Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router NETGEAR, Inc. 4500 Great America Parkway Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA SM-MR814NA-2 Version 4.
© 2003 by NETGEAR, Inc. All rights reserved. April 2003. Trademarks NETGEAR is a trademark of Netgear, Inc. Microsoft, Windows, and Windows NT are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. Other brand and product names are registered trademarks or trademarks of their respective holders. Statement of Conditions In the interest of improving internal design, operational function, and/or reliability, NETGEAR reserves the right to make changes to the products described in this document without notice.
Bestätigung des Herstellers/Importeurs Es wird hiermit bestätigt, daß das MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router gemäß der im BMPT-AmtsblVfg 243/1991 und Vfg 46/1992 aufgeführten Bestimmungen entstört ist. Das vorschriftsmäßige Betreiben einiger Geräte (z.B. Testsender) kann jedoch gewissen Beschränkungen unterliegen. Lesen Sie dazu bitte die Anmerkungen in der Betriebsanleitung.
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Contents Preface About This Manual Chapter 1 Introduction Key Features of the Router ............................................................................................1-1 802.11b Standards-based Wireless Networking ......................................................1-2 A Powerful, True Firewall with Content Filtering ......................................................1-2 Security ................................................................................................................
Chapter 3 Wireless Configuration Considerations For A Wireless Network .........................................................................3-1 Observe Performance, Placement, and Range Guidelines .....................................3-1 Implement Appropriate Wireless Security ................................................................3-2 Understanding Wireless Settings ...................................................................................
Chapter 6 Advanced Configuration of the Router Configuring for Port Forwarding to Local Servers ..........................................................6-1 Adding a Custom Service .........................................................................................6-2 Editing or Deleting a Port Forwarding Entry .............................................................6-2 Local Web and FTP Server Example .......................................................................
Appendix A Technical Specifications Appendix B Network, Routing, Firewall, and Basics Related Publications ...................................................................................................... B-1 Basic Router Concepts .................................................................................................. B-1 What is a Router? ................................................................................................... B-2 Routing Information Protocol ......................
DHCP Configuration of TCP/IP in Windows XP ..................................................... C-8 DHCP Configuration of TCP/IP in Windows 2000 ................................................ C-10 DHCP Configuration of TCP/IP in Windows NT4 .................................................. C-13 Verifying TCP/IP Properties for Windows XP, 2000, and NT4 .............................. C-15 Configuring the Macintosh for TCP/IP Networking ...................................................... C-16 MacOS 8.
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Preface About This Manual Congratulations on your purchase of the NETGEAR® MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router. The MR814v2 router provides connection for multiple personal computers (PCs) to the Internet through an external broadband access device (such as a cable modem or DSL modem) that is normally intended for use by a single PC. Audience This reference manual assumes that the reader has basic to intermediate computer and Internet skills.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Special Message Formats This guide uses the following formats to highlight special messages: Note: This format is used to highlight information of importance or special interest.
Chapter 1 Introduction This chapter describes the features of the NETGEAR MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router. Key Features of the Router The MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router with 4-port switch connects your local area network (LAN) to the Internet through an external access device such as a cable modem or DSL modem. The MR814v2 router provides you with multiple Web content filtering options, plus browsing activity reporting and instant alerts -- both via e-mail.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router 802.11b Standards-based Wireless Networking The MR814v2 router includes an 802.11b-compliant wireless access point, providing continuous, high-speed 11 Mbps access between your wireless and Ethernet devices. The access point provides: • 802.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Security The MR814v2 router is equipped with several features designed to maintain security, as described in this section. • PCs Hidden by NAT NAT opens a temporary path to the Internet for requests originating from the local network. Requests originating from outside the LAN are discarded, preventing users outside the LAN from finding and directly accessing the PCs on the LAN.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router • Automatic Configuration of Attached PCs by DHCP The MR814v2 router dynamically assigns network configuration information, including IP, gateway, and domain name server (DNS) addresses, to attached PCs on the LAN using the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP). This feature greatly simplifies configuration of PCs on your local network.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Package Contents The product package should contain the following items: • • • • MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router. AC power adapter. Category 5 (CAT5) Ethernet cable. MR814v2 Resource CD, including: — This guide. — Application Notes and other helpful information. • • • . Registration and Warranty Card. Support Information Card. If any of the parts are incorrect, missing, or damaged, contact your NETGEAR dealer.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router The Router’s Front Panel The front panel of the MR814v2 router contains the status LEDs described below. Figure 1-1: MR814v2 Front Panel You can use some of the LEDs to verify connections. Viewed from left to right, Table 1-1 describes the LEDs on the front panel of the router. These LEDs are green when lit. Table 1-1. Label LED Descriptions Activity Description On Off Power is supplied to the router. Power is not supplied to the router.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Table 1-1. LED Descriptions On Indicates that the Wireless port is initialized. On (Green) Blink (Green) On (Amber) Blink (Amber) Off The Local (LAN) port has detected link with a 100 Mbps device. Data is being transmitted or received at 100 Mbps. The Local port has detected link with a 10 Mbps device. Data is being transmitted or received at 10 Mbps. No link is detected on this port.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router 1-8 Introduction
