Nokia RoofTop™ Wireless Router (R240/ R240A) Hardware Installation Guide WRTS38591.01, version 1.
COPYRIGHT © 2000 Nokia Corporation. All rights reserved. Rights reserved under the copyright laws of the United States. RESTRICTED RIGHTS LEGEND Use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph (c)(1)(ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252.227-7013.
FCC Rules and Regulations - Part 68 This equipment complies with Part 68 of the FCC Rules. The FCC Part 68 Label is located on the rear panel of the Network/ Power Unit. This label contains, among other information, the FCC Registration Number and Ringer Equivalency Number (REN) for this equipment. You must, upon request, provide this information to your telephone company.
made by a user to this equipment, or equipment malfunctions, may give the telephone communications company cause to request the user to disconnect the equipment. The installer should ensure that the electrical ground connections of the power utility, telephone lines and internal metallic water pipe system, if present, are connected together. This precaution may be particularly important in rural areas.
DISCLAIMER: TO THE INSTALLER: THE INSTRUCTIONS PROVIDED IN THIS GUIDE ARE PROVIDED “AS IS” WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. NOKIA MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR INFRINGEMENT, INCLUDING ANY THIRD PARTY PATENTS, COPYRIGHTS, TRADEMARKS OR OTHER RIGHTS. THERE IS NO WARRANTY BY NOKIA THAT THE INSTRUCTIONS CONTAINED IN THE GUIDE WILL MEET YOUR REQUIREMENTS.
Contents CHAPTER 1 About this document ........................... 1 1.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.1.1 Components of the Wireless Router. . . . . . . . . . . 2 1.1.2 Overview of the installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 CHAPTER 2 Safety issues .................................... 5 2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2.1.1 Hazard warnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents 5.2 Installing the wireless router with an integral antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 5.3 Installing the directional antenna. . . . . . . . . . . . 26 5.4 Grounding the router . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 CHAPTER 6 Installing the indoor components . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 6.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 6.1.1 The Network/ Power Unit (NPU). . . . . . . . . . . . 35 6.
Contents APPENDIX D Tool requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . APPENDIX E D-connector specifications 62 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CHAPTER 1 About this document 1.1 Introduction This document explains the procedures necessary to install the Nokia Rooftop Wireless Router. It also covers important information about the router, from selecting its installation site to connecting it to the computer. This chapter gives you an overview of the installation process.
1.1.1 Components of the Wireless Router The Nokia Rooftop Wireless Router consists of the following components: • • • a router with integral antenna router mounting hardware a Network/Power Unit (NPU) • a multiwire cable which is necessary for connection between the router and the NPU. The cable is not included in the package because its length must be specified. Nokia provides numerous lengths of cable. 1.1.
Introduction P la n n in g - s ite s e le c tio n - ro u te r lo c a tio n - c a b lin g I n s ta llin g o u td o o r c o m p o n e n ts - ro u te r p re p a ra tio n - ro u te r a tta c h m e n t - c a b le ro u tin g I n s ta llin g in d o o r c o m p o n e n ts - N P U c o n n e c tio n - c o m p u te r c o n n e c tio n C o n fig u r in g p e r so n a l c o m p u te r - IP a d d re s s a s s ig n m e n t T e s tin g - L E D c h e c k - In te rn e t a c c e s s c h e c k Nokia RoofTop™ Wireless R
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CHAPTER 2 Safety issues 2.1 Introduction When installing the Nokia Wireless Router, it is important that the unit is not installed where it could be damaged by the environment or pose a hazard to the user. Be aware of the safety regulations described in this chapter. This chapter lists safety considerations you should understand before you move on to installation.
2.1.1 Hazard warnings • • • • • • • • 6 Environment - The Network/Power Unit (NPU) is an electrical device. Place it away from all heat sources such as radiators, heat registers, stoves, amplifiers and other heat producing appliances. It should also be kept out of cold, dusty, wet, or high humidity areas. Fire or electric shock - Keep the NPU away from moisture or waterrelated environments such as sinks, bathtubs, laundry areas, spas, swimming pools, or wet basements.
CHAPTER 3 Site survey 3.1 Introduction The goals of a site survey are to determine the feasibility of RF links at each site and to determine the antenna and cable requirements. While a survey is performed by the Internet Service Provider (ISP) prior to installation, it is helpful to understand how a site and antenna are selected. This chapter discusses issues that are considered while choosing a site and type of antenna.
