125 C7583 J7504 C2006 N4490 pin3&4 C6428 R2004 G6400 C2005 pin3 N6400 RefClk C6302 C6433 pins 39-42 C6307 N6300 pin3 N6302 pin3 C6455 R6411 C6456 C6401 N6405 C6314 D6310 C6404 pin2 R6428 pins 5&6R6305 N6300 pin5 C6446 J4815 R6402 C6445 L4202 C6310 R6405 R6404 N6303 pin4 C6407 N6303 pin3 L4201 C4204 R6304 C4211 C5083 C5089
PAGE 7
RA-2/3 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care Figure 2: Bottom view X2021 pins Charge 11-14 X2021 pins 6&7 L2020 C2038 Mic R2001 C2037 N6402 Bluetooth pins 1&3 SIM C4202 MMC C5200 R4202 N4400 B-Cover switch GND R4422 R5202 J4413 J4414 Trace Production testpoints J3180 J3181 J3100 J3101 J3103 J3106 J3107 Battery J3182 J3102 J3104 J3109 J3108 J5104 J5100 J5105 J5103 J5101 J5102 J5108 J5107 J5106 J2122 J2120 J2121 J2020 J2021 J2022 Zocus J2031 N7100 IHF J2032 J20
PAGE 8
RA-2/3 Nokia Customer Care 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting ■ Test points Table 1: Rx test points Signal name: Ref: LNA_VCC V7802 LNA_IN V7802 LNA_P V7802 RXI J7510 RXQ J7511 Table 2: Antenna switch test points Signal name: Ref: VANT_1 Z7800 VANT_2 Z7800 VANT_3 Z7800 GSM_Rx Z7800 DCS_Rx Z7800 PCS_Rx Z7800 TX_IN_EGSM/850 Z7800 Table 3: Helgo serial interface test points Signal name: 8 Ref: RFBusClk J7501 RFBusEna1 J7502 RFBusData J7509 Reset J7503 COMPANY CONFIDE
PAGE 9
RA-2/3 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care Table 4: Synthesizer test points Signal name: Ref: VCO_out G7500 VCTCXO_out G7501 Table 5: GSM900/850 Rx helgo input test points Ref: RX filter Z7809 Inductor L7809 Inductor L7810 Table 6: GSM1800 Rx helgo input test points Ref: Filter Z7808 Inductor L7823 Inductor L7822 Inductor L7830 Table 7: GSM1900 Rx helgo input test points Ref: Inductor L7805 Table 8: Tx PA input test points Signal name: Ref: Rfin_900/850 C770
PAGE 10
RA-2/3 Nokia Customer Care 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting RfinP_1800_1900 C7709 RfinM_1800_1900 C7710 Table 10: PA control signal test points Signal name: Ref: VPCTRL_900 R7715 VPCTRL_1800_1900 R7711 TXIM C7535 TXIP C7535 TXQM C7536 TXQP C7536 TXC R7522 TXP J7504 (test pad) Table 11: Rx test points Signal name: 10 Ref: VR1 C7551 VR2 C7520 VR3 C7583 VR4 C7510 VR5 C7553 VR6 C7506 VR7 R7500 VrefRF01 R7525 VBAT C7725 VTXB_900 C7713 VTXB_1800_1900 C7714 COM
PAGE 11
RA-2/3 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care ■ RF implementation in RA-2/3 Frequency plan The RF frequency plan is shown below. The VCO operates at the channel frequency multiplied by two or four depending on the frequency band of operation. This means that the baseband modulated signals are directly converted up to the transmission frequency and the received RF signals directly down to the baseband frequency.
PAGE 12
RA-2/3 Nokia Customer Care 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting RF block diagram Helgo Antenna switch module (ASM) Figure 4: ASM 12 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
PAGE 13
RA-2/3 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care DC characteristics Regulators The transceiver baseband section has a multi function analog ASIC, UEM, which contains among other functions six pieces of 2.78 V linear regulators and a 4.8 V switching regulator. All the regulators can be controlled individually by the 2.78 V logic directly or through a control register.
PAGE 14
RA-2/3 Nokia Customer Care 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Typical current consumption The table shows the typical current consumption in different operation modes. Operation mode 14 Current consumption Power OFF < 10 uA Rx, EGSM900/GSM850 75 mA, peak Rx, GSM1800/GSM1900 70 mA, peak Tx, power level 5, EGSM900/ GSM850 1700 mA, peak Tx, power level 0, GSM1800/ GSM1900 1000 mA, peak Notes Leakage current (triple band PA) COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
PAGE 15
RA-2/3 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care Power distribution diagram Figure 6: Power distribution diagram HELGO LNA GSM1800/ 1900 Issue 1 09/04 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
PAGE 16
RA-2/3 Nokia Customer Care 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting ■ RF characteristics Channel numbers and frequencies System Channel number Tx frequency Rx frequency Unit GSM850 128< =n <=251 F= 824.2+0.2* (n 128) F= 869,2+0.2* (n -128) MHz GSM900 0 < =n <=124 F = 890 + 0.2 * n F = 935 + 0.2 * n MHz 975<= n <= 1023 F= 890+0.2* (n -1024) F= 935+0.2* (n -1024) MHz GSM1800 512 <= n <= 885 F=1710.2+0.2*(n-512) F=1805.2+0.2*(n-512) MHz GSM1900 512 <= n <=810 F=1850.2+0.
