247971-F June 2005 TM LS 6000 Series ™ Scintillation System User’s Guide Beckman Coulter, Inc. 4300 North Harbor Boulevard, Fullerton, CA 92834-3100 ©Copyright 2005 Beckman Coulter, Inc. Printed in U.S.A.
Copyright, Licenses and Trademarks © Beckman Coulter, Inc., 2004. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, transcribed, transmitted, or translated into any language in any form by any means without the written permission of Beckman Coulter, Inc. The software is copyrighted and may not be altered or given to a third party without the written authorization from Beckman Coulter, Inc.
Table of Contents Section 1 Introduction Intended Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . General Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Description of the Instrument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Basic System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table of Contents Standard Racks (White) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8 Miniature Racks (Blue) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8 Bio-Vial Racks (Green) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8 Color-Coded Racks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8 Command Cards . . . .
Table of Contents Section 3 Counting Samples Preparations for Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1 Conducting An Automatic Count . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1 Loading the Racks for Automatic Counting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1 Starting the Automatic Count . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table of Contents Section 5 Data Calculation Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1 CPM/Xtal CPM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1 Single Label CPM % of Reference/Xtal SL % of Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1 Single, Dual or Triple Label DPM/Xtal SL DPM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table of Contents Loading Samples for Xtal SL DPM% of Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Results for Xtal SL DPM % of Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Single Photon Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Setting Up Single Photon Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Number of Data Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table of Contents 14C Counting Efficiency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other Factors That May Affect Accurate Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Contamination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Noise . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table of Contents State Telephone & Address Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Introduction Intended Use 1Introduction 1.1 Intended Use The Beckman LS 6720/6730/6750 Scintillation System is designed to provide highly accurate, automated counting of the level of radioactivity in radioactively-tagged samples. The instrument can perform several types of calculations on the data obtained from counting, as selected by the user. 1.
Introduction General Description Confidence Pack The requires the Productivity Pack and includes color detection and correction, Lum-Ex™ for luminescence correction and two-phase monitor. Data Management Pack This includes the Data Buffer and Transfer System and the Radioactive Waste Manager. Environmental Pack This includes low level count mode and Alpha/Beta Discrimination. Many of these options can also be purchased separately and many require additional options to operate.
Introduction General Description stepped into position for processing. In turn, each vial is raised by the elevator into position within the counting chamber and counted. Instructions for processing samples, as well as other operating and system commands, are entered using the keyboard on the front of the instrument. A series of menus is displayed on the monitor to guide you through the process of setting up the programs used by the system.
Introduction Specifications System Setup System Setup allows you to set system parameters tailored to your laboratory requirements and to set up count parameters and calibration information for Auto DPM. Refer to Section 2.6 for more information. System Test System Test provides a number of routines to verily performance of the mechanics, electronics and memory of the instrument and to test the printer. This mode is used by your Authorized Beckman Service Representative for servicing the instrument.
Introduction Precautions and Limitations gloves can cause severe static problems which may produce highly erroneous and misleading results. Refer to Section 7.2 for more information on static problems. 7. If the instrument is used in a manner other than as described, the safety and performance of the instrument can be impared. Standard Vials The dimensions given on the left reflect the International Standard for IS vials.
Introduction Precautions and Limitations Miniature Vials Miniature Vials within the dimensions given on the left are counted regardless of cap configuration or cap color. The dimensions are compatible with the Beckman Miniature Rack. Figure 1.
Introduction Hazards Bio-Vials Bio-Vials within the dimensions given on the left are compatible with the Beckman Coulter Bio-Vial Rack. Figure 1.3 Bio-Vials 1.5 Hazards Electrical This instrument should be operated from a supply source which incorporates a third wire protective grounding conductor which conforms to local codes. Three to two wire isolation adapters must not be used. A shock hazard exists inside this instrument. This instrument is not designed nor intended to be serviced by the user.
Introduction Hazards 2. Contact your Radiation Health and Safety Officer for assistance. Further information may be found on the labeling on the back of the instrument and in Appendix e of this user’s guide. 3. If the instrument becomes contaminated with radioactive material, immediately contact your Radiation Health and Safety Officer and an Authorized Beckman Service Representative.
Getting Started Powering Up 2Getting Started 2.1 Powering Up The power switch for the LS is in a recessed well on the left side of the instrument (Figure 2.1). It is recommended that the main power be left on at all times. To start the instrument when powered down, simply throw the power switch to On (the “1” position). A reset switch is located close to the main power switch (Figure 2.1). This switch is used when the keyboard does not respond to inputs. Figure 2.
Getting Started Powering Up The only user accessible fuses are the power fuses, located next to the receptacle where the power cord is plugged into the instrument. The instrument has two fuses. Parts required: 100/ 120V instrument—4A time lag fuse (UL/CSA),P/N 801579 220/240V instrument—2A time tag fuse (lEO), P/N 898227 Tools required: Small flatblade screwdriver. Figure 2.2 Tools Required 110/120 v INST 2-2 220/240 V INST Two 801579 Two 898222 4 A Time Lag Fuses 2 A Time Lag Fuses 0.25” X 1.
Getting Started Power Failure WARNING For continued protection against risk of fire, re-place the fuse(s) only with the type and current rating specified above. WARNING Afin d’assurer une protection permanente contre les risques d’incendie, remplacer uniquement par un fusible de même type et valeur. 2.2 4. Replace the fuse. 5. Plug the power cord back into the instrument. 6. Reposition the instrument, if neccessary.