3.2 Determining the RF links to other sites The feasibility of an RF link can be estimated based on: • • • • Distances between potential sites Line of sight for RF paths Antenna RF gains Cable and connector losses If the site has good links to other sites, it can be used as a forwarding system for other wireless routers in the network. If the router can link to one other router, it will be able to access the internet, but it will be unable to forward signals to other wireless routers.
Surveying potential sites 3.3 Surveying potential sites Wherever possible, find a site that is unobstructed for some distance. This ensures maximum connectivity and allows the system to forward “packets” of information for existing and future needs. 3.3.1 Line of sight analysis In order for the Nokia Wireless Router network to operate correctly, there must be line of sight paths for each link.
NOTE: An example of the Fresnel Zone dimensions is, for a one quarter mile link, the Fresnel Zone is approximately 71/2 feet above and below the line of site. Therefore the height of the antenna must clear the Fresnel Zone. For very short distances, wooden structures and non metallic objects have little effect on the RF signal. For long distance paths, there should be no obstacles close to the RF path. To determine line of sight 1.
Selecting the antenna type 3.4 Selecting the antenna type The Nokia Rooftop Wireless Router is supplied with an omnidirectional antenna. For very specific cases, however, it may be necessary to use a directional antenna. The following explanations describe the two types of antenna and the special circumstances in which the directional antenna may be used. 3.4.1 Omnidirectional antennas Omnidirectional antennas radiate their RF pattern spherically, providing coverage in all directions.
Directional antennas - radiation pattern side view In Nokia Wireless Router Networks, use a directional antenna only if: • • • • 12 There are numerous obstructions in the area The nearest router is a considerable distance away The router is in a location where it does not need to route traffic for other subscribers and itself requires a maximum link distance to the neighboring router.
CHAPTER 4 Planning the installation 4.1 Introduction Before you begin the installation, spend some time planning the process.You need to consider your outdoor environment and your indoor computer space. This chapter offers suggestions for your planning.
4.2 Planning Consider the following things in your planning: • • • • • • • Make sure you have the necessary tools. Find a safe location for the router, away from power lines and near a ground. Find a safe and optimal location for the NPU, either near the computer if you are connecting to only one system, or in an out-ofthe-way place if you are connecting several systems. Plan the cable routing to minimize the length of cable and environmental problems.
Planning 4.2.3 Finding a location for the NPU The Network/ Power Unit is plugged into a grounded AC outlet. When locating the AC outlet consider the following: • Try to find a place in close proximity to the place where the multiwire cable enters the house. 4.2.4 Planning the cable routing The multiwire cable runs from the outside of the house to the inside so be aware that outside weather plays a factor. The maximum length of the multiwire cable that Nokia provides is 150ft.
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CHAPTER 5 Installing the outdoor components 5.1 Introduction The first step in the wireless router installation is setting up, placing, and grounding the router. If you have not already reviewed the information in chapter 2, “Safety issues” and chapter 4, “Planning the installation”, it is a good idea to do so. This chapter provides step-by-step instructions for assembling the router with an integral antenna and a router with a directional antenna. It also describes how to ground them.
Introduction 5.1.1 Components to be installed The Outdoor portion of the Nokia RoofTop Wireless Router system includes: • • • • a wireless router with integral (omnidirectional) antenna a grounding kit for router (if required) router mounting hardware a shielded multiwire cable. Nokia provides several different lengths of cable with D-Connectors already installed to the end of the cable. 5.1.1.
Installing the wireless router with an integral antenna 5.2 Installing the wireless router with an integral antenna There are two basic steps to installing the outdoor components: • • constructing the mounting and assembling the router and antenna. To construct the mounting: 1. Mount the wireless router bracket to the mounting point (it can be a pole, chimney, vent pipe, etc.), ensuring that the bracket is fixed securely.
Installing the wireless router with an integral antenna To assemble the router and integral antenna: The wireless router is packaged with its cover on. To be able to mount it and to connect the D-connector, you need to remove the cover. To remove the cover, place your fingers inside the router where the D-connector connection is located. You can feel the latch that is holding the cover. Release the latch and lift up the cover. Now you can go on to assembling the router and antenna. 1.