PAGE 17
RA-2/3 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care RF Troubleshooting All measurements should be done using a spectrum analyzer with a high-frequency high-impedance passive probe (LO-/reference frequencies and RF power levels) and an oscilloscope with a 10:1 probe (DC-voltages and low frequency signals). The RF section is build around one RF ASIC (HELGO N7500). For easier troubleshooting, this RF troubleshooting document is divided into sections.
PAGE 18
RA-2/3 Nokia Customer Care 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Receiver characteristics Item Values, GSM850/EGSM900/1800/1900 Type Direct conversion, Linear, FDMA/TDMA LO frequencies 3476...3576/3700...3840 MHz / 3610...3760 MHz/3860...3980 MHz Typical 3 dB bandwidth +/- 91 kHz Sensitivity min.
PAGE 19
RA-2/3 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care General instructions for Rx troubleshooting To start Rx troubleshooting: 1. Connect test jig to a computer with a DAU-9S cable or to a FPS-8 flash prommer with an XCS-4 modular cable. Make sure that you have PKD-1 dongle connected to the computer’s parallel port. 2. Connect a DC power supply to the module test jig with an FLC-2 cable. 3. Set the DC supply voltage to 3.6 V. 4.
PAGE 20
RA-2/3 Nokia Customer Care 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Figure 7: Rx I/Q signal, burst mode, input level –90dBm • Receiver I or Q burst mode signal (channel 37) measured from test point RXI or RXQ with 942.46771 MHz signal, input level –90dBm at RF-connector. Correct signal amplitudes approximately: GSM850~170mVpp GSM900~170mVpp GSM1800~140mVpp GSM1900~160mVpp Signal part frequency 67.7kHz sine. DC level of signal part is 1.35V.
PAGE 21
RA-2/3 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care I and Q signals and between different bands as well. GSM1900 receiver burst mode I or Q signal at ch 661 with input signal 1960.067MHz, level –90 dBm at RF-connector. Trace2: With wider time scaling both monitoring and own Rx bursts are seen, 1st burst (shorter) is monitoring and 2nd burst (longer) is own Rx burst. Trace1: External LNA VCC supply voltage at burst mode, input level –90 dBm.
PAGE 22
RA-2/3 Nokia Customer Care 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Figure 8: GSM1900 Rx I or Q signal (trace2), burst mode. Detailed view of GSM900 continuous mode Rx I and Q signals measured from test points RXI and RXQ simultaneously. Used channel 37, input signal 942.46771 MHz, level –90 dBm at antenna port, AGC setting 12. Phase difference should be 90 degrees between Rx I and Q signals at all bands. 22 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
PAGE 23
RA-2/3 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care Troubleshooting diagram for GSM850 receiver Phone in “Continuous” mode, AGC setting “12”. Issue 1 09/04 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
PAGE 24
RA-2/3 Nokia Customer Care 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Troubleshooting diagram for GSM900 receiver Phone in “Continuous” mode, AGC setting “12”. 24 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
PAGE 25
RA-2/3 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care Troubleshooting diagram for GSM1800 receiver Phone in “Continuous” mode, AGC setting “12. Issue 1 09/04 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
PAGE 26
RA-2/3 Nokia Customer Care 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Troubleshooting diagram for GSM1900 receiver Phone in “Continuous” mode, AGC setting “12. 26 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
PAGE 27
RA-2/3 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care ■ Transmitter description and troubleshooting The transmitter consists of: • two final frequency IQ-modulators • two power amplifiers, for the lower and upper bands separately • power control loop. The IQ-modulators are integrated in Helgo, as well as the operational amplifiers of the power control loop. The two power amplifiers are located in a single module with a power detector.
PAGE 28
RA-2/3 Nokia Customer Care • 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting GSM850/EGSM900 and GSM1800 low noise amplifier (LNA) are integrated. The Helgo can be tested by test points only. AFC function AFC is used to lock the transceiver’s clock to the frequency of the base station. Transmitter characteristics Item Values (GSM850/EGSM900/1800/1900) Type Direct conversion, nonlinear, FDMA/TDMA LO frequency range 3296...3396/3520...3660 MHz/3420...3570 MHz/3700...
