Voice/FaxoverIPNetworks 100 Voice/Fax Over IP Networks Model MVP110 Proprietary Mode User Guide
User Guide S0000220 Revision A MultiVOIP 100 (Model MVP110) This publication may not be reproduced, in whole or in part, without prior expressed written permission from MultiTech Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Copyright © 2001, by Multi-Tech Systems, Inc. Multi-Tech Systems, Inc. makes no representations or warranties with respect to the contents hereof and specifically disclaims any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for any particular purpose. Furthermore, Multi-Tech Systems, Inc.
Contents Chapter 1 - Introduction and Description .................................................. 5 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................. 6 Preview of this Guide .................................................................................................................................. 7 Typical Application .........................................................................
Viewing Logs ............................................................................................................................................. 45 Viewing Log Entry Details ................................................................................................................... 46 Viewing Channel Totals ........................................................................................................................ 46 Reports ......................................................
Voice/FaxoverIPNetworks 100 Chapter 1 - Introduction and Description
Chapter 1 - Introduction and Description Introduction Welcome to Multi-Tech's new voice/fax gateway, the MultiVOIP 100, model MVP110. The MultiVOIP 100 allows analog voice and fax communication over a traditional data communications/data networking digital Internet. Multi-Techs new voice/fax gateway technology allows voice and fax communication to ride, with no additional expense, over your existing communications Internet, which has traditionally been data-only.
Chapter 1 - Introduction and Description Preview of this Guide This guide describes the MultiVOIP and tells you how to install and configure the unit. The information contained in each chapter is as follows: Chapter 1 - Introduction and Description Chapter 1 describes the MultiVOIP. Front panel indicators, and back panel connector descriptions are provided. In addition, a list of relevant specifications is provided at the end of the chapter.
Chapter 1 - Introduction and Description Typical Application Before Voice Over IP (VOIP), a corporate office had a data connection to the Internet and a voice connection to the public telephone network. With VOIP, the two networks can be tied together. To accomplish this, a MultiVOIP is connected between the public telephone network and the data network. A typical application for a MultiVOIP is shown below. Corporate Office Workstation Web Server Remote Branch Office Workstation Router IP Address 201.
Chapter 1 - Introduction and Description Next, build your VOIP phone directory database that connects your MultiVOIPs together. From the phone directory database you can construct a VOIP phone book and a VOIP dialing directory. Before you construct the phone directory database, you must determine the Host-Client relationship between MultiVOIPs. The host MultiVOIP controls the phone directory database. Clients receive the phone directory database through the IP connection.
Chapter 1 - Introduction and Description Similarly, a remote branch office employee can pick up the phone at 301 and dial VOIP extension 102. This routes the call to the corporate office MultiVOIP where a second dial tone is heard. The remote branch office employee then dials extension 4122 after getting a second dial tone from the PBX at the corporate office and a conversation can take place between the two phones.
Chapter 1 - Introduction and Description Front Panel Description The front panel has two groups of LEDs that provide the status of the Ethernet connection (Ethernet), the Voice/Fax channel, and an LED for the Boot status. The front panel is shown below, and a description of each LED follows. MVP110 Front Panel Boot The Boot indicator lights when the MultiVOIP is booting or downloading setup. Ethernet RD Receive Data indicator blinks when packets are being received from the local area network.
Chapter 1 - Introduction and Description Back Panel Description The cable connections for the MultiVOIP are made at the back panel. Connectors include Power, Command Port (RS232), Ethernet (10BASE-T), and the Voice/Fax Channel. The cable connectors are shown below and defined in the following groups. MVP110 Back Panel Power Connector The Power connector is used to connect the power transformer to the MultiVOIP.
Chapter 1 - Introduction and Description Specifications One 1 Meg by 32 byte at 70 nanosecond SIMM is 4 Mb DRAM Two Megabytes of flash memory Ethernet Port Single Ethernet Interface--10BASE-T (twisted pair) keyed RJ-45 connector. Command Port Single 19.