Installing the wireless router with an integral antenna Ensure secure connection by hand-tightening metal-to-metal. The tightening torque should not exceed 13 ft./lb. (18Nm).
Installing the wireless router with an integral antenna 3. Plug the D-connector into the bottom of the wireless router. Guide the connector very carefully onto the pins on the router. Using too much force may damage the pins. Before attaching the D-connector, make sure that the cover of the wireless router is off. Attach the cover only after you have secured all the connections on the router. 4.
Installing the wireless router with an integral antenna 5. Attach the bolt and washer to the back of the router. Do not tighten the bolt at this time as some flexibility is required to attach the router to the mast mounting bracket.
Installing the wireless router with an integral antenna 6. Attach the front panel to the wireless router. Attach front panel to wireless router If you need to remove the wireless router cover after the D-connector is already installed, pull it open by holding tightly onto the top of the cover.
Installing the wireless router with an integral antenna 7. Attach the router to the mounting bracket. Make sure the router is mounted vertical on the mount, using a level as necessary, and tighten the bolt in the back of the router to torque of 9 ft./lb. (12 Nm). Be careful not to overtighten the bolt, you could crack the plastic washer.
Installing the wireless router with an integral antenna 8. Using cable ties or adhesive tape, secure the multiwire cable to the mast. Take care to avoid placing strain on the connectors when securing the cable to the mast. Use ties or tape about every two feet down the length of the mast.
Installing the directional antenna 5.3 Installing the directional antenna Assembling the directional antenna is slightly different from the integral antenna. You use an RF cable between the antenna and the router. In addition you need an RF cable adaptor which fits on top of the router and connects the cable to the router. When you finish, the assembly looks like this. Installed router with directional antenna To mount the antenna: 1.
Installing the directional antenna To assemble the antenna and router: 1. Connect an RF cable to the directional antenna ensuring that the connections are properly tight, but do not overtighten. Connect the wireless router to the directional antenna with the jumper cable 2. Apply silicone lubricant on the threads of the RF cable adapter to keep it from getting jammed. The recommended lubricant is: Dry Lubricant PRF Tefsol. • Spray a small amount of lubricant on the threads of the RF cable adapter.
Installing the directional antenna 3. Attach the other end of the RF cable to the RF cable adaptor on the top of the router. This completes the connection between the antenna and the router. Make sure the connections are tight but not overly so. To weatherproof the antenna connection: 1. Cut an 8” strip of weatherproofing tape and remove the plastic backing from the tape. Remove plastic backing from the tape 2.
Installing the directional antenna 3. Apply the tape tightly in a counter clockwise direction starting at least 2 inches from the connector. Move along the cable towards the connector so the tape covers the bottom of the antenna and the top of the connector without gaps and with a layer of overlapping.
Installing the directional antenna To weatherproof the router connection: 1. Apply tape tightly starting at least 2 inches from the connector. Move along the cable toward the connector so that it covers the connection completely. Covering the Router connection with weatherproof tape NOTE: Take care when weatherproofing RF connectors. Do not stress or bend the cable during the weatherproofing process.
Installing the directional antenna 2. Plug the D-connector into the bottom of the wireless router. Guide the connector very carefully onto the pins on the router. Using too much force may damage the pins. Before attaching the D-connector, make sure that the cover of the wireless router is off. Attach the cover only after you have secured all the connections on the router. Attaching D-connector to router 3. Assemble the router with the front cover.
Grounding the router 5.4 Grounding the router Because antennas are elevated metal objects with connections to ground, they attract lightning. The Nokia RoofTop Wireless Router has a grounding lug in it. A ground wire can be attached to it to provide an appropriate and safe path to ground for the lightning. Additional grounding is only required if the existing grounding system within the property is insufficient for router grounding purposes.
Grounding the router If a grounding kit is required: Attach the grounding kit to the multiwire cable according to the instructions that come with the kit before running the multiwire cable into the house.
CHAPTER 6 Installing the indoor components 6.1 Introduction The second step in the wireless router installation is connecting the router to the Network/Power Unit (NPU) and setting up the connection to the computer.
6.1.1 The Network/ Power Unit (NPU) The NPU provides three cable connections. • • • HomePNA 2.
Connecting the multiwire cable 6.2 Connecting the multiwire cable To enable the NPU’s operation you must connect the multiwire cable wires to pin connections inside the NPU. To prepare the NPU: 1. Remove the Network/Power Unit from its packaging. Inside view of the NPU 2. Holding the multiwire cable, trim back the insulation about 2.5 inches. Make sure not to cut the metal braid and the foil. Slide the insulation off (see picture below). 3.