Getting Started Operating Controls The remaining keys on the keyboard are as follows: ENTER Used following entries to indicate to the system that the information entered is complete. Can be used interchangeably with the SELECT key on the Operator Control keypad. DELETE Used to correct an error in making an entry. Pressing DELETE clears the entry and moves the cursor to the beginning of the field, ready for you to re-enter the information correctly.
Getting Started Operating Controls START Starts the count of the vials loaded in the sample changer, provided all necessary setup steps have been accomplished. CURSOR ARROW There are four cursor keys: Up, Down, Left, and Right. Prompts on the menus are selected (highlighted) using the Up/Down Cursor Arrow keys. When the first prompt is highlighted, pressing the Up Cursor Arrow key presents the previous menu. When the last prompt is highlighted, pressing the Down Cursor Arrow key presents the next menu.
Getting Started Operating Controls menus. Below the Main Editing Window is the Data Entry Window. This area is used to display instructions for the prompt selected on the menu. Figure 2.4 Typical Screen The Supplementary Window on the left is used to display a summary of the User Program during editing, to display the count data during Multi-Task, or to display additional comments. Below this area, the Active Key Window displays the names of the keys active in the current operating mode.
Getting Started Using the Racks Active Key Window. The monitor displays the count data and the menus and instructions for using the instrument. If you are not familiar with these operating controls or the display, refer to Operating Controls Section 2. The Main Menu, shown in Figure 2.7, is used to access the various operating modes of the system. An operating mode is selected using the Up/Down Cursor Arrow keys to highlight the desired choice.
Getting Started Using the Racks racks are supplied if Versa-Rack is installed. Bio-Vial racks are purchased separately and are used in place of the miniature vial racks. Each rack has vial position numbers in raised numerals along the bottom edge of one side. The other side of the rack has two slots, one to hold a Command Card and one to hold a Rack Number Card. If a Rack Number Card is installed, the Rack Number and position number are printed next to the Sample Number.
Getting Started Using the Racks Setting Up the Racks It is recommended that the Command Cards and Rack Number Cards be installed onto the racks and left on them. The following racks are suggested for set up: Calibrate Rack; Halt Rack; Interrupt Rack; Auto DPM Rack and Sample Racks. Installing the cards and each kind of rack is described below. Installing Cards To install the cards onto the racks: 1. Select the appropriate rack and card(s) as described in each section below. 2.
Getting Started Using the Racks To set up the Calibrate Rack, select one of the standard or miniature racks, depending on the size of your unquenched standards. If the instrument is ordered as a Miniature Rack System, the unquenched calibration standards supplied with the instrument are miniature vials. If the instrument is ordered as a Standard Rack System, the unquenched calibration standards supplied with the instrument are standard vials.
Getting Started Preparing the Printer To set up the Sample Rack(s), select any of the supplied racks other than the color-coded racks. Insert the desired User Number Card as a Command Card onto the rack as described above. Continue to make other Sample Racks by placing a User Number Card in the slot. Place a Rack Number Card on the racks with User Number Cards and any other racks you will use for counting samples. Refer to Section 3.2 for more information on using the Sample Racks.
Getting Started System Setup Loading the Paper Refer to the User’s Manual provided with the printer for instructions on loading the paper. When the paper runs out while an instrument procedure is in progress, the instrument stops and displays an error message. To clear the error message, load more paper and press the LINE FEED key on the instrument keyboard. Counting resumes. 2.
Getting Started System Setup NOTE System Test is designed for use by a Beckman Coulter Authorized Service Representative. It is not discussed in this User’s Guide. For more information on System Test, contact your local Beckman Coulter Authorized Service Representative. 3. Highlight “System Setup” and press SELECT. The System Setup Menu shown in Figure 2.8 is displayed. 4. Highlight the prompt you wish to change. The Data Entry Window provides information for entering your changes.
Getting Started System Setup Table 2.1 System Setup Parameters Item Allow Interrupt Count Default Allowable Responses Yes Yes; No Baud Rate 1200 110; 300; 600; 1200; 2400; 4800; 9600; 19200 Parity None None; Odd; Even Stop Bits 1 1; 2 XON/XOFF Yes Yes; No DTR No Yes; No CTS No Yes; No Audible Alarm Yes Yes; No Full Alarm Repeats Yes Yes; No Date and Time None Time: Hours, 00-24; Minutes, 00-59; Date: Days, 01-31; Month, 3 letter code; Year, 0000-9999 Counting Time 1.00 0.
Getting Started System Setup RS232 The parameters for the RS232 port are selectable based on the external device connected to the port. To set up the RS232 parameters, highlight RS232 and press SELECT. The RS232 Setup Menu shown in Figure 2.9 is displayed. Each of the displayed prompts is described below. Allowable responses are given in Table 2.1. Baud Rate The baud rate of the RS232 port must match the baud rate of the external device for transmission to occur.
Getting Started System Setup To change the settings, highlight “Stop Bits” and choose the appropriate number from the choices presented. XON/XOFF If the external device connected to the R5232 port uses software handshaking (XOn/XOff), then choose Yes. If software hand-shaking Is not desired, choose No. To change the settings, highlight “XON/XOFF” and choose the desired setting.
Getting Started System Setup Date/Time The current date and time is set at time of installation. To change either the date or the time, highlight “Date/Time” and press SELECT. The Main Editing Window displays two items: Time and Date. Time The time is set on a 24 hour clock and entered as hour and minutes, or hour, minutes, and seconds. To change the settings, highlight ‘Time” and enter the new time. The clock is updated when MAIN MENU or PREVIOUS MENU is pressed.