Voice/FaxoverIPNetworks 100 Chapter 2 - Installation
Chapter 2 - Installation Installing Your MultiVOIP The basic steps of installing your MultiVOIP network involve unpacking the units, connecting the cables, and configuring the units using the included management software (MultiVOIP Configuration). The recommended installation process includes three phases that, when completed, result in a fully functional Voice Over IP network.
Chapter 2 - Installation Unpacking Your MultiVOIP www.multitech.com Remove all items from the box. (See Figure 6.) Voice/Fax over IP Networks MADE IN U.S.A MADE IN U.S.A Figure 6. Unpacking Safety Warnings Caution: Danger of explosion if battery is incorrectly replaced. A lithium battery on the circuit board provides backup power for the time keeping capability. The battery has an estimated life expectancy of ten years. When the battery starts to weaken, the date and time may be incorrect.
Chapter 2 - Installation Cabling Your MultiVOIP Cabling your MultiVOIP involves making the proper Power, Command Port, and Internet connections. Figure 2-2 shows the back panel connectors and the associated cable connections. The Cabling Procedure has step-by-step instructions for cabling your MultiVOIP. Power Connection FXS Command Port Connection Hub Network Connection Cable Connections Cabling Procedure 1.
Voice/FaxoverIPNetworks 100 Chapter 3 - Software Loading and Configuration
Chapter 3 - Software Loading and Configuration Installing Your MultiVOIP Software The following installation procedures do not provide every screen or option in the process of installing the MultiVOIP software. It is assumed that a technical person with a thorough knowledge of Windows and the software loading process is doing the installation. Additional information on the MultiVOIP software is provided in Chapter 4, MultiVOIP Software, and in the online Help.
Chapter 3 - Software Loading and Configuration 4. The MultiVOIP Setup welcome window displays. Press Enter or click Next to continue. 5. Follow the on-screen instructions to install your MultiVOIP software. 6. The following dialog box selects the COM port of your PC connected to the Command port of the MultiVOIP. From the Select Port list, select the COM port of your PC. Click OK to continue.
Chapter 3 - Software Loading and Configuration 7. The Setup Complete dialog displays. Click Finish to continue. 8. The following message displays: Click No to continue. 9. The following dialog box displays. Click No to continue. 9. In the program group, double-click Upgrade Software. 10. The following window displays. Click Yes to continue.
Chapter 3 - Software Loading and Configuration 11. The IP Protocol Default Setup dialog box displays. The default Frame Type is TYPE_II. If this does not match your IP network, change the Frame Type by selecting SNAP from the Frame Type list. The available Frame Type choices are TYPE_II and SNAP. 12. In the Ethernet group, enter your unique LAN IP address in the IP Address box, then enter the Subnet Mask and Gateway Address for your LAN in the corresponding boxes.
Chapter 3 - Software Loading and Configuration The Voice/Fax tab displays the parameters for the voice coder, faxing, and DTMF gain. 14. To change the voice coder, select the new voice coder entry from the Voice Coder list. If you changed the voice coder, ensure that the same voice coder is used on the voice/fax channel you are calling. Otherwise, you will get a busy signal. 15. The Fax group enables you to select the maximum baud rate for faxes and adjust the fax volume.
Chapter 3 - Software Loading and Configuration 17. The Billing/Security tab displays the parameters for automatic disconnection, billing options, and call authentication. 18. You can set up billing options for inbound and outbound calls by selecting them in the Billing Options group and then entering the charge in cents per number of seconds. 19. The Call Authentication option enables password protection for outbound and inbound calls on the selected voice/fax channel.
Chapter 3 - Software Loading and Configuration Click OK. The upgrade process begins. Each component is loaded in succession. 23. From the Program Group, double-click MultiVOIP Configuration. Click Phone Book. The Phone Directory Database dialog box displays. You will build your personalized MultiVOIP Phone Directory in the following steps. The MultiVOIP configured as a Host will contain the host database.