Chapter 2 Connecting the Router to the Internet This chapter describes how to set up the router on your local area network (LAN) and connect to the Internet. You find out how to configure your MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router for Internet access using the Setup Wizard, or how to manually configure your Internet connection. What You Will Need Before You Begin You need to prepare these three things before you begin: 1.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router The cable or DSL modem broadband access device must provide a standard 10 Mbps (10BASE-T) Ethernet interface.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Record Your Internet Connection Information Print this page. Fill in the configuration parameters from your Internet Service Provider (ISP). ISP Login Name: The login name and password are case sensitive and must be entered exactly as given by your ISP. The Service Name is not required by all ISPs.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Connecting the MR814v2 to Your LAN This section provides instructions for connecting the MR814v2 router. Also, the MR814v2 Resource CD included with your router contains an animated Installation Assistant to help you through this procedure. Procedure: Connecting the Router There are three steps to connecting your router: 1. 2. 3.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router c. Connect the Ethernet cable from your cable or DSL modem to the Internet port (A) on the MR814v2. Cable or DSL modem A Figure 2-2: Connect the cable or DSL Modem to the router d. Connect the Ethernet cable which came with the router from a Local port on the router (B) to your computer. B Cable or DSL modem Figure 2-3: Connect the computers on your network to the router Note: The MR814v2 router incorporates Auto UplinkTM technology.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router f. Verify the following: When your turn the router on, the power light goes on. The router’s local lights are lit for any computers that are connected to it. The router’s Internet light is lit, indicating a link has been established to the cable or DSL modem. Note: For wireless placement and range guidelines, and wireless configuration instructions, please see Chapter 3, “Wireless Configuration.” 2. Log in to the router.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router A login window shown below opens: Figure 2-5: Login window 3. Connect to the Internet Figure 2-6: Setup Wizard a. You are now connected to the router. If you do not see the menu above, click the Setup Wizard link on the upper left of the main menu. b. Click Next and follow the steps in the Setup Wizard for inputting the configuration parameters from your ISP to connect to the Internet.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router c. When the router successfully detects an active Internet service, the router’s Internet LED goes on. The Setup Wizard reports which connection type it discovered, and displays the appropriate configuration menu. If the Setup Wizard finds no connection, you will be prompted to check the physical connection between your router and the cable or DSL line. d. The Setup Wizard will report the type of connection it finds.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router • • • • To change the login timeout, enter a new value in minutes. This determines how long the router keeps the Internet connection active after there is no Internet activity from the LAN. Entering a timeout value of zero means never log out. Note: You no longer need to run the ISP’s login program on your PC in order to access the Internet. When you start an Internet application, your router will automatically log you in.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Note: You will no longer need to launch the ISP’s login program on your PC in order to access the Internet. When you start an Internet application, your router will automatically log you in. • The Domain Name Server (DNS) Address parameters may be necessary to access your ISP’s services such as mail or news servers. Note: If you enter DNS addresses, restart your computers so that these settings take effect.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router • • Enter your Account Name (may also be called Host Name) and Domain Name. These parameters may be necessary to access your ISP’s services such as mail or news servers. If you leave the Domain Name field blank, the router try to discover the domain. Otherwise, you may need to enter it manually.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Note: Restart the computers on your network so that these settings take effect. • • Click Apply to save the settings. Click Test to test your Internet connection. If the NETGEAR website does not appear within one minute, refer to Chapter 7, “Troubleshooting.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Manually Configuring Your Internet Connection You can manually configure your router using the menu below, or you can allow the Setup Wizard to determine your configuration as described in the previous section.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router You can manually configure the router using the Basic Settings menu shown in Figure 2-11 using these steps: 1. Click the Basic Settings link on the Setup menu. 2. If your Internet connection does not require a login, click No at the top of the Basic Settings menu and fill in the settings according to the instructions below. If your Internet connection does require a login, click Yes, and skip to step 3. a.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Note: After you finish setting up your router, you will no longer need to launch the ISP’s login program on your PC in order to access the Internet. When you start an Internet application, your router will automatically log you in. a. Select you Internet service provisory from the drop-down list. b. The screen will change according to the ISP settings requirements of the ISP you select. c.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router 2-16 Connecting the Router to the Internet
