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Issue 1 12/04 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL

Nokia Customer Care

7 - RF Description and

Troubleshooting

Summary of content (52 pages)

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RAE-6/RA-4 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care Table of Contents Page No CMT RF................................................................................................................. 5 Top-level description.......................................................................................... 5 RAE-6 test point locations................................................................................. 6 Test points ........................................................
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RAE-6/RA-4 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care CMT RF ■ Top-level description The RF module performs the necessary high frequency operations of the GSM850/EGSM900/ 1800/1900 tripleband (EDGE) engine. Both the transmitter and receiver have been implemented by using direct conversion architecture which means that the modulator and demodulator operate at the channel frequency. The core of the RF is an application-specific integrated circuit, Honi.
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RAE-6/RA-4 Nokia Customer Care 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting ■ RAE-6 test point locations Figure 1: Top view G7500 R7500 C7506 C7505 J7500 RXI J7510 TXQM J7509 TXQP J7512 TXIP G7501 R7503 J7511 TXIM J7508 TXC L7500 J7501 RXQ L7604 L7603 Z7601 J7503 RFBusClk L7602 L7601 J7504 RFBusEna1 C7516 Z7602 R7602 J7502 RFBusData Z7603 R7601 C7706 C7705 C7721 Z7600 6 C7702 R7705 R7707 R7710 R7712 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
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RAE-6/RA-4 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care Figure 2: Bottom view J7507 TXP RF test connection ■ Test points Table 1: Rx test points Signal name: Issue 1 12/04 Ref: LNAB_P Z7603 LNA_P Z7603 RXI J7500 RXQ J7501 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
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RAE-6/RA-4 Nokia Customer Care 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Table 2: Antenna switch test points Signal name: Ref: VANT_1 Z7600 VANT_2 Z7600 VANT_3 Z7600 GSM_Rx Z7600 DCS_Rx Z7600 PCS_Rx Z7600 TX_IN_EGSM/850 Z7600 Table 3: Honi serial interface test points Signal name: Ref: RFBusClk J7503 RFBusEna1 J7504 RFBusData J7502 Reset J7505 Table 4: Synthesizer test points Signal name: Ref: VCO_out G7500 VCTCXO_out G7501 Table 5: GSM900/850 Rx Honi input test points Ref: 8
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RAE-6/RA-4 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care Table 6: GSM1800 Rx Honi input test points Ref: Filter Z7602 Inductor L7601 Inductor L7602 Table 7: GSM1900 Rx Honi input test points Ref: BAW-LNA Z7603 pin 7 Resistor R7601 Resistor R7602 Table 8: Tx PA input test points Signal name: Ref: Rfin_900/850 R7705 Rfin_1800/190 R7710 Table 9: Tx filter/balun input test points Signal name: Issue 1 12/04 Ref: RfinP_900 C7721 RfinM_900 C7721 RfinP_1800_1900 C7705 RfinM
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RAE-6/RA-4 Nokia Customer Care 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Table 10: PA control signal test points Signal name: Ref: VPCTRL_900 R7707 VPCTRL_1800_1900 R7712 TXIM J7511 TXIP J7512 TXQM J7510 TXQP J7509 TXC J7508 TXP J7507 (test pad) TXA J7506 Table 11: Rx test points Signal name: Ref: VR1 VR2 C7516 VR3 L7500 VR4 10 VR5 C7505 VR6 C7506 VR7 R7500 VrefRF01 R7503 VBAT C7702 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
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RAE-6/RA-4 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care ■ RF implementation in RAE-6/RA-4 Frequency plan The RF frequency plan is shown below. The VCO operates at the channel frequency multiplied by two or four depending on the frequency band of operation. This means that the baseband modulated signals are directly converted up to the transmission frequency and the received RF signals directly down to the baseband frequency.
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RAE-6/RA-4 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care Antenna switch module (ASM) Figure 4: ASM DC characteristics Regulators The transceiver baseband section has a multi function analog ASIC, UEM, which contains among other functions six pieces of 2.78 V linear regulators and a 4.8 V switching regulator. All the regulators can be controlled individually by the 2.78 V logic directly or through a control register.
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RAE-6/RA-4 Nokia Customer Care 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting DC supply currents Figure 5: DC power supplies Typical current consumption The table shows the typical current consumption in different operation modes.