Chapter 3 - Software Loading and Configuration then enter 3 for System Information where item 1 is the Ethernet Port Address you want to enter in the Ethernet Node ID box. 28. Click OK and you are returned to the Phone Directory Database dialog box, which now includes phone number 101 with its IP address, channel number, and description. 29. Click Add and the Add/Edit Phone Entry dialog box displays again. 30.
Chapter 3 - Software Loading and Configuration 33. Click OK and you are returned to the Phone Directory Database dialog box, which now includes the second number and related information in the Phone Number list. 34. When you have finished, click OK to download the setup configuration to the MultiVOIP. 35. The Checking MultiVOIP dialog box displays. Click OK to proceed. 36. After the setup is written to the MultiVOIP, the unit is rebooted. 37.
Chapter 3 - Software Loading and Configuration Configuring Your Client MultiVOIPs If you are installing a MultiVOIP behind a firewall, you need to add the following UDP ports to your firewall. 900 Q.931 Signaling Information 5000 Status Information 5004 RTP Packets 5005 RTCP Packets Refer to your firewall user documentation to enter and open these ports. 1. Disconnect the PC from the command port of the Host MultiVOIP and connect it to the command port on the Client MultiVOIP. 2.
Chapter 3 - Software Loading and Configuration 5. The Channel Setup dialog box defines the channel interface, voice coder, fax parameters, and regional telephone parameters for each channel. Configure each channel for the type of interface you are connecting to. To change the channel number, select the channel you want to configure from the Select Channel list. 6. The Interface group defaults to FXS (Loop Start).
Chapter 3 - Software Loading and Configuration 7. To change the voice coder, select the channel from the Select Channel list, then select the new voice coder entry from the Voice Coder list. If you changed the voice coder, ensure that the same voice coder is used on the voice/fax channel you are calling. Otherwise, you will always get a busy signal. 9. The Fax group enables you to select the maximum baud rate for faxes.
Chapter 3 - Software Loading and Configuration 14. The Call Authentication option enables password protection for outbound and inbound calls on the voice/fax channel. If you enable password protection on inbound or outbound calls, you need to also enter a password of up to 14 numeric characters in the Password box. 15. The Automatic Disconnect option limits call duration to the number of seconds entered in the Disconnect After box.
Chapter 3 - Software Loading and Configuration 19. Click OK and you are returned to the main menu. 20. Click Download Setup to write the new configuration to the client unit. The Save Setup dialog box displays. 21. Select the Save Current Setup as User Default Configuration check box and click OK. After the setup is written to the MultiVOIP, the unit reboots. 22. Verify that the Boot LED on the MultiVOIP is Off after the download is complete. This may take several minutes as the MultiVOIP reboots.
Chapter 3 - Software Loading and Configuration Remote Site Administrator 3. Unpack your MultiVOIP. 4. Connect one end of the power supply to a live AC outlet and connect the other end to the Power connection on your MultiVOIP. Voice/Fax Channel Connection PHONE ETHERNET POWER FXS Power Connection Ethernet Connection Figure 8. Remote Site Cable Connection 5. Connect a network cable to the ETHERNET (RJ-45) connector on the back of your MultiVOIP. 6.
Voice/FaxoverIPNetworks 100 Chapter 4 - MultiVOIP Software
Chapter 4 - MultiVOIP Software Introduction This chapter describes various features of the MultiVOIP software that enable you to change (update) the configuration of your MultiVOIP. The basic configuration parameters were entered during the loading of the software (Chapter 3). The MultiVOIP software and configuration utilities described in this chapter enable you to change that initial configuration as necessary.
Chapter 4 - MultiVOIP Software have to the unit, and your rights. It shows if your PC is connected directly to the command port of the MultiVOIP or is communicating with the Ethernet port. The Rights box displays whether the user has Read/Write or Read-Only rights. The first user to use the MultiVOIP has Read/Write rights and can view and change the configuration of the MultiVOIP. Subsequent users have only Read-Only rights and can view the configuration of the MultiVOIP but cannot change it.