Chapter 3 Wireless Configuration This chapter describes how to configure the wireless features of your MR814v2 router. Considerations For A Wireless Network In planning your wireless network, you should consider the level of security required. You should also select the physical placement of your firewall in order to maximize the network speed. For further information on wireless networking, refer to in Appendix D, “Wireless Networking Basics.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Implement Appropriate Wireless Security Note: Indoors, computers can connect over 802.11b wireless networks at a maximum range of up to 500 feet. Such distances can allow for others outside of your immediate area to access your network. Unlike wired network data, your wireless data transmissions can extend beyond your walls and can be received by anyone with a compatible adapter.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Figure 3-2: Wireless Settings menu The Wireless Network menu sections are discussed below. • Name (SSID). The Service Set Identification is also known as the wireless network name. Enter a value of up to 32 alphanumeric characters. In a setting where there is more than one wireless network, different wireless network names provide a means for separating the traffic.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Figure 3-3: Wireless Access Point settings Restricting Access to Your Network by Turning Off Wireless Connectivity You can completely turn off the wirless portion of the MR814v2. For example, if your notebook computer is used to wirelessly connect to your router and you take a business trip, you can turn off the wireless portion of the router while you are travelling.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Figure 3-5: Wireless Card Access List Setup Then, either select from the list of available wireless cards the MR814v2 has found in your area, or enter the MAC address and device name for a device you plan to use. You can usually find the MAC address printed on the wireless adapter. When you click Add, you are returned to the Wireless Card Access List screen.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Choosing Authentication and Security Encryption Methods Figure 3-7: Encryption Strength Restricting wireless access to your network prevents intruders from connecting to your network. However, the wireless data transmissions are still vulnerable to snooping. Using the WEB data encryption settings described below will prevent a determined intruder from eavesdropping on your wireless data communications.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Disable No encryption will be applied. This setting is useful for troubleshooting your wireless connection, but leaves your wireless data fully exposed. 64 or 128 bit WEP When 64 Bit WEP or 128 Bit WEP is selected, WEP encryption will be applied. WEP provides some degree of privacy, but can be defeated without great difficulty. If WEP is enabled, you can manually or automatically program the four data encryption keys.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router How to Set Up and Test Basic Wireless Connectivity Follow the instructions below to set up and test basic wireless connectivity. Once you have established basic wireless connectivity, you can enable security settings appropriate to your needs. 1. Log in to the MR814v2 firewall at its default LAN address of http://192.168.0.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Note: If you are configuring the firewall from a wireless PC and you change the firewall’s SSID, channel, or security settings, you will lose your wireless connection when you click on Apply. You must then change the wireless settings of your PC to match the firewall’s new settings. 8. Configure and test your PCs for wireless connectivity. Program the wireless adapter of your PCs to have the same SSID and channel that you configured in the router.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router 4. Click Add to add a wireless device to the wireless access control list. The Available Wireless Cards list displays. Figure 3-11. 5. Wireless Access menu Click the radio button next to a device on the list and then click Add to add this device to the list. Note: You can copy and paste the MAC addresses from the firewall’s Attached Devices menu into the MAC Address box of this menu.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router 1. Log in to the MR814v2 firewall at its default LAN address of http://192.168.0.1 with its default user name of admin and default password of password, or using whatever LAN address and password you have set up. 2. Click the Wireless Settings link in the main menu of the MR814v2 router. 3.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router 3-12 Wireless Configuration
Chapter 4 Content Filtering This chapter describes how to use the content filtering features of the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router to protect your network. These features can be found by clicking on the Content Filtering heading in the Main Menu of the browser interface. Content Filtering Overview The MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router provides you with Web content filtering options, plus browsing activity reporting and instant alerts via e-mail.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Blocking Access to Internet Sites The MR814v2 router allows you to restrict access based on web addresses and web address keywords. Up to 255 entries are supported in the Keyword list. The Block Sites menu is shown in Figure 4-1 below: Figure 4-1: Block Sites menu To enable keyword blocking, select either “Per Schedule” or “Always”, then click Apply. If you want to block by schedule, be sure that a time period is specified in the Schedule menu.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router • If the keyword “.com” is specified, only websites with other domain suffixes (such as .edu or .gov) can be viewed. • If you wish to block all Internet browsing access during a scheduled period, enter the keyword “.” and set the schedule in the Schedule menu. To specify a Trusted User, enter that PC’s IP address in the Trusted User box and click Apply.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router To specify a service for blocking, click Add. The Add Services menu will appear, as shown below: Figure 4-3: Add Services menu From the Service Type list, select the application or service to be allowed or blocked. The list already displays several common services, but you are not limited to these choices. To add any additional services or applications that do not already appear, select User Defined.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Configuring Services Blocking by IP Address Range Under “Filter Services For”, you can block the specified service for a single PC, a range of PCs (having consecutive IP addresses), or all PCs on your network. Scheduling When Blocking Will Be Enforced The MR814v2 router allows you to specify when blocking will be enforced. The Schedule menu is shown below: Figure 4-4: Schedule menu • Use this schedule for blocking content.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Viewing Logs of Web Access or Attempted Web Access The log is a detailed record of what websites you have accessed or attempted to access. Up to 128 entries are stored in the log. Log entries will only appear when keyword blocking is enabled, and no log entries will be made for the Trusted User. An example is shown below: Figure 4-5: Logs menu Log entries are described in Table 4-1 Table 4-1.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Log action buttons are described in Table 4-2 Table 4-2. Log action buttons Field Description Refresh Click this button to refresh the log screen. Clear Log Click this button to clear the log entries. Send Log Click this button to email the log immediately.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router • Turn e-mail notification on Check this box if you wish to receive e-mail logs and alerts from the router. • Your outgoing mail server Enter the name of your ISP’s outgoing (SMTP) mail server (such as mail.myISP.com). You may be able to find this information in the configuration menu of your e-mail program. If you leave this box blank, log and alert messages will not be sent via e-mail.