Getting Started Calibration To change these parameters, highlight “AUTO DPM Calibration Setup” and press SELECT. The menu shown in Figure 2.10 is displayed. Highlight each prompt and enter the values for the appropriate isotope. Figure 2.10 Auto DPM Calibration Setup Menu Color Selection - Monitor If a color monitor is installed, this parameter is used to select the colors displayed on the monitor and the colors displayed on the graphics window.
Getting Started Temperature Control Accessory NOTE The unquenched 14C standard must be the first sample in the Calibrate Rack. If a vial is detected in position #2 of the Calibrate Rack, Auto DPM Calibration is also per-formed. Refer to Section 3 Auto DPM Calibration for information on Auto DPM Calibration. Other vials in this rack are not counted. If calibrating before an Automatic Count, samples for counting must be loaded in the Sample Racks following the Calibrate Rack, not in the Calibrate Rack. 2.
Getting Started Temperature Control Accessory 2-20 LS 6000 Scintillation System User’s Manual PN 247971-F
Counting Samples Preparations for Use 3Counting Samples 3.1 Preparations for Use Provided the power has been left on, as recommended, the instrument is ready for use any time. When the instrument is powered up and in a standby status, the screen shown in Figure 3.1 is displayed. The Main Menu is displayed in the Main Editing Window. Press MAIN MENU if the Main Menu is not displayed in the Main Editing Window. NOTE This section assumes you are familiar with the Operating Controls of the LS.
Counting Samples Conducting An Automatic Count You can load up to 28 standard vial racks or 36 miniature racks or Bio-Vial racks. With Versa-Rack installed, standard, miniature and Bio-Vial racks may be intermixed within the same run. Care must be taken not to place more racks in the sample changer than it is capable of using. An error message is displayed if the sample changer is overloaded.
Counting Samples Conducting Count Single Rack NOTE If your samples have already been placed in the sample changer, you may simply press START after selecting Automatic Counting on the Main Menu. Figure 3.2 Screen Displayed During Automatic Count During Automatic Count, pressing the two RESET keys simultaneously terminates the counting process and returns the LS to Standby. The STOP COUNT key is used to terminate the counting of the current sample.
Counting Samples Conducting Count Single Rack Counting a Single Rack with the Default Parameters A permanent set of default parameters can be used to obtain a quick count of samples under Count Single Rack. The default parameters, shown in Figure 3.3, provide a window of 0 to 1000, the entire 2000 KeV energy range of the instrument and a counting time of 1.00 minute. The results are presented as cpm. Figure 3.3 Count Single Rack Menu IC# (or H# Plus, If Installed) and Lum-Ex (If Installed) are turned on.
Counting Samples Conducting Count Single Rack 3. The Main Editing Window prompts you to load your Sample Rack containing the vials you wish to count. Load the rack into the right side of the sample changer so it is the first rack counted, and press START. Figure 3.4 Typical Printout from Count Single Rack. 4. The sample(s) are counted and the results printed. A typical printout is shown in Figure 3.4. The Main Menu is displayed.
Counting Samples Conducting Count Single Rack To perform Count Single Rack using a User Program: Figure 3.
Counting Samples Conducting Count Single Rack Figure 3.6 Summary Of User Program in Count Single Rack 1. With the Main Menu displayed, highlight “Count Single Rack” and press SELECT. The Count Single Rack Menu shown in Figure 3.3 is displayed. 2. Highlight “Select User Program” and press SELECT. The User Program Selection Menu shown in Figure 3.5 is displayed. 3. Select the desired User Program. A summary of the counting time and isotope settings is displayed.
Counting Samples Auto DPM The Main Editing Window then prompts you to load your samples and initiate counting by pressing START again. Refer to Section 5.9 for more information on Single Photon Monitor. Figure 3.7 Typical Printout from Count Single Rack 5. 3.4 The sample(s) are counted and the results printed. Figure 3.7 shows an example of a resulting printout from Count Single Rack using a User Program. The Main Menu is displayed.
Counting Samples Multi-Task NOTE The Calibrate Rack must contain the unquenched l4~ standard in position #1 and the unquenched ~ standard in position #2. Standard DPM and the date of standardization of the unquenched standard used for Auto DPM Calibration must be stored under System Setup. Counting With Auto DPM Counting in Auto DPM is similar to Automatic Count. Refer to Section 3.2 if you are not familiar with counting in the automatic mode. Place your samples to count in the Auto DPM Rack.
Counting Samples Multi-Task NOTE Multi-Task is automatically terminated if no user action (either editing or counting) takes place within a 10 minute period while in Multi-Task. Figure 3.8 The Multi-Task Menu Interrupt Count in Multi-Task A single sample or up to one rack of samples may be counted in this mode during Multi-Task. Load the priority samples to count into the Interrupt Rack. Refer toSetting Up the Racks Section 2 if you are not familiar with the Interrupt Rack.
Counting Samples Multi-Task 2. From the Multi-Task Menu, highlight “Interrupt Count” and press SELECT. The menu shown in Figure 3.9 is displayed. Figure 3.9 The Interrupt Menu 3. Highlight “Count Single Rack” and press SELECT. The Count Single Rack Menu (Figure 3.3) is displayed. NOTE If Interrupt Data is stored, this data must be reviewed, printed or deleted before another Interrupt Count can be performed. Refer to Interrupt Data Section 3 for information on Interrupt Data.