Chapter 4 - MultiVOIP Software The FXS Options group controls how the selected channel interacts with answering machines. If the Current Loss check box is selected, the local MultiVOIP interrupts power from the Phone port when a call is hung up on the remote end. The remote MultiVOIPs must also be configured for current loss. The Ring Count box contains the maximum number of rings allowed before the caller hears a fast busy signal. If this happens, hang up and try again. The default setting is 8 rings.
Chapter 4 - MultiVOIP Software The Silence Compression check box defines whether silence compression is enabled for the selected voice channel. If enabled, the MultiVOIP will not transmit voice packets when silence is detected, thereby reducing the amount of network bandwidth being used by the voice/fax channel. The Echo Cancellation check box defines whether echo cancellation is enabled for the voice/fax channel. If enabled, the MultiVOIP will remove echo-delay, which improves sound quality.
Chapter 4 - MultiVOIP Software Regional tab The regional tab controls the voice communications for the country or region in which the MultiVOIP is being used. From the Country/Region list you can select the country or region for which you are configuring the MultiVOIP. The Tone Pairs group always displays the tones used in the country or region currently selected.
Chapter 4 - MultiVOIP Software Client Status to display the status of all the client units in your VOIP network. The Phone Number of each client displays with its IP Address, current line status, and the description of the phone number. The phone number does not have to be a conventional phone number such as 555-1234. It can be a single digit or several digits, except it cannot be longer than the entry in the Max Dial Digits box in the Channel Setup dialog box.
Chapter 4 - MultiVOIP Software When you enter this information and click OK, the information is loaded into the phone directory database. To add a second entry, click Add and the Add/Edit Phone Entry dialog box displays again. After the host entries are added to the database, the same data has to be added for each client MultiVOIP. To establish the phone directory database for a client MultiVOIP, you do not have to enter phone numbers, but you have to check the Client option in the Database Type group.
Chapter 4 - MultiVOIP Software ProxyServer The Proxy Setup tab is used when a ProxyServer is used to connect the LAN to the Internet. If a ProxyServer is used in a MultiVOIP network, an address translation takes place within the ProxyServer to direct the phone call to the correct MultiVOIP. When a MultiVOIPs connection to the Internet is through a ProxyServer, the WAN port on the ProxyServer must have a static registered IP address.
Chapter 4 - MultiVOIP Software Internet connection. To reduce the frequency of lost packets, select a low-bit-rate coder, such as G.723 or Netcoder. Selecting the Forward Error Correction check box on the Voice/Fax tab in the Channel Setup dialog box enables the MultiVOIP to recover many of the lost packets. The Jitter (ms) value indicates the mean deviation of the difference in packet spacing at the receiver compared to the sender for a pair of packets.
Chapter 4 - MultiVOIP Software Viewing Statistics The Statistics dialog box enables you to view statistics for major events of the MultiVOIP operation. This dialog box is accessed by clicking Statistics on the Setup menu. Statistics can be a helpful troubleshooting tool. For example, viewing the Voice Channel statistics you can see the attempted and completed calls, call duration, average call length, bytes/packets sent and received, and so on.
Chapter 4 - MultiVOIP Software are being transferred. If not, that may indicate the web server is not enabled. Or, if you were having problems establishing a remote connection through TFTP, you could look in the UDP section to see if any packets are being received. If not, you may need to review your network addressing. SNMP Statistics The SNMP Statistics dialog box provides statistical information on Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP).
Chapter 4 - MultiVOIP Software The Log Entries dialog box displays each call as a sequentially numbered Event with the date, time, duration of the call, the status of the call (Successful or Unsuccessful), Mode (Voice or Fax), and the from and to numbers. Viewing Log Entry Details The Log Entry Details dialog box displays the status of a completed call. This dialog box displays the same details as the Call Progress dialog box after a call is completed.