Chapter 5 Maintenance This chapter describes how to use the maintenance features of your MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router. These features can be found by clicking on the Maintenance heading in the Main Menu of the browser interface. Viewing Router Status Information The Router Status menu provides a limited amount of status and usage information. From the Main Menu of the browser interface, click on Maintenance, then select System Status to view the System Status screen, shown below.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router This screen shows the following parameters: Table 5-1. Router Status Fields Field Description Account Name This field displays the Host Name assigned to the router. Firmware Version This field displays the router firmware version. Internet Port These parameters apply to the Internet (WAN) port of the router. MAC Address This field displays the Media Access Control address being used by the Internet (WAN) port of the router.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Click on the “Show Connection Status” button to display the connection status, as shown below. Figure 5-2: Connection Status screen This screen shows the following statistics:. Table 5-2: Connection Status Items Item Description IP Address The WAN (Internet) IP Address assigned to the router. Subnet Mask The WAN (Internet) Subnet Mask assigned to the router. Default Gateway The WAN (Internet) default gateway the router communicates with.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Click on the “Show Statistics” button to display router usage statistics, as shown below. Figure 5-3: Router Statistics screen This screen shows the following statistics: Table 5-3: Router Statistics Items Item Description Port The statistics for the WAN (Internet) and LAN (local) ports. For each port, the screen displays: Status The link status of the port.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Viewing a List of Attached Devices The Attached Devices menu contains a table of all IP devices that the router has discovered on the local network. From the Main Menu of the browser interface, under the Maintenance heading, select Attached Devices to view the table, shown below. Figure 5-4: Attached Devices menu For each device, the table shows the IP address, NetBIOS Host Name (if available), and Ethernet MAC address.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router From the Main Menu of the browser interface, under the Maintenance heading, select the Router Upgrade heading to display the menu shown below. Figure 5-5: Router Upgrade menu To upload new firmware: 1. Download and unzip the new software file from NETGEAR. 2. In the Router Upgrade menu, click the Browse button and browse to the location of the binary (.BIN) upgrade file 3. Click Upload.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router From the Main Menu of the browser interface, under the Maintenance heading, select the Settings Backup heading to bring up the menu shown below. Figure 5-6: Settings Backup menu Three options are available, and are described in the following sections. Restoring and Backing Up the Configuration The Restore and Backup options in the Settings Backup menu allow you to save and retrieve a file containing your router’s configuration settings.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Erasing the Configuration It is sometimes desirable to restore the router to a known blank condition. This can be done by using the Erase function, which will restore all factory settings. After an erase, the router's password will be password, the LAN IP address will be 192.168.0.1, and the router's DHCP client will be enabled. To erase the configuration, click the Erase button.
Chapter 6 Advanced Configuration of the Router This chapter describes how to configure the advanced features of your MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router. These features can be found under the Advanced heading in the Main Menu of the browser interface. Configuring for Port Forwarding to Local Servers Although the router causes your entire local network to appear as a single machine to the Internet, you can make a local server (for example, a web server or game server) visible and available to the Internet.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Use the Port Forwarding menu to configure the router to forward incoming protocols to computers on your local network. In addition to servers for specific applications, you can also specify a Default DMZ Server to which all other incoming protocols are forwarded. The DMZ Server is configured in the Security Menu.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Local Web and FTP Server Example If a local PC with a private IP address of 192.168.0.33 acts as a Web and FTP server, configure the Ports menu to forward HTTP (port 80) and FTP (port 21) to local address 192.168.0.33 In order for a remote user to access this server from the Internet, the remote user must know the IP address that has been assigned by your ISP. If this address is 172.16.1.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Some online games and videoconferencing applications are incompatible with NAT. The MR814v2 router is programmed to recognize some of these applications and to work properly with them, but there are other applications that may not function well. In some cases, one local PC can run the application properly if that PC’s IP address is entered as the default in the PORTS Menu.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router The WAN Setup menu, shown below lets you configure a Default DMZ Server. Figure 6-2: WAN Setup menu. To assign a computer or server to be a Default DMZ server, follow these steps: Click WAN Setup link on the Advanced section of the main menu. Type the IP address for that server. To remove the default DMZ server, replace the IP address numbers with all zeros. 3. Click Apply. 1. 2.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Using the LAN IP Setup Options The second feature category under the Advanced heading is LAN IP Setup. This menu allows configuration of LAN IP services such as DHCP and RIP. From the Main Menu of the browser interface, under Advanced, click on LAN IP Setup to view the LAN IP Setup menu, shown below.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router The LAN IP parameters are: • IP Address This is the LAN IP address of the router. • IP Subnet Mask This is the LAN Subnet Mask of the router. Combined with the IP address, the IP Subnet Mask allows a device to know which other addresses are local to it, and which must be reached through a gateway or router. • RIP Direction RIP (Router Information Protocol) allows a router to exchange routing information with other routers.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router For most applications, the default DHCP and TCP/IP settings of the router are satisfactory. See “IP Configuration by DHCP” on page B-10 for an explanation of DHCP and information about how to assign IP addresses for your network. If another device on your network will be the DHCP server, or if you will manually configure the network settings of all of your computers, clear the ‘Use router as DHCP server’ check box. Otherwise, leave it checked.