I n s u la tio n M e ta l b r a id W ir e s 0 .5 in c h 2 .5 in c h e s 4. Separate the pairs of wires from one another keeping each pair twisted together. 5. Separate the two wires in the brown and white pair and cut the brown wire off. It is not used by the NPU. 6. Before starting to punch down the wires, hold the multiwire cable over the NPU to measure at which point each wire should be punched down. The metal braid should fit into the ground clip.
Connecting the multiwire cable To connect the wires and install the NPU: NOTE: Do not push the pin connector down onto the pins inside the NPU before all the wires have been punched down. 1. Connect the wires into the pin connector slots according to the following chart. NOTE: To punch down the wires, use the Molex punchdown tool (see Appendix C for details). Standard punc-down tools are too small for the NPU. The numbering in the below diagram only indicates the order of pins in the NPU.
2. Keep the pairs twisted until the wires need to be separated for pin connection. This ensures a more consistent signal through the cable. NOTE: It is especially important to keep the pairs with the blue wire twisted together. Because there are two blue wires in the cable, you might get them mixed up unless you keep them twisted with their pair up until you punch them down into the connector. 3.
Connecting the multiwire cable Using the NPU integrated punch down tool to connect the wires 4. When all wires are connected securely, push the pin connector down onto the pins inside the NPU (see picture below). 5. Place the part of the cable with the metal braid into the ground clip (see picture below) . 6. Connect the strain relief clamp in the NPU with the screw. This prevents the multiwire cable from being pulled out. 7. Fit the NPU cover onto the NPU and attach it with the screw.
8. Plug the NPU into the wall AC outlet. The LEDs on the unit should flash three times to indicate that the NPU is connected to the router.
Identifying LED status 6.3 Identifying LED status Each of the three LEDs on the face of the NPU serves a specific purpose and can assume different states. P o w e r /L A N A n c h o r N e tw o r k LEDs on face of Network/Power Unit After the installation is finished, ideally the LEDs should indicate the following: • Anchor and network LED solid “ON” You can also leave the LEDs in the following two states: • • Anchor and network LED “slow flashing” (the light flashes appr.
The following charts indicate the status of information flow for each LED in each state. LED Description Power/ LAN Solid On Power on Slow Flash (the light flashes appr.
Identifying LED status LED Description Anchor Solid On The data speed is 2Mb in at least one link and the AirHead is 3 or fewer hops away from the router Slow Flash (the light flashes appr. three times in five seconds) The data speed is 1Mb and the AirHead is 3 or fewer hops away from the router Fast Flash (the light flashes appr.
6.4 Connecting to the computer There are three ways to connect the wireless router to the computer system. • • • Direct Personal Computer Connection, using 10/100 Base-T Ethernet crossover cable. Phoneline Networking Connection. Network Hub Connection, using 10/100 Base-T Ethernet interface The router automatically activates the Ethernet or HomePNA, depending upon which connector is used. If a cable is connected to both connectors, the Ethernet port is activated. 6.4.
Connecting to the computer Attach NPU to computer through Ethernet cable Use one crossover cable whenever a network hub is not being used. NOTE: Changing the Ethernet configuration from a LAN connection to a direct PC connection requires changing from a standard Ethernet cable to a crossover cable. 6.4.2 Phoneline networking connection Connect a phone cable between the NPU’s phoneline networking connection and the RJ-11 phone jack on the wall.
Once the NPU has been connected to a phone jack in the house, you can connect PC's to the phoneline network through phoneline networking adapters. The phoneline networking adapters come in three varieties: • • • USB adapter PCI card Ethernet/Phoneline networking gateway (if the computer already has an Ethernet card) PCI cards are used in desktop PC's and USB adapters can be used for either desktop or portable PC's.
Connecting to the computer R J 1 1 to p h o n e lin e T o R o u te r Attach multiple computers to phone jacks Nokia RoofTop™ Wireless Router Installation Guide 48
6.4.3 Network connection Use a standard Ethernet Cable with an RJ-45 connector at the wireless router and the appropriate connector at the LAN Ethernet connection.