Counting Samples Multi-Task NOTE You may abort the Interrupt Count and resume Automatic Count by pressing [SELECT] at any time after this point. Figure 3.10 Summary of User Program in Interrupt Count 7. When the samples in the Interrupt Rack have been counted, the instrument resumes the previous Automatic Count where it was interrupted. Results of Interrupt Count are displayed and stored. They are not printed out. Refer to Interrupt Data Section 3 for information on accessing Interrupt Data.
Counting Samples Multi-Task The User Program Review is displayed in the Supplementary Window to the left. See Figure 3.11. Figure 3.11 Summary User Program in Interrupt. 5. Make the desired changes in the User Program. Refer to Section 4 for more information on editing. Any changes to the User Program are not permanently stored. They are used to count the samples during Interrupt Count only. 6. When editing is complete, press PREVIOUS MENU. The menu shown in Figure 3.10 is displayed.
Counting Samples Multi-Task results of the Interrupt Count are displayed and stored. Once stored, Interrupt Data can be viewed on the display, printed, sent to the RS232 port, and/or deleted. Figure 3.12 Access Stored Interrupt Data Menu.
Counting Samples Multi-Task To access Interrupt Data: 1. From either the Main Menu (Figure 3.1) or the Multi-Task Menu (Figure 3.8), highlight ‘Access Interrupt Data”, and press SELECT. The Access Stored Interrupt Data Menu shown in Figure 3.12 is displayed. Figure 3.13 Data Displayed During View Interrupt Data. Figure 3.14 Typical Printout of Interrupt Results 2. To view the data, highlight “View Interrupt Data” and press SELECT. The data is presented on the screen as shown in Figure 3.13.
Counting Samples Multi-Task 3. To print the data, highlight “Print Interrupt Data” and press SELECT. All stored data are printed. Figure 3.14 shows a typical printout. If data is printed during Automatic Count, the printer advances to the top of the next page before it prints the Interrupt Data. When Automatic Count is resumed, the Automatic Count data is put on a new page. The Access Stored Interrupt Data Menu is displayed. 4.
Counting Samples Multi-Task Editing the Current User Program Only the counting time or counting precision of the User Program in use during Automatic Count can be edited. A change made to the processing time of the samples applies only to the Interrupt Count. It is not stored as a permanent change to the program. Figure 3.15 Edit Current User Program During Multi-Task. To edit the User Program currently in use during Auto Count: 1.
Counting Samples Multi-Task 7. Press PREVIOUS MENU to return to the Auto Count display. Figure 3.16 New Isotope Setup Menu in Multi-Task. Using New Isotope Setup in Multi-Task During Automatic Count, New Isotope Setup can be accessed using Multi-Task. An isotope not currently stored in the Isotope Library may be set up manually or an isotope can be deleted. Refer to Section 6.1 for more information on the Isotope Library. To use New Isotope Setup: 3-18 1.
Counting Samples Multi-Task Isotope Library Section 6 for adding and deleting isotopes if you are not familiar with these tasks. Figure 3.17 Select Another Isotope Menu in Multi-Task. NOTE You may not set up an isotope in Multi-Task using Automatic Setup. 5. When you are finished using New Isotope Setup, highlight “Isotope Selection Complete’ and press SELECT. The Multi-Task Menu is displayed. 6. Press PREVIOUS MENU to return to the Auto Count display.
Counting Samples Multi-Task 2. From the Multi-Task Menu, highlight “Isotope/DPM Libraries” and press SELECT. The Main Editing Window displays two prompts: Setup and Review Isotopes and Setup and Review DPM Quench Curves. Figure 3.18 Menu to Edit Quench Curves in Multi-Task. 3. Highlight ‘Setup and Review DPM Quench Curves” and press SELECT. The menu shown in Figure 3.18 is displayed. 4. A new quench curve is manually entered just as if you were manually entering it in the DPM Setup.
Setting Up User Programs About the User Programs 4Setting Up User Programs 4.1 About the User Programs Twenty to fifty User Programs are available for editing. When the instrument is first installed, each User Program contains default parameters given in Figure 4.1. An overview of the parameters in the User Program with the default values and allowable responses is given in Figure 4.2. More information on each item is presented in ID Section 4 to Protect User Program Section 4.
Setting Up User Programs About the User Programs Figure 4.2 Overview of User Program Item Id Default Default Values Comments 4-2 Allowable Responses Maximum 15 characters. Maximum 28 character. Counting Time 1.00 min. Liquid; Xtal. Isotope 1 3H Isotopes stored in Isotope Library for the selected scintillator; for dual or triple label, the lower-energy isotope; Manual; Wide; SPM.
Setting Up User Programs Editing A User Program Figure 4.2 Overview of User Program Item Default Allowable Responses Counting Precision Background, Isotope 3 0 0.00-99.99% Quench IC# IC#; H#; Off AQC No Yes; No Lum-Ex Correction No Yes; No 2 Phase Monitor No Yes; No Low Level Off Off; On Low Count Reject 0 0 - 9999 Output Formats/Printer Std 0 - 9999.9 Output Formats/RS232 Off 0 - 9999.9 Output Formats/Disk Off 0 - 9999.
Setting Up User Programs Editing A User Program that selection, the allowable responses and the format, if information is to be typed in. The default values and allowable responses are also given in Figure 4.2. Figure 4.3 Summary Screen of User Programs To edit a User Program: 1. With the Main Menu displayed, highlight “Review and Edit User Program” and press SELECT. The menu shown in Figure 4.2 is displayed.
Setting Up User Programs Editing A User Program acceptable, use the Down Cursor key to move to the next prompt. If the value is to be changed, follow the instructions in the Data Entry Window. Figure 4.