Chapter 4 - MultiVOIP Software Reports A report of the contents of the Log Entries dialog box can be generated using the Windows Notepad accessory and then printed from your local PC. The report is generated by entering the To and From dates in the Report Generation dialog box and then clicking Generate. This function provides a hard copy of the Log Entries dialog box.
Chapter 4 - MultiVOIP Software Upgrade Procedures Whenever you upgrade your version of the MultiVOIP software, you must first install the new software on your PC. Then, download the Firmware, the Factory Defaults, and the Voice Coders to upgrade the MultiVOIP. Before starting the upgrade process, view the current configuration and write down important data such as your IP address, phone book contents, and voice channel configurations.
Chapter 4 - MultiVOIP Software Click OK. The MultiVOIP firmware and coders download, then the MultiVOIP reboots. Manual Upgrade Procedure Use this procedure only if you want to manually upgrade your MultiVOIP. Note: Steps 4-8 must be performed via the command port. 1. Run MultiVOIP Configuration from your old version of the MultiVOIP software. Note the current settings. Your MultiVOIP will be reset to factory defaults during this upgrade. 2.
Voice/FaxoverIPNetworks 100 Chapter 5 - Remote Configuration
Chapter 5 - Remote Configuration and Management Introduction This chapter provides procedures for viewing or changing the configuration of a remote unit. Two methods are provided to access a remote unit; the first method is modem based and the second method is using IP. Within the IP method, three applications can be used: 1) LAN-Based using TFTP (Trivial lFile Transfer Protocol), 2)Telnet as a client application, or 3) a standard web browser on the Internet.
Chapter 5 - Remote Configuration and Management Verify that the Communication Type is set for COM Port and the Select Port box is set for the COM port of your local PC. In the Dial String box, enter the AT command for dialing (ATDT) plus the phone number of the remote MultiVOIP. If your Modem Initialization String, Initialization Response, or Connect Response values are different than the defaults in the dialog box, refer to your modem user documentation and change the default values to match your modem.
Chapter 5 - Remote Configuration and Management the PC host name. You should also test the network interface configuration by Pinging another TCP/IP device that is connected to the network. 2. Install the MultiVOIP software on the local PC. When installed click Start | Programs | MultiVOIP 100 | Configuration Port Setup, or double-click on the Configuration Port Setup icon in the MultiVOIP 100 program group. 3. The MultiVOIP Port Setup dialog box displays.
Chapter 5 - Remote Configuration and Management 7. After you have changed the configuration of the remote MultiVOIP, click Download Setup to update the configuration. The remote MultiVOIP will be brought down, the new configuration written to the unit, and the unit will reboot. 8. Click Exit when the downloading is complete. 9. Double-click the MultiVOIP Configuration icon in the program group to verify that the MultiVOIP is running. Telnet A typical Telnet client application is described next.
Chapter 5 - Remote Configuration and Management Phone Directory Database Selecting Option 2 enables you to add entries to the Phone Directory Database. Refer to Chapter 4, MultiVOIP Software, for more details on the database. Phone Directory Configuration Selecting Option 3 enables you to configure and manage the Phone Directory. The various options are described in detail in Chapter 4 - MultiVOIP Software.
Chapter 5 - Remote Configuration and Management From this Web page, you can access all the configuration options. Refer to Chapter 4 - MultiVOIP Software, for a description of the various options.
Voice/FaxoverIPNetworks 100 Chapter 6 - Warranty, Service and Tech Support
Chapter 6 - Warranty, Service and Tech Support Introduction This chapter starts out with statements about your MultiVOIP 2-year warranty. The next section, Tech Support, should be read carefully if you have questions or problems with your MultiVOIP. It includes the technical support phone numbers, space for recording your product information, and an explanation of how to send in your MultiVOIP should you require service. The final section explains how to get support through the Internet.