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RAE-6/RA-4 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care Power distribution diagram Figure 6: Power distribution diagram Honi LNA GSM1900 Issue 1 12/04 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
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RAE-6/RA-4 Nokia Customer Care 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting ■ RF characteristics Channel numbers and frequencies System Channel number TX frequency RX frequency Unit GSM850 128 <= n <= 251 F = 824.2+0.2*(n-128) F =869.2+0.2*(n-128) MHz EGSM 0 <= n <=124 F = 890 + 0.2 * n F = 935 + 0.2 * n MHz 975 <= n <= 1023 F= 890+0.2* (n -1024) F= 935+0.2* (n -1024) MHz DCS1800 512 <= n <= 885 F=1710.2+0.2*(n-512) F=1805.2+0.2*(n-512) MHz PCS1900 512 <= n <=810 F=1850.2+0.
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RAE-6/RA-4 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care RF Troubleshooting All measurements should be done using a spectrum analyzer with a high-frequency high-impedance passive probe (LO-/reference frequencies and RF power levels) and an oscilloscope with a 10:1 probe (DC-voltages and low frequency signals). The RF section is build around one RF ASIC (Honi N7500). For easier troubleshooting, this RF troubleshooting document is divided into sections.
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RAE-6/RA-4 Nokia Customer Care 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Receiver characteristics Item Values (GSM850/900/1800/1900) Type Direct conversion, Linear, FDMA/TDMA LO frequencies 3476…3576 MHz / 3700...3840 MHz / 3610...3760 MHz / 3860…3980 MHz Typical 3 dB bandwidth +/- 91 kHz Sensitivity min.
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RAE-6/RA-4 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care General instructions for Rx troubleshooting To start Rx troubleshooting: 1. Connect test jig to a computer with a DAU-9S cable or to a FPS-8 flash prommer with an XCS-4 modular cable. Make sure that you have PKD-1 dongle connected to the computer’s parallel port. 2. Connect a DC power supply to the module test jig with an FLC-2 cable. 3. Set the DC supply voltage to 6 V. 4.
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RAE-6/RA-4 Nokia Customer Care 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Figure 7: Rx I/Q signal, burst mode, input level –90dBm • Receiver I or Q burst mode signal (channel 37) measured from test point RXI or RXQ with 942.46771 MHz signal, input level –90dBm at RF-connector. Correct signal amplitudes approximately: GSM850~170mVpp GSM900~170mVpp GSM1800~140mVpp GSM1900~160mVpp Signal part frequency 67.7kHz sine. DC level of signal part is 1.35V.
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RAE-6/RA-4 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care and Q signals and between different bands as well. GSM1900 receiver burst mode I or Q signal at ch 661 with input signal 1960.067MHz, level –90 dBm at RF-connector. Trace2: With wider time scaling both monitoring and own Rx bursts are seen, 1st burst (shorter) is monitoring and 2nd burst (longer) is own Rx burst. Trace1: External LNA VCC supply voltage at burst mode, input level –90 dBm.
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RAE-6/RA-4 Nokia Customer Care 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Figure 8: GSM1900 Rx I or Q signal (trace2), burst mode. Detailed view of GSM900 continuous mode Rx I and Q signals measured from test points RXI and RXQ simultaneously. Used channel 37, input signal 942.46771 MHz, level –90 dBm at antenna port, AGC setting 12. Phase difference should be 90 degrees between Rx I and Q signals at all bands. 22 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
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RAE-6/RA-4 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care Troubleshooting diagram for GSM850 receiver Phone in “Continuous” mode, AGC setting “12”. HONI HONI Z7600 Check Z7601, L7603, L7604 HONI HONI HONI Issue 1 12/04 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
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RAE-6/RA-4 Nokia Customer Care 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Troubleshooting diagram for GSM900 receiver Phone in “Continuous” mode, AGC setting “12”. HONI HONI Z7600 Check Z7601, L7603, L7604 HONI HONI HONI 24 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
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RAE-6/RA-4 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care Troubleshooting diagram for GSM1800 receiver Phone in “Continuous” mode, AGC setting “12. HONI HONI Z7600 Z7602, L7601, L7602 HONI HONI HONI Issue 1 12/04 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
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RAE-6/RA-4 Nokia Customer Care 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Troubleshooting diagram for GSM1900 receiver Phone in “Continuous” mode, AGC setting “12. HONI Z7600 HONI Check Z7603, R7601, R7602, L7600 HONI LNAB_P 2.6V LNA_P 0V HONI Check Z7603 HONI HONI HONI 26 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
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RAE-6/RA-4 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care ■ Transmitter description and troubleshooting The transmitter consists of: • two final frequency IQ-modulators • two power amplifiers, for the lower and upper bands separately • power control loop. The IQ-modulators are integrated in Honi, as well as the operational amplifiers of the power control loop. The two power amplifiers are located in a single module with a power detector.