Setting Up User Programs Editing A User Program Figure 4.5 Review/Edit Menu 2 Continue onto the second Review/Edit Menu shown in Figure 4.4.Highlight “Edit Other Parameters” and press SELECT. Make any other desired changes. Figure 4.1 gives the default values and allowable responses for the parameters of the User Program. Refer to ID Section 4 - Protect User Program Section 4 for more information on each parameter. 4.
Setting Up User Programs Editing A User Program Comments The Comments line provides descriptive data that is printed in the program summary. A comment line is not required. To enter or revise a comment, highlight “Comments”. Enter your comments using up to 28 characters. Counting Time The counting time is the length of time each sample is counted. To change counting time, highlight “Counting Time”. Enter the desired counting time in minutes.
Setting Up User Programs Editing A User Program Choose SPM (if installed) if you want to do single photon counting. The User Program is modified for single photon counting. These parameters are not available: Quench Monitor; Lum-Ex Correction (if installed); 2 Phase (if installed); and Counting Precision. The Data Calculation program defaults to the Single Photon Program. Refer to Section 5.9 for more information on single photon monitoring.
Setting Up User Programs Editing A User Program Edit Other Parameters If no further editing is desired, press MAIN MENU. If any inconsistencies exist, a pop up window displays the error message defining the problem and suggesting a correction. The error must be corrected before proceeding. Figure 4.6 Data Calculation Programs/Liquid.
Setting Up User Programs Editing A User Program Figure 4.7 Data Calculation Programs /Xtal To edit the other parameters, highlight “Edit Other Parameters”, and press SELECT. The menu shown in Figure 4.4 is displayed. Data Calculation Data Calculation provides selection of programs for processing the data.
Setting Up User Programs Editing A User Program Counting Precision Counting to a preset counting precision is used so all results have the same precision, eliminating one source of variation in the experiment. The value entered for counting precision establishes the 95% confidence level for the count (the 2 sigma statistical value). A value of 2.00% indicates that in 95 out of 100 cases, the counts per minute obtained are within 2% of the mean, and in the remaining 5 cases may be outside that 2%.
Setting Up User Programs Editing A User Program Blanks are samples that are counted at the beginning of your unknown samples, and the value of the blanks are subtracted from each of the subsequent samples. Blanks are counted along with the samples, and have the same counting time and counting precision as the samples. The counting precision obtained when the blank is counted is used to correct the precision of the unknown samples.
Setting Up User Programs Editing A User Program higher energy isotope into the lower energy isotope window essentially constant. It is selectable. Figure 4.8 Quench/Lum-Ex/2Phase Selection Menu. To change the settings, highlight “Quench/Lum-Ex/2Phase” and press SELECT. The menu shown in Figure 4.8 is displayed. Choose the desired quench monitor. If H# is chosen, choose AQC On (Yes) or Off (No). If no other changes are desired, press PREVIOUS MENU to return to the menu shown in Figure 4.4.
Setting Up User Programs Editing A User Program Phase Monitor The 2 Phase Monitor detects and flags samples that have separated into two phases. A two phase sample may yield inaccurate counting data. The sample may be thoroughly emulsified when placed in the instrument, and may separate while waiting to be counted. Sometimes the two phases are visually distinct. In other cases the only difference seen is a slight haze. When plastic vials are used, even a distinct separation is not visible.
Setting Up User Programs Editing A User Program To change the settings, highlight “Output Formats” and press SELECT. The Main Editing Window displays three prompts: Printer Format, RS232 Format (optional) and Disk File Format (optional). The formats are identical in setup. Highlight “Printer Format”, “RS232 Format” or “Disk File Format” and highlight one of the choices: Standard, Edit or Off. “Off” cannot be selected for all three locations.
Setting Up User Programs Editing A User Program Figure 4.10 Menu 2 for Edit Format: CPM.
Setting Up User Programs Editing A User Program Figure 4.11 Menu 3 for Edit Format: CPM. Table 4.
Setting Up User Programs Editing A User Program Table 4.1 List of Selectable R5232 Items List of Selectable Parameters For Edit Format Counting Efficiency Count Time DPM Ratio Statistics Spectral Data Means* Sample Spectrum Energy Data Coefficient of Variation* Compton Spectrum Energy Data Counting Precision Sample Spectrum Channel Data Compton Spectrum Channel Data *Means and Coefficients of Variance are computed for sample repeats, replicates, blanks and Reference samples.
Setting Up User Programs Copy User Program Either Sample or Compton Spectrum, neither spectrum or both spectra may be transmitted. Each spectral type may be transmitted as a function of energy (E), Log E, or both. The data may be printed or sent to the RS232 port. The number of channels transmitted for a sample spectrum is always equal to the width of the window in the Isotope Library plus 10%.
Setting Up User Programs Copy User Program Program Section 4. The program copied is still stored under its original program number.
Data Calculation Introduction 5Data Calculation 5.1 Introduction The Data Calculation programs are divided into two groups depending on the type of scintillator selected in the User Pro-gram. When Xtal is selected as the scintillator, Xtal precedes the Data Calculation program. The following Data Calculation programs are provided.
Data Calculation CPM/Xtal CPM Procedures for setting up the data calculation programs are presented in this section. Figure 5.1 shows a Data Calculation Menu. Refer to Data Calculation Section 4 for information on calling up the Data Calculation Menu when editing a User Program. Figure 5.