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Note: The reserved address will not be assigned until the next time the PC contacts the router's DHCP server. Reboot the PC or access its IP configuration and force a DHCP release and renew. To edit or delete a reserved address entry: 1. Click the button next to the reserved address you want to edit or delete. 2. Click Edit or Delete.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router 7. If your dynamic DNS provider allows the use of wildcards in resolving your URL, you may select the Use wildcards check box to activate this feature. For example, the wildcard feature will cause *.yourhost.dyndns.org to be aliased to the same IP address as yourhost.dyndns.org 8. Click Apply to save your configuration. Configuring Static Routes Static Routes provide additional routing information to your router.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router 1. Click the Add button to open the Add/Edit Menu, shown below. Figure 6-5. Static Route Entry and Edit Menu 2. Type a route name for this static route in the Route Name box under the table. (This is for identification purpose only.) 3. Select Private if you want to limit access to the LAN only. The static route will not be reported in RIP. 4. Select Active to make this route effective. 5.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router When you first configured your router, two implicit static routes were created. A default route was created with your ISP as the gateway, and a second static route was created to your local network for all 192.168.0.x addresses. With this configuration, if you attempt to access a device on the 134.177.0.0 network, your router will forward your request to the ISP.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router 3. b. To allow access from a range of IP addresses on the Internet, select IP address range. Enter a beginning and ending IP address to define the allowed range. c. To allow access from a single IP address on the Internet, select Only this PC. Enter the IP address that will be allowed access. Specify the Port Number that will be used for accessing the management interface. Web browser access normally uses the standard HTTP service port 80.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Using Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) helps devices, such as Internet appliances and computers, access the network and connect to other devices as needed. UPnP devices can automatically discover the services from other registered UPnP devices on the network. Figure 6-6. UPnP Menu From the Main Menu of the browser interface, under Advanced, click on UPnP. Set up UPnP according to the guidelines below.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Advertisement Time To Live: The time to live for the advertisement is measured in hops (steps) for each UPnP packet sent. The time to live hop count is the number of steps a broadcast packet is allowed to propagate for each UPnP advertisement before it disappears. The number of hops can range from 1 to 255. The default value for the advertisement time to live is 4 hops, which should be fine for most home networks.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router 6-16 Advanced Configuration of the Router
Chapter 7 Troubleshooting This chapter gives information about troubleshooting your MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router. After each problem description, instructions are provided to help you diagnose and solve the problem. Basic Functioning After you turn on power to the router, the following sequence of events should occur: 1. When power is first applied, verify that the Power LED 2. After approximately 10 seconds, verify that: is on. a. The Test LED is not lit. b.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router LEDs Never Turn Off When the router is turned on, the LEDs turns on for about 10 seconds and then turn off. If all the LEDs stay on, there is a fault within the router. If all LEDs are still on one minute after power up: • Cycle the power to see if the router recovers. • Clear the router’s configuration to factory defaults. This will set the router’s IP address to 192.168.0.1.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Troubleshooting the Web Configuration Interface If you are unable to access the router’s Web Configuration interface from a PC on your local network, check the following: • Check the Ethernet connection between the PC and the router as described in the previous section. • Make sure your PC’s IP address is on the same subnet as the router. If you are using the recommended addressing scheme, your PC’s address should be in the range of 192.168.0.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Troubleshooting the ISP Connection If your router is unable to access the Internet, you should first determine whether the router is able to obtain a WAN IP address from the ISP. Unless you have been assigned a static IP address, your router must request an IP address from the ISP. You can determine whether the request was successful using the Web Configuration Manager. To check the WAN IP address: 1.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router OR Configure your router to spoof your PC’s MAC address. This can be done in the Basic Settings menu. Refer to “Manually Configuring Your Internet Connection” on page 2-13. If your router can obtain an IP address, but your PC is unable to load any web pages from the Internet: • Your PC may not recognize any DNS server addresses. A DNS server is a host on the Internet that translates Internet names (such as www addresses) to numeric IP addresses.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router If the path is working, you see this message: Reply from < IP address >: bytes=32 time=NN ms TTL=xxx If the path is not working, you see this message: Request timed out If the path is not functioning correctly, you could have one of the following problems: • Wrong physical connections — Make sure the LAN port LED is on. If the LED is off, follow the instructions in “LAN or WAN Port LEDs Not On” on page 7-2.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router — If your ISP assigned a host name to your PC, enter that host name as the Account Name in the Basic Settings menu. — Your ISP could be rejecting the Ethernet MAC addresses of all but one of your PCs. Many broadband ISPs restrict access by only allowing traffic from the MAC address of your broadband modem, but some ISPs additionally restrict access to the MAC address of a single PC connected to that modem.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router 7-8 Troubleshooting
Appendix A Technical Specifications This appendix provides technical specifications for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router. Network Protocol and Standards Compatibility Data and Routing Protocols: TCP/IP, RIP-1, RIP-2, DHCP PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE) Power Adapter North America: 120V, 60 Hz, input United Kingdom, Australia: 240V, 50 Hz, input Europe: 230V, 50 Hz, input Japan: 100V, 50/60 Hz, input All regions (output): 7.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router VCCI Class B EN 55 022 (CISPR 22), Class B Interface Specifications LAN: 10BASE-T or 100BASE-Tx, RJ-45 WAN: 10BASE-T, RJ-45 Wireless Radio Data Rate 1, 2, 5.5, 11Mbps Auto Rate Sensing Frequency 2.4-2.5Ghz Data Encoding: Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) 802.11b Operating Range @ 11 Mbps @ 5.