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RAE-6/RA-4 Nokia Customer Care 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting • GSM850/EGSM900 and GSM1800 low noise amplifier (LNA) are integrated. • IPAD substrate, including integrated coils, resistors and capacitors The Honi can be tested by test points only. AFC function AFC is used to lock the transceiver’s clock to the frequency of the base station. Transmitter characteristics Item Values (GSM850/EGSM900/1800/1900) Type Direct conversion, nonlinear, FDMA/TDMA LO frequency range 3296...3396/3520.
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RAE-6/RA-4 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care or from the File menu, choose “Scan Product”. 7. From the toolbar, set operating mode to "Local". 8. From the Testing menu, choose “RF Controls”. 9. In the “RF Controls” window: - Select band “GSM 850”, "GSM900" or "GSM 1800" or "GSM1900" (Default = "GSM900" RAE-6, Default= “GSM850” RA-4). - Set Active unit to "Tx" (Default = "Rx"). - Set Operation mode to "Burst" (Default = "Burst"). - Set Tx data type to "Random" (Default = "All1").
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RAE-6/RA-4 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care Honi IC troubleshooting diagram Honi - VR2, VR5, VR6 = 2.8V - Honi serial interface Replace Honi Issue 1 12/04 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
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RAE-6/RA-4 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care Pictures of transmitter signals VPCTRL 850/900 power level 5 at R7703/C7703 VPCRTL_1800/1900 power level 0 at R7704/C7704 TXI/TXQ TX signals at R7516/R7515/C7535/C7536 I TXC 850/900 power level 5 at R7522 VTXB 850/900 at C7713 VTXB_1800/1900 at C7714 VANT_1 at C7805 VANT_2 at C7804 VANT_3 at C7538 Issue 1 12/04 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
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RAE-6/RA-4 Nokia Customer Care 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Figure 10: Tx out signal, 900 band burst mode, channel 37 34 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
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RAE-6/RA-4 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care ■ Additional information for EDGE troubleshooting Note! EDGE mode troubleshooting differs slightly from basic GSM troubleshooting. To start EDGE troubleshooting: 1. Initialize a connection to the phone (see GSM850/900/1800/1900 troubleshooting instructions). 2. To select a product in Phoenix: From the File menu, choose “Choose Product “and select RAE-6/RA-4 from the list or from the File menu, choose “Scan Product”. 3.
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RAE-6/RA-4 Nokia Customer Care 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Transmitter EDGE troubleshooting diagram Honi EDGE Replace HONI 36 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
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RAE-6/RA-4 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care Honi EDGE troubleshooting diagram HONI EDGE Helgo EDGE troubleshooting Check with oscilloscope: -TXI/TXQ signals - VR2,VR2, VR5, VR6 = 2.8V -VR1, VR4, VR5, VR6 =2.8V -VrefRF01 = 1.35V -Honi -Helgoserial serial interface interface -TXP & TXC & TXA OK? No Baseband troubleshooting Yes Check with RF probe: 4G VCO signal output: -3346.4MHz(GSM850) -3589.6MHz (GSM900) -3589.6MHz(GSM900) -3495.6MHz (GSM1800) -3495.
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RAE-6/RA-4 Nokia Customer Care 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting PA and antenna switch EDGE troubleshooting diagram HONI 38 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
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RAE-6/RA-4 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care Pictures of EDGE transmitter signals Figure 11: I_ref_1800/1900 power level 2 at R7700/C7700 Figure 12: VTXB 1800/1900 power level 2 at C7714 Issue 1 12/04 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
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RAE-6/RA-4 Nokia Customer Care 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Figure 13: TXI/TXQ signal at C7535/C7536/R7516/R7517 Figure 14: TXA 850/900/1800/1900 at C7538 40 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
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RAE-6/RA-4 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care Figure 15: VTXB 850/900 power level 8 at C7713 Figure 16: I_ref 850/900 power level 8 at R7701/C7701 Issue 1 12/04 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
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RAE-6/RA-4 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care ■ Synthesizer description and troubleshooting Frequency synthesizers The VCO frequency is locked by a PLL (phase locked loop) into a stable frequency source given by a VCTCXO which is running at 26 MHz. The frequency of the VCTCXO is in turn locked into the frequency of the base station with the help of an AFC voltage which is generated in UEM by an 11 bit D/A converter. The PLL is located in Honi and it is controlled through the RFBus.
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RAE-6/RA-4 Nokia Customer Care 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Troubleshooting diagram for synthesizer Setup with Phoenix: Active Unit: Rx Mode: Continuous Channel: 190 (GSM850) 37 (GSM900) 700 (GSM1800) 661 (GSM1900) Troubleshooting diagram for synthesizer Spectrum analyzer No Check with RF probe VCO (G7500) out signal: -3526.4MHz(GSM850) -3769.6MHz(GSM900) -3685.