Data Calculation CPM/Xtal CPM Half-Life Correction Sample data can be half-life corrected to the standardization date of the isotopes used in the samples. This date is printed by the manufacturer on the label of the isotope container. If a date is not entered (a zero is entered), then half-life correction is calculated from the start of the count cycle. A half-life for the isotope must be stored in Isotope Library to obtain half-life correction.
Data Calculation CPM/Xtal CPM CPM X Factor = Final Answer Printed Out To change the factor for any isotope, highlight “Factor” for that isotope and enter the new factor. The factor may have a maximum of nine digits and decimal point. Values greater than or less than this range may be entered as an exponential using a 10 character field. For example, the number 1.0623 X 10- is entered as 1.
Data Calculation SL CPM % of Reference/Xtal SL CPM % of Reference Figure 5.3 Typical Printout for CPM in Standard Format. If you are using replicates, the replicates must be loaded in adjacent positions. To indicate that one or more replicates are missing from a group, leave only one empty position; the system recognizes the vial following the empty space as being the first replicate of the next set. NOTE Do not leave an empty space for each missing replicate.
Data Calculation SL CPM % of Reference/Xtal SL CPM % of Reference CPM/Xtal CPM Section 5 for information on these prompts. In addition, a prompt to set the units is provided. This prompt is described below. Units Units allows you to enter units or any name you want printed as the final results. This name is used in place of the %REF heading in the printout. To change the setting, highlight “Units” and enter the desired name using up to 5 characters.
Data Calculation Auto DPM NOTE Do not leave an empty space for each missing replicate. One empty space indicates to the system that a new group of replicates follows. Figure 5.5 Typical Printout for SL CPM % of Reference Results for SL CPM % of Reference/Xtal SL CPM % of Reference To count the samples, refer to Section 3.2. A sample printout for % of Reference in Standard Format is shown in Figure 5.5. The calculated result is shown under the % Ref column heading. 5.
Data Calculation DPM Setting Up Auto DPM When editing a User Program, from the Data Calculation Menu (Figure 5.1), choose “Auto DPM”. The prompts displayed for this program are the same as described for CPM. Refer to Setting Up CPM/Xtal CPM Section 5 for information on setting these prompts. Loading Samples for Auto DPM The same loading sequence used for CPM is used for DPM. Refer to Loading Samples for CPM/Xtal CPM Section 5. Figure 5.6 Typical Printout for Auto DPM.
Data Calculation DPM Single Label DPM uses either IC# or H# Plus (if installed) as the quench monitor. AQC must be off. Color Quench Correction (if installed) automatically corrects for single label, colored samples when H# is selected and one of the five factory stored Isotopes is chosen as Isotope 1. Refer to The DPM Library Section 6 for more information on Color Quench Correction. Dual and Triple Label DPM always uses H# Plus as the quench monitor. AQC is On.
Data Calculation DPM MAIN MENU and refer to Section 6.2 for setting up a quench curve for the selected isotope(s). Figure 5.7 Data Calculation Menu for DL DPM. Isotope Ratio (Dual and Triple Label DPM) The ratio between any of the isotopes can be calculated and printed when Dual or Triple Label DPM is selected. To choose an isotope ratio, highlight “Isotope Ratio”. For dual label, the isotope chosen is the numerator and by default the other isotope is denominator.
Data Calculation Xtal DPM Results for DPM To count the samples, refer to Section 3.2. A typical printout in standard format for Single Label DPM is shown in Figure 5.8. A typical printout in standard format for Dual Label DPM is shown in Figure 5.9. A typical printout in standard format for Triple Label DPM is shown in Figure 5.10. 5.6 Xtal DPM The Xtal DPM program provides a measure of the absolute activity (dpm) for single label samples with constant quench.
Data Calculation Xtal DPM Figure 5.9 Typical Printout for Dual Label DPM. Figure 5.10 Typical Printout for Triple Label DPM.
Data Calculation Xtal DPM The Xtalscint DPM program assumes the samples are counting to the same efficiency. Instead of a quench curve, only one dpm standard is required. The efficiency of this standard is deter-mined at the beginning of the sample set by counting a standard with a known dpm prepared in the same manner as the samples. This calculated efficiency is used to calculate the dpm of the remaining samples in the set.
Data Calculation Xtal DPM Standard Date Standard Date is used to correct the dpm of the standard for half-life decay. This date is given by the manufacturer on the label of the isotope container used to make the Xtalscint Standard. If a date is not entered here, the standard dpm is not corrected for half-life. To enter the Standard Date, highlight “Standard Date”, and enter the date in this format: dd mmm yyyy (2 digits for day, a 3 letter code for the month, and 4 digits for the year).
Data Calculation DPM % of Reference Figure 5.13 Typical Printout for Xtal DPM NOTE Do not leave an empty space for each missing replicate. One empty space indicates to the system that a new group of replicates follows. Results for Xtal DPM To count the samples, refer to Section 3.2. A typical printout in standard format for Xtalscint DPM is shown in Figure 5.13. 5.
Data Calculation Xtal SL DPM % of Reference Single and Dual Label DPM % of Reference (if installed) is available when a liquid scintillator is selected. Xtal SL DPM % of Reference (if installed) is available when Xtal is selected as the scintillator. Refer to Section 5.8 for information on Xtal SL DPM % of Reference. Setting Up DPM % of Reference When editing a User Program, from the Data Calculation Menu (Figure 5.1), choose “SL DPM %REF~’, or “DL DPM %REF”.
Data Calculation Xtal SL DPM % of Reference efficiency. This calculated efficiency is used to calculate the dpm of the remaining samples in the set. Blanks and backgrounds can be subtracted if selected in the User Program. Figure 5.