Appendix B Network, Routing, Firewall, and Basics This chapter provides an overview of IP networks, routing, and networking. Related Publications As you read this document, you may be directed to various RFC documents for further information. An RFC is a Request For Comment (RFC) published by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), an open organization that defines the architecture and operation of the Internet.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router What is a Router? A router is a device that forwards traffic between networks based on network layer information in the data and on routing tables maintained by the router. In these routing tables, a router builds up a logical picture of the overall network by gathering and exchanging information with other routers in the network. Using this information, the router chooses the best path for forwarding network traffic.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router The latter version is easier to remember and easier to enter into your computer. In addition, the 32 bits of the address are subdivided into two parts. The first part of the address identifies the network, and the second part identifies the host node or station on the network. The dividing point may vary depending on the address range and the application. There are five standard classes of IP addresses.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router • Class C Class C addresses can have 254 hosts on a network. Class C addresses use 24 bits for the network address and eight bits for the node. They are in this range: 192.0.1.x to 223.255.254.x. • Class D Class D addresses are used for multicasts (messages sent to many hosts). Class D addresses are in this range: 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255. • Class E Class E addresses are for experimental use.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router As a shorter alternative to dotted-decimal notation, the netmask may also be expressed in terms of the number of ones from the left. This number is appended to the IP address, following a backward slash (/), as “/n.” In the example, the address could be written as 192.168.170.237/24, indicating that the netmask is 24 ones followed by 8 zeros.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Although the preceding example uses the entire third octet for a subnet address, note that you are not restricted to octet boundaries in subnetting. To create more network numbers, you need only shift some bits from the host address to the network address. For instance, to partition a Class C network number (192.68.135.0) into two, you shift one bit from the host address to the network address. The new netmask (or subnet mask) is 255.255.255.128.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Table 7-2. Netmask Formats 255.255.255.0 /24 255.255.255.128 /25 255.255.255.192 /26 255.255.255.224 /27 255.255.255.240 /28 255.255.255.248 /29 255.255.255.252 /30 255.255.255.254 /31 255.255.255.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Single IP Address Operation Using NAT In the past, if multiple PCs on a LAN needed to access the Internet simultaneously, you had to obtain a range of IP addresses from the ISP. This type of Internet account is more costly than a single-address account typically used by a single user with a modem, rather than a router. The MR814v2 router employs an address-sharing method called Network Address Translation (NAT).
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router This scheme offers the additional benefit of firewall-like protection because the internal LAN addresses are not available to the Internet through the translated connection. All incoming inquiries are filtered out by the router. This filtering can prevent intruders from probing your system. However, using port forwarding, you can allow one PC (for example, a Web server) on your local network to be accessible to outside users.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Domain Name Server Many of the resources on the Internet can be addressed by simple descriptive names such as www.NETGEAR.com. This addressing is very helpful at the application level, but the descriptive name must be translated to an IP address in order for a user to actually contact the resource.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router What is a Firewall? A firewall is a device that protects one network from another, while allowing communication between the two. A firewall incorporates the functions of the NAT router, while adding features for dealing with a hacker intrusion or attack. Several known types of intrusion or attack can be recognized when they occur.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Ethernet Cabling Although Ethernet networks originally used thick or thin coaxial cable, most installations currently use unshielded twisted pair (UTP) cabling. The UTP cable contains eight conductors, arranged in four twisted pairs, and terminated with an RJ45 type connector. A normal straight-through UTP Ethernet cable follows the EIA568B standard wiring and pinout as described in Table 7-1. Table 7-1.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router The MR814v2 router incorporates Auto UplinkTM technology (also called MDI/MDIX). Each LOCAL Ethernet port will automatically sense whether the Ethernet cable plugged into the port should have a normal connection (e.g. connecting to a PC) or an uplink connection (e.g. connecting to a router, switch, or hub). That port will then configure itself to the correct configuration.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router B-14 Network, Routing, Firewall, and Basics
Appendix C Preparing Your Network This appendix describes how to prepare your network to connect to the Internet through the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router and how to verify the readiness of broadband Internet service from an Internet service provider (ISP).