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RAE-6/RA-4 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care Pictures of synthesizer signals Figure 18: 26MHz at G501 pin out Figure 19: 26MHz RFCLK at R420/C420 Issue 1 12/04 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
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RAE-6/RA-4 Nokia Customer Care 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Figure 20: 1800 Tx, channel 512, burst mode Figure 21: 1900 Rx, channel 810, continuous mode 46 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
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RAE-6/RA-4 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care Figure 22: VCO output, 1800 band, ch700, Rx on, continuous output Marker 1 [T1] Ref Lvl -15.59 dBm -12 dBm 3.68560301 GHz -12 RBW 10 kHz VBW 10 kHz SWT 25 ms RF Att Unit 10 dB dBm 1 A -20 -30 -40 1VIEW 1MA -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 -100 -112 Center 3.6856 GHz Date: Issue 1 12/04 29.APR.2003 100 kHz/ Span 1 MHz 13:41:26 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
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RAE-6/RA-4 Nokia Customer Care 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Frequency Lists GSM850 CH TX RX VCO TX VCO RX CH TX RX VCO TX VCO RX 128 824.2 869.2 3296.8 3476.8 190 836.6 881.6 3346.4 3526.4 129 824.4 869.4 3297.6 3477.6 191 836.8 881.8 3347.2 3527.2 130 824.6 869.6 3298.4 3478.4 192 837.0 882.0 3348.0 3528.0 131 824.8 869.8 3299.2 3479.2 193 837.2 882.2 3348.8 3528.8 132 825.0 870.0 3300.0 3480.0 194 837.4 882.4 3349.6 3529.6 133 825.2 870.2 3300.8 3480.8 195 837.6 882.6 3350.4 3530.4 134 825.
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RAE-6/RA-4 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care GSM900 (including EGSM900) CH TX RX VCO TX VCO RX CH TX RX VCO TX VCO RX 975 880.2 925.2 3520.8 3700.8 1 890.2 935.2 3560.8 3740.8 976 880.4 925.4 3521.6 3701.6 2 890.4 935.4 3561.6 3741.6 977 880.6 925.6 3522.4 3702.4 3 890.6 935.6 3562.4 3742.4 978 880.8 925.8 3523.2 3703.2 4 890.8 935.8 3563.2 3743.2 979 881.0 926.0 3524.0 3704.0 5 891.0 936.0 3564.0 3744.0 980 881.2 926.2 3524.8 3704.8 6 891.2 936.2 3564.8 3744.8 981 881.4 926.
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RAE-6/RA-4 Nokia Customer Care 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting GSM1800 CH 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 519 520 521 522 523 524 525 526 527 528 529 530 531 532 533 534 535 536 537 538 539 540 541 542 543 544 545 546 547 548 549 550 551 552 553 554 555 556 557 558 559 560 561 562 563 564 565 566 567 568 569 570 50 TX 1710.2 1710.4 1710.6 1710.8 1711.0 1711.2 1711.4 1711.6 1711.8 1712.0 1712.2 1712.4 1712.6 1712.8 1713.0 1713.2 1713.4 1713.6 1713.8 1714.0 1714.2 1714.4 1714.6 1714.8 1715.0 1715.
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RAE-6/RA-4 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting GSM1900 CH 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 519 520 521 522 523 524 525 526 527 528 529 530 531 532 533 534 535 536 537 538 539 540 541 542 543 544 545 546 547 548 549 550 551 552 553 554 555 556 557 558 559 560 561 562 563 564 565 566 567 568 569 570 TX 1850.2 1850.4 1850.6 1850.8 1851.0 1851.2 1851.4 1851.6 1851.8 1852.0 1852.2 1852.4 1852.6 1852.8 1853.0 1853.2 1853.4 1853.6 1853.8 1854.0 1854.2 1854.4 1854.6 1854.8 1855.0 1855.2 1855.4 1855.6 1855.8 1856.
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RAE-6/RA-4 Nokia Customer Care 7 - RF Description and Troubleshooting ■ RF tunings after repairs The following tunings have to be performed after repairs: • Repairs in the Tx part require "Tx Power Level Tuning". • When component replacements around the modulator area (RF path from UEM via RF ASIC to RF PA) have been done, "Tx IQ Tuning" is additionally required. • In general Rx repairs, the front-end always requires "Rx Calibration" and “Rx Band Filter Calibration” for all three bands.