Data Calculation Xtal SL DPM % of Reference Figure 5.15 Typical Printout for DL DPM % of Reference % Ref = Sample DPM - Blank CDM x 100 x Factor Reference DPM - Blank DPM Xtal SL DPM % of Reference (if installed) is available when Xtal is selected as the scintillator. Single and Dual Label DPM % of Reference (if installed) is available when a liquid scintillator is selected. Refer to Section 5.7 for information on DPM % of Reference.
Data Calculation Xtal SL DPM % of Reference If blanks are specified in the User Program as described in Background/Blank Subtraction Section 4, load the blanks first. Blanks are optional. Any number of blanks may be used. The average is printed. Leave an empty space between the last blank and first standard; this indicates to the instrument that the next vial encountered is a standard. Figure 5.16 Loading Sequence for Xtal DPM % of Reference. Load the standard dpm after the empty space.
Data Calculation Single Photon Monitoring NOTE Do not leave an empty space for each missing replicate. One empty space indicates to the system that a new group of replicates follows. Figure 5.17 Typical Printout for Xtal DPM % of Reference. Results for Xtal SL DPM % of Reference To count the samples, refer to Section 3.2. A typical printout for Xtal SL DPM % of Reference in Standard Format is shown in Figure 5.17. The calculated result is shown under the % Ref column heading. 5.
Data Calculation Single Photon Monitoring The Counting Time/Sample displayed is entered as the Counting Time described in Counting Time Section 4. However, this time is the elapsed time from the start of the count cycle instead of live time as in the other Data Calculation programs. The prompts for Single Photon are described below. Repeat counts and replicates are not used in the Single Photon Program.
Data Calculation Single Photon Monitoring Count Time per Data Point This feature allows you to enter the amount of time to accumulate counts for each data point. This time is restricted by the Counting Time/Sample and Number of Data Points. The mini-mum count time is 0.05 minutes (3 seconds). The maximum count time is the Counting Time/Sample divided by the Number of Data Points. The Number of Data Points X the Count Time per Data Point cannot exceed Sample Counting Time.
Data Calculation Single Photon Monitoring starts the elapsed time before the sample count is initiated. A typical printout in standard format for Single Photon is shown in Figure 5.19. Figure 5.19 Typical Printout for Single Photon.
Data Calculation Single Photon Monitoring 5-24 LS 6000 Scintillation System User’s Manual PN 247971-F
Isotope/DPM Libraries The Isotope Library 6Isotope/DPM Libraries 6.1 The Isotope Library Introduction The Isotope Library stores the half-life and window settings for the isotopes you wish to count. These settings are accessed when the isotope(s) is specified during set up of a User Program. The Isotope Library is divided into two parts. One section stores the settings for liquid scintillators; the other section stores the settings for Xtalscint scintillators.
Isotope/DPM Libraries The Isotope Library Accessing the Isotope Library To use the Isotope Library: 1. From the Main Menu, highlight ‘Isotope/DPM Libraries” and press SELECT. The Main Editing Window presents two prompts: Setup and Review Isotopes and Setup and Review DPM Quench Curves. Figure 6.1 New Isotope Setup Menu. 2. With “Setup and Review Isotopes” highlighted, press SELECT. The New Isotope Menu is displayed. See Figure 6.1.
Isotope/DPM Libraries The Isotope Library 2. Highlight “Print Isotope Library” and press SELECT. The list of isotopes presently stored in the Isotope Library for the specified scintillator type is printed. Figure 6.2 shows a typical printout. Figure 6.2 Printout of Isotope Library.
Isotope/DPM Libraries The Isotope Library Adding A New Isotope to the Isotope Library Isotopes may be added to the New Isotope Library using an automatic window setup program or by manually entering the window settings. During Multi-Task, Isotopes may only be added manually. Isotopes are stored by type of sclntlllator. Automatic Window Setup calculates an upper limit that covers 99% of the entire energy spectrum of the isotope, based on a sample of the isotope you have prepared.
Isotope/DPM Libraries The Isotope Library 1. With the New Isotope Setup Menu displayed and “Scintillator” highlighted, choose Liquid or Xtal to specify the portion of the Isotope Library you wish to store the window settings. 2. Highlight “Select Another Isotope” and press SELECT. The menu shown in Figure 6.3 is displayed. 3. With “Isotope Name” highlighted, enter the isotope name you wish to add.
Isotope/DPM Libraries The Isotope Library NOTE The windows determined by Automatic Setup are based on 1% spill values; not Emax values. When the energy scale is set to KeV, the window settings are lower than the published Emax values for the isotopes. Refer to Figure 6.2 for the predetermined window settings for the five isotopes permanently stored in the library. Figure 6.4 Loading Instructions for New Isotope Setup.
Isotope/DPM Libraries The Isotope Library 10. With both racks in position in the sample changer, press START. The instrument performs a calibration and counts each sample for 5 minutes. Figure 6.5 Printout for Setup of New Isotope. 11. On completion of the count, the instrument stores data for the new isotope(s) in the library, including type of scintillator, the name, half-life, and window settings. The data being stored for each isotope is printed. A typical printout is shown in Figure 6.5.
Isotope/DPM Libraries Setting Up A Quench Curve 6.2 Setting Up A Quench Curve The DPM Library The DPM Library can store the quench curves for any isotope stored in the Isotope Library under liquid scintillator. The stored quench curves are available for use by any User Program. If Low Level is present on the instrument, a separate DPM Library is created for Low Level Standards. Up to 30 sets of quench curves can be stored between these two libraries.