Chapter 6 - Warranty, Service and Tech Support Service If your tech support specialist decides that service is required, your MultiVOIP may be sent (freight prepaid) to our factory. Return shipping charges will be paid by Multi-Tech Systems. Include the following with your MultiVOIP: a description of the problem return billing and return shipping addresses contact name and phone number check or purchase order number for payment if the MultiVOIP is out of warranty.
Chapter 6 - Warranty, Service and Tech Support Tech Support Multi-Tech has an excellent staff of technical support personnel available to help you get the most out of your Multi-Tech product. If you have any questions about the operation of this unit, call 1-800-9722439. Please fill out the MultiVOIP information (below), and have it available when you call. If your MultiVOIP requires service, the tech support specialist will guide you on how to send in your MultiVOIP (refer to the next section).
Voice/FaxoverIPNetworks 100 Appendixes
Appendix A - TCP/IP Description Appendix A - TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) Description TCP/IP is a protocol suite and related applications developed for the U.S. Department of Defense in the 1970s and 1980s specifically to permit different types of computers to communicate and exchange information with one another. TCP/IP is currently mandated as an official U.S. Department of Defense protocol and is also widely used in the UNIX community.
Appendix A - TCP/IP Description are better suited to the datagram service of UDP because there is no time lost to virtual circuit establishment and termination. UDPs primary function is to add a port number to the IP address to provide a socket for the application.
Appendix A - TCP/IP Description Internet Protocol (IP) IP is the Internet standard protocol that tracks Internetwork node addresses, routes outgoing messages and recognizes incoming messages, allowing a message to cross multiple networks on the way to its final destination. The IPv6 Control Protocol (IPV6CP) is responsible for configuring, enabling, and disabling the IPv6 protocol modules on both ends of the point-to-point link.
Appendix B - Cabling Diagrams Appendix B - Cabling Diagrams Command Port Cable 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 RJ-45 DB9F 1 4 2 7 3 8 CLEAR TO SEND 4 3 TRANSMIT DATA 5 2 RECEIVE DATA 6 6 7 1 8 5 PIN NO. To Command Port Connector PIN NO.
Appendix B - Cabling Diagrams Remote Configuration Cable 9-Pin Male To Command port adapter cable 25-Pin Male To DCE Device (e.g.
Appendix C - Regulatory Information Appendix C - Regulatory Information Class A Statement FCC Part 15 NOTE: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment.
Appendix C - Regulatory Information 4. If this equipment causes harm to the phone network, the phone company will notify you in advance that temporary discontinuance of service may be required. But if advance notice is not practical, the phone company will notify the customer as soon as possible. Also, you will be advised of your right to file a complaint with the FCC if you believe it is necessary. 5.
Appendix C - Regulatory Information Canadian Limitations Notice Ringer Equivalence Number Notice: The ringer equivalence number (REN) assigned to each terminal device provides an indication of the maximum number of terminals allowed to be connected to a phone interface. The termination on an interface may consist of any combination of devices subject only to the requirement that the sum of the ringer equivalence numbers of all the devices does not exceed 5.
Voice/FaxoverIPNetworks 100 Glossary
Glossary A Access: The T1 line element made up of two pairs of wire that the phone company brings to the customer premises. The Access portion ends with a connection at the local telco (LEC or RBOC). Accunet Spectrum of Digital Services (ASDS): The AT&T 56K bps leased (private) line service. Similar to services of MCI and Sprint. ASDS is available in nx56/64K bps, where n=1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12.
Glossary Bell Operating Companies (BOC): The family of corporations created during the divestiture of AT&T. BOCs are independent companies which service a specific region of the US. Also called Regional Bell Operating Companies (RBOCs). Bell Pub 41450: The Bell publication defining requirements for data format conversion, line conditioning, and termination for direct DDS connection.