PAGE 29
RA-2/3 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care 7. From the toolbar, set operating mode to "Local". 8. From the Testing menu, choose “RF Controls”. 9. In the “RF Controls” window: - Select band “GSM 850”, "GSM900" or "GSM 1800" or "GSM1900" (Default = "GSM900" RA-2, Default= “GSM850” RA-3). - Set Active unit to "Tx" (Default = "Rx"). - Set Operation mode to "Burst" (Default = "Burst"). - Set Tx data type to "Random" (Default = "All1").
PAGE 33
RA-2/3 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care Pictures of transmitter signals VPCTRL 850/900 power level 5 at R7703/C7703 VPCRTL_1800/1900 power level 0 at R7704/C7704 TXI/TXQ TX signals at R7516/R7515/C7535/C7536 I TXC 850/900 power level 5 at R7522 VTXB 850/900 at C7713 VTXB_1800/1900 at C7714 VANT_1 at C7805 VANT_2 at C7804 VANT_3 at C7538 Issue 1 09/04 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
PAGE 35
RA-2/3 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care ■ Additional information for EDGE troubleshooting Note! EDGE mode troubleshooting differs slightly from basic GSM troubleshooting. To start EDGE troubleshooting: 1. Initialize a connection to the phone (see GSM850/900/1800/1900 troubleshooting instructions). 2. To select a product in Phoenix: From the File menu, choose “Choose Product “and select RA-2/RA-3 from the list or from the File menu, choose “Scan Product”. 3.
PAGE 37
RA-2/3 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care HELGO EDGE troubleshooting diagram Helgo EDGE troubleshooting Check with oscilloscope: -TXI/TXQ signals -VR1, VR2, VR4, VR5, VR6 =2.8V -VrefRF01 = 1.35V -Helgo serial interface -TXP & TXC & TXA OK? No Baseband troubleshooting Yes Check with RF probe: 4G VCO signal output: -3346.4MHz(GSM850) -3589.6MHz (GSM900) -3589.6MHz(GSM900) -3495.6MHz (GSM1800) -3495.
PAGE 39
RA-2/3 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care Pictures of EDGE transmitter signals Figure 11: I_ref_1800/1900 power level 2 at R7700/C7700 Figure 12: VTXB 1800/1900 power level 2 at C7714 Issue 1 09/04 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
PAGE 40
RA-2/3 Nokia Customer Care 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Figure 13: TXI/TXQ signal at C7535/C7536/R7516/R7517 Figure 14: TXA 850/900/1800/1900 at C7538 40 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
PAGE 41
RA-2/3 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care Figure 15: VTXB 850/900 power level 8 at C7713 Figure 16: I_ref 850/900 power level 8 at R7701/C7701 Issue 1 09/04 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
PAGE 43
RA-2/3 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care ■ Synthesizer description and troubleshooting Frequency synthesizers The VCO frequency is locked by a PLL (phase locked loop) into a stable frequency source given by a VCTCXO which is running at 26 MHz. The frequency of the VCTCXO is in turn locked into the frequency of the base station with the help of an AFC voltage which is generated in UEM by an 11 bit D/A converter. The PLL is located in Helgo and it is controlled through the RFBus.
PAGE 44
RA-2/3 Nokia Customer Care 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Troubleshooting diagram for synthesizer Setup with Phoenix: Active Unit: Rx Mode: Continuous Channel: 190 (GSM850) 37 (GSM900) 700 (GSM1800) 661 (GSM1900) Troubleshooting diagram for synthesizer Spectrum analyzer No Check with RF probe VCO (G7500) out signal: -3526.4MHz(GSM850) -3769.6MHz(GSM900) -3685.6MHz(GSM1800) -3920MHz(GSM1900) Level > -10dBm * OK? Yes Oscilloscope VCTCXO Supply Check supply filter components : C2232, C7590.
PAGE 45
RA-2/3 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care Pictures of synthesizer signals Figure 18: 26MHz at G501 pin out Figure 19: 26MHz RFCLK at R420/C420 Issue 1 09/04 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
PAGE 46
RA-2/3 Nokia Customer Care 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Figure 20: 1800 Tx, channel 512, burst mode Figure 21: 1900 Rx, channel 810, continuous mode 46 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
PAGE 47
RA-2/3 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care Figure 22: VCO output, 1800 band, ch700, Rx on, continuous output Marker 1 [T1] Ref Lvl -15.59 dBm -12 dBm 3.68560301 GHz -12 RBW 10 kHz VBW 10 kHz SWT 25 ms RF Att Unit 10 dB dBm 1 A -20 -30 -40 1VIEW 1MA -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 -100 -112 Center 3.6856 GHz Date: Issue 1 09/04 29.APR.2003 100 kHz/ Span 1 MHz 13:41:26 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
PAGE 48
RA-2/3 Nokia Customer Care 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Frequency Lists GSM850 CH TX RX VCO TX VCO RX CH TX RX VCO TX VCO RX 128 824.2 869.2 3296.8 3476.8 190 836.6 881.6 3346.4 3526.4 129 824.4 869.4 3297.6 3477.6 191 836.8 881.8 3347.2 3527.2 130 824.6 869.6 3298.4 3478.4 192 837.0 882.0 3348.0 3528.0 131 824.8 869.8 3299.2 3479.2 193 837.2 882.2 3348.8 3528.8 132 825.0 870.0 3300.0 3480.0 194 837.4 882.4 3349.6 3529.6 133 825.2 870.2 3300.8 3480.8 195 837.6 882.6 3350.4 3530.4 134 825.4 870.