CHAPTER 7 Configuring the PC 7.1 Introduction After the router installation is complete, the PC needs to be configured for use with the Nokia Rooftop Wireless Router system. Anyone may do this but it requires a good knowledge of the computer. The ISP provides all the required information prior to installation. This chapter gives brief instructions for configuring the PC with Windows.
7.1.1 Configuring the personal computer These instructions presume a knowledge of IP addresses. 1. Check that the PC has a network interface card (either HomePNA or Ethernet). If the PC does not have an interface card, install it. 2. Define the TCP/IP Properties. In the IP Address field, either select the “Obtain IP Address Automatically” or enter the IP Address and Subnet Mask in accordance with information provided by the ISP. 3.
CHAPTER 8 Post installation testing 8.1 Introduction After the router and NPU installation and PC configuration procedures have been accomplished, you’ll want to test the system. This chapter gives instructions for performing a few simple tests.
8.1.1 Testing Ensure that the router functions correctly by carrying out the following few steps. To check out the system: 1. Ensure that the NPU is inserted properly into the AC outlet. The LEDs flash three times to indicate that the router is functioning correctly. 2. Turn on the PC. Wait for 3-5 minutes to allow the router to anchor to the network. 3. Check the LEDs to indicate an active internet connection. 4.
APPENDIX A Cables Ethernet crossover cable The wiring for an Ethernet Crossover cable for 10Base-T is as follows: RJ45 Plug Pin 1 (Tx+) to Pin 3 (Rx+) Pin 2 (Tx-) to Pin 6 (Rx-) Pin 3 (Rx+) to Pin 1 (Tx+) Pin 6 (Rx-) to Pin 2 (Tx-) Nokia RoofTop™ Wireless Router Installation Guide 54
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APPENDIX B Technical specifications This appendix describes technical specifications for Nokia RoofTop™ Wireless Router Models R240 & 240A Outdoor-Mounted Unit. Specifications Data Capacity per Cell 12 Mbps (6x2 Mbps per channel) AirHeads per Cell Up to 6 Routers per Cell Up to 240 Routers per AirHead Up to 40 Antenna Type (typical) 8 dBi Omnidirectional (integrated) Maximum Link Range (typical)* 1 Mbps Data Rate 1.75 Miles 2 Mbps Data Rate 0.
Transmit Power (typical) 12 dBm - 27.5 dBm (Dynamically adjusts in 1dB steps) Receiver Sensitivity(10-5 BER) 1Mbps Data Rate - 82 dBm (typical) 2 Mbps Data Rate -72 dBm (typical) Interfaces and Connectors Ethernet Phoneline Networking RF 10/100 Base -TX, autosensing, RJ-45 Home PNA 2.0/ 1.0, RJ-11 N-Female (optional) Router Environment Operational Temperature Relative Humidity - 40 o C to 55o C (-40 o to 131 o F) 100% Weight Router 3.
Internet Protocols IP, TCP, UDP, ICMP, RIPv1, RIPv2, SNMP, TFTP, IGMP, ARP, Proxy-ARP, Telnet, DHCP Relay, DHCP Server, NAT.
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Tool requirements APPENDIX C Tools list There follows a list of tools required for the correct installation of the Nokia Wireless Router System. Nokia shall not endorse, recommend or warrant the third party products listed below or be under any liability whatsoever for any loss, damage, injury or expense caused by them.
Quantity required To be provided by Adjustable wrench 8" Tool Description 1 Installer Ratcheting screwdriver with bits (PFS 5400) 1 Installer Screwdriver /16" x 6" 1 Installer Screwdriver 1/4" x 1.
Tool Description Quantity required To be provided by 1 Installer RJ-45 Connector crimp tool Cordless hand vacuum 1 Installer Keyhole saw 1 Installer Stud finder 1 Installer Small wire strippers 1 Installer Large wire strippers 1 Installer Scissors 1 Installer Small needlenose pliers 1 Installer Nokia RoofTop™ Wireless Router Installation Guide 64
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D-connector specifications APPENDIX D Nokia provides different lenghts of multiwire cable with the D-connector installed. Should you need to connect the multiwire cable to the Dconnector for testing or other purposes, the diagram below tells you how to connect the wires.When connecting the wires, keep the pairs twisted until the wires need to be separated for pin connection.This ensures a more consistent signal through the cable.
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