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router In your IP network, each PC and the firewall must be assigned a unique IP addresses. Each PC must also have certain other IP configuration information such as a subnet mask (netmask), a domain name server (DNS) address, and a default gateway address. In most cases, you should install TCP/IP so that the PC obtains its specific network configuration information automatically from a DHCP server during bootup.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router You must have an Ethernet adapter, the TCP/IP protocol, and Client for Microsoft Networks. Note: It is not necessary to remove any other network components shown in the Network window in order to install the adapter, TCP/IP, or Client for Microsoft Networks. If you need to install a new adapter, follow these steps: a. Click the Add button. b. Select Adapter, and then click Add. c.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router If you need Client for Microsoft Networks: 3. a. Click the Add button. b. Select Client, and then click Add. c. Select Microsoft. d. Select Client for Microsoft Networks, and then click OK. Restart your PC for the changes to take effect.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Verify the following settings as shown: • Client for Microsoft Network exists • Ethernet adapter is present • TCP/IP is present • Primary Network Logon is set to Windows logon Click on the Properties button. The following TCP/IP Properties window will display.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router • By default, the IP Address tab is open on this window. • Verify the following: Obtain an IP address automatically is selected. If not selected, click in the radio button to the left of it to select it. This setting is required to enable the DHCP server to automatically assign an IP address. • Click OK to continue. Restart the PC. Repeat these steps for each PC with this version of Windows on your network.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router 2. Type winipcfg, and then click OK. The IP Configuration window opens, which lists (among other things), your IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway. 3. From the drop-down box, select your Ethernet adapter. The window is updated to show your settings, which should match the values below if you are using the default TCP/IP settings that NETGEAR recommends for connecting through a router or gateway: • The IP address is between 192.168.0.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router DHCP Configuration of TCP/IP in Windows XP, 2000, or NT4 You will find there are many similarities in the procedures for different Windows systems when using DHCP to configure TCP/IP. The following steps will walk you through the configuration process for each of these versions of Windows. DHCP Configuration of TCP/IP in Windows XP Locate your Network Neighborhood icon. • Select Control Panel from the Windows XP new Start Menu.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router • Now you should be at the Local Area Network Connection Status window. This box displays the connection status, duration, speed, and activity statistics. • Administrator logon access rights are needed to use this window. • Click the Properties button to view details about the connection. • The TCP/IP details are presented on the Support tab page. • Select Internet Protocol, and click Properties to view the configuration information.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router • Verify that the Obtain an IP address automatically radio button is selected. • Verify that Obtain DNS server address automatically radio button is selected. • Click the OK button. This completes the DHCP configuration of TCP/ IP in Windows XP. Repeat these steps for each PC with this version of Windows on your network.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router • Click on the My Network Places icon on the Windows desktop. This will bring up a window called Network and Dial-up Connections. • Right click on Local Area Connection and select Properties. • The Local Area Connection Properties dialog box appears. • Verify that you have the correct Ethernet card selected in the Connect using: box.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router • With Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) selected, click on Properties to open the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties dialogue box. • Verify that • Obtain an IP address automatically is selected. • Obtain DNS server address automatically is selected. • Click OK to return to Local Area Connection Properties. • Click OK again to complete the configuration process for Windows 2000. Restart the PC.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router DHCP Configuration of TCP/IP in Windows NT4 Once you have installed the network card, you need to configure the TCP/IP environment for Windows NT 4.0. Follow this procedure to configure TCP/IP with DHCP in Windows NT 4.0. • Choose Settings from the Start Menu, and then select Control Panel. This will display Control Panel window. • Double-click the Network icon in the Control Panel window. The Network panel will display.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router • Highlight the TCP/IP Protocol in the Network Protocols box, and click on the Properties button.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router • The TCP/IP Properties dialog box now displays. • Click the IP Address tab. • Select the radio button marked Obtain an IP address from a DHCP server. • Click OK. This completes the configuration of TCP/IP in Windows NT. Restart the PC. Repeat these steps for each PC with this version of Windows on your network. Verifying TCP/IP Properties for Windows XP, 2000, and NT4 To check your PC’s TCP/IP configuration: 1.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router • 4. The default gateway is 192.168.0.1 Type exit Configuring the Macintosh for TCP/IP Networking Beginning with Macintosh Operating System 7, TCP/IP is already installed on the Macintosh. On each networked Macintosh, you will need to configure TCP/IP to use DHCP. MacOS 8.6 or 9.x 1. From the Apple menu, select Control Panels, then TCP/IP. The TCP/IP Control Panel opens: 2.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router 2. If not already selected, select Built-in Ethernet in the Configure list. 3. If not already selected, Select Using DHCP in the TCP/IP tab. 4. Click Save. Verifying TCP/IP Properties for Macintosh Computers After your Macintosh is configured and has rebooted, you can check the TCP/IP configuration by returning to the TCP/IP Control Panel. From the Apple menu, select Control Panels, then TCP/IP.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Verifying the Readiness of Your Internet Account For broadband access to the Internet, you need to contract with an Internet service provider (ISP) for a single-user Internet access account using a cable modem or DSL modem. This modem must be a separate physical box (not a card) and must provide an Ethernet port intended for connection to a Network Interface Card (NIC) in a computer. Your firewall does not support a USB-connected broadband modem.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router • An IP address and subnet mask • A gateway IP address, which is the address of the ISP’s router • One or more domain name server (DNS) IP addresses • Host name and domain suffix For example, your account’s full server names may look like this: mail.xxx.yyy.com In this example, the domain suffix is xxx.yyy.com. If any of these items are dynamically supplied by the ISP, your firewall automatically acquires them.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router If an IP address appears under Installed Gateways, write down the address. This is the ISP’s gateway address. Select the address and then click Remove to remove the gateway address. 6. Select the DNS Configuration tab. If any DNS server addresses are shown, write down the addresses. If any information appears in the Host or Domain information box, write it down. Click Disable DNS. 7.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Restarting the Network Once you’ve set up your computers to work with the firewall, you must reset the network for the devices to be able to communicate correctly. Restart any computer that is connected to the firewall. After configuring all of your computers for TCP/IP networking and restarting them, and connecting them to the local network of your MR814v2 router, you are ready to access and configure the firewall.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router C-22 Preparing Your Network
Appendix D Wireless Networking Basics This chapter provides an overview of Wireless networking. Wireless Networking Overview The MR814v2 router conforms to the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11b standard for wireless LANs (WLANs). On an 802.11b wireless link, data is encoded using direct-sequence spread-spectrum (DSSS) technology and is transmitted in the unlicensed radio spectrum at 2.5GHz.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router In the infrastructure mode, the wireless access point converts airwave data into wired Ethernet data, acting as a bridge between the wired LAN and wireless clients. Connecting multiple Access Points via a wired Ethernet backbone can further extend the wireless network coverage. As a mobile computing device moves out of the range of one access point, it moves into the range of another.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Authentication and WEP The absence of a physical connection between nodes makes the wireless links vulnerable to eavesdropping and information theft. To provide a certain level of security, the IEEE 802.11 standard has defined two types of authentication methods, Open System and Shared Key. With Open System authentication, a wireless PC can join any network and receive any messages that are not encrypted.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router • Shared Key Authentication requires that the station and the access point have the same WEP Key to authenticate. These two authentication procedures are described below. Open System Authentication The following steps occur when two devices use Open System Authentication: 1. The station sends an authentication request to the access point. 2. The access point authenticates the station. 3.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router 5. The station connects to the network. If the decrypted text does not match the original challenge text (i.e., the access point and station do not share the same WEP Key), then the access point will refuse to authenticate the station and the station will be unable to communicate with either the 802.11b network or Ethernet network. This process is illustrated in below. 802.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router 3. Use WEP for Authentication and Encryption: A transmitting 802.11b device encrypts the data portion of every packet it sends using a configured WEP Key. The receiving 802.11b device decrypts the data using the same WEP Key. For authentication purposes, the 802.11b network uses Shared Key Authentication. Note: Some 802.11b access points also support Use WEP for Authentication Only (Shared Key Authentication without data encryption).