PAGE 49
RA-2/3 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care GSM900 (including EGSM900) CH TX RX VCO TX VCO RX CH TX RX VCO TX VCO RX 975 880.2 925.2 3520.8 3700.8 1 890.2 935.2 3560.8 3740.8 976 880.4 925.4 3521.6 3701.6 2 890.4 935.4 3561.6 3741.6 977 880.6 925.6 3522.4 3702.4 3 890.6 935.6 3562.4 3742.4 978 880.8 925.8 3523.2 3703.2 4 890.8 935.8 3563.2 3743.2 979 881.0 926.0 3524.0 3704.0 5 891.0 936.0 3564.0 3744.0 980 881.2 926.2 3524.8 3704.8 6 891.2 936.2 3564.8 3744.8 981 881.4 926.4 3525.
PAGE 50
RA-2/3 Nokia Customer Care 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting GSM1800 CH 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 519 520 521 522 523 524 525 526 527 528 529 530 531 532 533 534 535 536 537 538 539 540 541 542 543 544 545 546 547 548 549 550 551 552 553 554 555 556 557 558 559 560 561 562 563 564 565 566 567 568 569 570 50 TX 1710.2 1710.4 1710.6 1710.8 1711.0 1711.2 1711.4 1711.6 1711.8 1712.0 1712.2 1712.4 1712.6 1712.8 1713.0 1713.2 1713.4 1713.6 1713.8 1714.0 1714.2 1714.4 1714.6 1714.8 1715.0 1715.2 1715.
PAGE 51
RA-2/3 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting GSM1900 CH 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 519 520 521 522 523 524 525 526 527 528 529 530 531 532 533 534 535 536 537 538 539 540 541 542 543 544 545 546 547 548 549 550 551 552 553 554 555 556 557 558 559 560 561 562 563 564 565 566 567 568 569 570 TX 1850.2 1850.4 1850.6 1850.8 1851.0 1851.2 1851.4 1851.6 1851.8 1852.0 1852.2 1852.4 1852.6 1852.8 1853.0 1853.2 1853.4 1853.6 1853.8 1854.0 1854.2 1854.4 1854.6 1854.8 1855.0 1855.2 1855.4 1855.6 1855.8 1856.
PAGE 52
RA-2/3 Nokia Customer Care 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting ■ RF tunings after repairs The following tunings have to be performed after repairs: • Repairs in the Tx part require "Tx Power Level Tuning". • When component replacements around the modulator area (RF path from UEM via RF ASIC to RF PA) have been done, "Tx IQ Tuning" is additionally required. • In general Rx repairs, the front-end always requires "Rx Calibration" and “Rx Band Filter Calibration” for all three bands.
PAGE 53
RA-2/3 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care WLAN RF Description WLAN RF has functionality required for IEEE802.11b 2.4 GHz high-rate WLAN. The radio is half-duplex with no frequency duplex. Transmission and receiving is on the same frequency. Transmission times are determined by running a distributed medium access control protocol leaning on clear channel assessment and back-off procedures. The protocol is known as CSMA/CA, Carrier Sense Multiple Access / Collision Avoidance.
PAGE 54
RA-2/3 Nokia Customer Care 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting ■ RF operating modes The MAX2821 has four primary modes of operation: shutdown, standby, receive active and transmit active. The modes are controlled with RF_ENA, TX_ENA and RX_ENA signals. Table 13: RF operating modes Mode /SHDN Tx Rx Shutdown 0 X X Stand-by 1 0 0 Receive 1 0 1 Transmit 1 1 0 Note PLL on Transmitter The RF block diagram is shown in the figure below: Figure 23: WLAN RF block diagram.
PAGE 55
RA-2/3 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care ceiver. The transmitter harmonics are attenuated at the RF filter to a required level. The Tx/Rx switch, BT/WLAN switch, RF filter, RF test connector and antenna are common to BT and WLAN in RA-2/3. Table 14: Transmitter characteristics Parameter Value Typical output power (mean power) 17.