Glossary Circuit-switched Network: A technology used by the PSTN that allocates a pair of conductors for the exclusive use of one communication path. Circuit switching allows multiple conversations on one talk path only if the end-users multiplex the signals prior to transmission. Circuit switching: The temporary connection of two or more communications channels using a fixed, non-shareable path through the network. Users have full use of the circuit until the connection is terminated.
Glossary Digital Data: Information represented by discrete values or conditions (contrast "Analog Data"). Digital Loopback: A technique used for testing the circuitry of a communications device. Can be initiated locally, or remotely (via a telecommunications device). The tested device decodes and encodes a received test message, then echoes the message back. The results are compared with the original message to determine if corruption occurred en route.
Glossary Explicit Congestion Management: The method used in frame relay to notify the terminal equipment that the network is overly busy. The use of FECN and BECN is called explicit congestion management. Some end-to-end protocols use FECN or BECN, but usually not both options together. With this method, a congestion condition is identified and fixed before it becomes critical. Contrast with "implicit congesion". Extended Super Frame (ESF): One of two popular formats for framing bits on a T1 line.
Glossary Graphical User Interface (GUI): A type of computer interface consisting of a visual metaphor of a real-world scene, often of a desktop. Within that scene are icons, representing actual objects, that the user can access and manipulate with a pointing device. H Handshaking: A process that two modems go through at the time of call setup to establish synchronization over the data communications link.
Glossary LAPB: Link Access Procedure Balanced; based on the X.25 Layer 2 specification. A full-duplex point-to-point bit-synchronous protocol commonly used as a data link control protocol to interface X.25 DTEs. LAPB is the link initialization procedure that establishes and maintains communications between the DTE and the DCE. LAPD: Link Access Protocol for the D-Channel; based on the ISDN Q.921 specification.
Glossary Multithreading: The ability of a software system to be able to handle more than one transaction concurrently. This is contrasted to the case where a single transaction is accepted and completely processed before the next transaction processing is started. N Nailed Connection: A permanent or dedicated circuit of a previously switched circuit or circuits. Nailed-up Circuit: A semipermanent circuit established through a circuit-switching facility for point-to-point connectivity.
Glossary Point of Presence (POP): The central office's end points of the long distance carriers. Point to Point Protocol (PPP): A protocol that lets a PC user access TCP/IP (Internet member) using an ISDN terminal adapter or a highspeed modem over a standard phone line. Port: A location for input or output data exchange. Computers, muxes, and so on have ports for various purposes. Primary Rate Interface (PRI): Used on ISDN. In North America, and Japan, PRI is one 64Kbps D channel and 23 B channels.
Glossary The robbed-bit signaling technique is used in D4 channel banks to convey signaling information. The eighth (least significant) bit of each of the 24 8-bit time slots is "robbed" every sixth frame to convey voice-related signaling information such as on-hook, off-hook, and so on, for each channel. Router: A device that connects two networks using the same networking protocol. It operates at the Network Layer (Layer 3) of the OSI model for forwarding decisions.
Glossary Systems Network Architecture (SNA): The description of the logical structure, formats, protocols, and operational sequences for transmitting information units through, and controlling the configuration and operation of of, networks. T Tariff: The rate/availability schedule for telephone and ISDN services from a regulated service provider. TCP/IP: A set of communication protocols that support peer-to-peer connectivity functions for both local and wide area networks.
Glossary Tunneling: Encapsulation data in an IP packet for transport across the internet. Twisted pair wiring: A type of cabling with one or more pairs of insulated wires wrapped around each other. An inexpensive wiring method used for LAN and telephone applications, also called UTP wiring. U UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter) (pronounced "you art"): A chip that transmits and receives data on the serial port.
Glossary Index M Multi-Tech Fax-Back Service ........................... 60 A O Archie .............................................................. 63 On-line Warranty Registration ..........................58 B P Back Panel ...................................................... 12 Ping .................................................................63 POP .................................................................63 Power Connector ....................................................