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router WEP Configuration Options The WEP settings must match on all 802.11b devices that are within the same wireless network as identified by the SSID. In general, if your mobile clients will roam between access points, then all of the 802.11b access points and all of the 802.11b client adapters on the network must have the same WEP settings.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router The radio frequency channels used are listed in Table 7-1: Table 7-1. 802.11 Radio Frequency Channels Channel Center Frequency Frequency Spread 1 2412 MHz 2399.5 MHz - 2424.5 MHz 2 2417 MHz 2404.5 MHz - 2429.5 MHz 3 2422 MHz 2409.5 MHz - 2434.5 MHz 4 2427 MHz 2414.5 MHz - 2439.5 MHz 5 2432 MHz 2419.5 MHz - 2444.5 MHz 6 2437 MHz 2424.5 MHz - 2449.5 MHz 7 2442 MHz 2429.5 MHz - 2454.5 MHz 8 2447 MHz 2434.5 MHz - 2459.
Glossary 10BASE-T IEEE 802.3 specification for 10 Mbps Ethernet over twisted pair wiring. 100BASE-Tx IEEE 802.3 specification for 100 Mbps Ethernet over twisted pair wiring. 802.11b IEEE specification for wireless networking at 11 Mbps using direct-sequence spread-spectrum (DSSS) technology and operating in the unlicensed radio spectrum at 2.5GHz. Denial of Service attack DoS. A hacker attack designed to prevent your computer or network from operating or communicating.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Internet Protocol The main internetworking protocol used in the Internet. Used in conjunction with the Transfer Control Protocol (TCP) to form TCP/IP. LAN See local area network. local area network LAN. A communications network serving users within a limited area, such as one floor of a building. A LAN typically connects multiple personal computers and shared network devices such as storage and printers.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router Point-to-Point Protocol PPP. A protocol allowing a computer using TCP/IP to connect directly to the Internet. RFC Request For Comment. Refers to documents published by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) proposing standard protocols and procedures for the Internet. RFCs can be found at www.ietf.org. RIP See Routing Information Protocol. router A device that forwards data between networks.
Reference Manual for the MR814v2 Cable/DSL Wireless Router 4 Glossary
Index Numerics 64 or 128 bit WEP 3-7 802.
F L factory settings, restoring 5-8 LAN IP Setup Menu 6-6 firewall features 1-2 LEDs description 1-6 troubleshooting 7-2 Flash memory, for firmware upgrade 1-1 front panel 1-6, 1-7 G log sending 4-7 log entries 4-6 gateway address C-20 Login 2-9 H M Half Life 6-3 MAC address 7-7, B-9 spoofing 2-10, 2-14, 7-5 host name 2-11, 2-14 I IANA contacting B-2 IETF B-1 Web site address B-7 infrastructure mode D-2 installation 1-4 Macintosh C-19 configuring for IP networking C-16 DHCP Client ID C-16 O
1631 B-8, B-9 finding B-7 Password 2-9 password restoring 7-7 RIP (Router Information Protocol) 6-7 PC, using to configure C-21 router concepts B-1 ping 6-5 Router Status 5-1 pinout, Ethernet cable B-12 Routing Information Protocol 1-3, B-2 placement 3-1 port filtering 4-3 S Port Forwarding 6-1 Secondary DNS Server 2-9, 2-11, 2-14 port forwarding behind NAT B-9 security 1-1, 1-3 Port Forwarding Menu 6-1 service numbers 4-4 port numbers 4-3 Setup Wizard 2-1 PPP over Ethernet 1-4, C-18 Sha
USB C-18 W WAN 6-5 WEP D-3 WEP encryption 1-2 Wi-Fi D-1 Windows, configuring for IP routing C-2, C-7 winipcfg utility C-6 WinPOET C-18 Wired Equivalent Privacy.