Isotope/DPM Libraries Setting Up A Quench Curve standard set, refer to Counting the Standards Section 6, “Counting the Standards”. If you wish to prepare your own standards, follow the steps below. NOTE Pipette accurately to ensure an accurate quench curve. To prepare the standards: 1. Pipette the same amount of cocktail into each of 12 vials, using the same type of cocktail used to count your samples. Either standard vials or miniature vials can be used. H# Plus is independent of cocktail volume.
Isotope/DPM Libraries Setting Up A Quench Curve 6-10 5. If setting up quench curves for applications other than low level studies, highlight “Normal Quench Curves”. The quench curves are stored in the Standard DPM Library. If setting up standards for low level studies, highlight “Low Level Quench Curves”. The quench curves are stored in the Low Level DPM Library. Press [SELECT]. The Main Editing Window displays two prompts again: Setup Quench Curves and Review/Edit/Delete Quench Curves. 6.
Isotope/DPM Libraries Setting Up A Quench Curve 8. Load the samples to count into the rear most position on the right side of the sample changer. When ready to begin counting, press START. Figure 6.7 Printout of Standards From Precision Check. 9. Each standard is counted for 1 minute. After counting the standards, the cpm of the standards are printed. After all samples are counted, they are analyzed to determine which samples fall within a statistically acceptable range.
Isotope/DPM Libraries Setting Up A Quench Curve from the set and properly dispose of them. A valid quench curve can be obtained using as few as five standards. Ten is the maximum number of standards allowed. 10. Add quenching agent to each standard in increasing amounts, making sure the quench range of the standards covers the full quench range expected in the experimental samples. The same quenching agent present in the experiment or any quenching agent may be used.
Isotope/DPM Libraries Setting Up A Quench Curve 1. From the Main Menu, highlight “Isotope/DPM Libraries” and press SELECT. The Main Editing Window displays two prompts: Setup and Review Isotopes and Setup and Review DPM Quench Curves. Figure 6.9 Menu To Select Type of Curve. 2. Highlight ‘Set Up and Review DPM Quench Curves” and press SELECT. The Main Editing Window displays two prompts: Normal Quench Curves and Low Level Quench Curves. 3.
Isotope/DPM Libraries Setting Up A Quench Curve If you do not wish to count a background quench curve, choose No. Figure 6.10 Menu to Setup Quench Curves. 7. Select the type of quench curve you wish to set up. Highlight “Setup Single Label DPM”, “Setup Dual Label DPM”, or “Setup Triple Label DPM” and press SELECT. The Main Editing Window displays prompts to select the isotope(s). 8. The isotopes stored in the Isotope Library are displayed in the Data Entry Window. Choose the desired isotope.
Isotope/DPM Libraries Setting Up A Quench Curve NOTE A message is displayed if a quench curve already exists for the selected isotopes. Choose No if you wish to retain the stored quench curve. Choose Yes to overwrite the stored quench curve. Figure 6.11 Menu to Count Standards. 10. With ‘Standard Curve ID “highlighted, enter an identification name using up to 18 characters in any combination of numbers, letters and symbols.
Isotope/DPM Libraries Setting Up A Quench Curve entered for each isotope. If the dpm in the standards has already been half-life corrected, enter today’s date. Figure 6.12 Loading Sequence To Count Standards. 14. Press the Down Cursor Arrow Key to display the menu shown in Figure 6.11. If you want to set up more than one quench curve, highlight “Select Another Quench Curve” and press SELECT. Repeat steps 7—14 for each quench curve.
Isotope/DPM Libraries Setting Up A Quench Curve in one rack and contain at least five and no more than 10 quenched standards of the particular isotope. The vials in a set need not be in order of quench. Figure 6.13 Typical Printout of Correlation Table. 17. When the racks are loaded into the sample changer, press START. The samples are counted to 0.5% 2 sigma or for 20 minutes each.
Isotope/DPM Libraries Setting Up A Quench Curve 18. The standard data and a quench correlation table (the data of the quench curves in tabular form) is printed. Figure 6.13 shows an example of a correlation table for a single label ~ quench curve. The quench curve(s) are stored in the DPM Library and can be selected for use in any User Program. Editing Quench Curves Any quench curve stored in the DPM Library can be reviewed and erroneous data points can be deleted or new points added.
Isotope/DPM Libraries Setting Up A Quench Curve 4. Highlight “Review/Edit/Delete Quench Curves” and press SELECT. The menu shown in Figure 6.14 is displayed. Figure 6.14 Menu To Edit Quench Curve 5. If you wish to print a summary of the quench curves stored, highlight “Print Quench Curve Library” and press SELECT. The library summary Is printed. A typical printout of the DPM Library is shown in Figure 6.15.
Isotope/DPM Libraries Setting Up A Quench Curve 6. To select the quench curve to edit, highlight “Select Quench Curve”, and choose from the list of quench curves available. Figure 6.
Isotope/DPM Libraries Setting Up A Quench Curve Figure 6.16 Menu To Add/Delete Points From Quench Curve. 7. Highlight “Add or Delete Quench/Efficiency Pairs” and press SELECT. The Main Editing Window displays the menu shown in Figure 6.16. 8. To add points to the quench curve, type in the H# or IC# value and the Efficiency for each point you wish to add. Press ENTER after each value is typed in. Use the Cursor Arrow keys to move to the next entry.
Isotope/DPM Libraries Setting Up A Quench Curve appropriate prompts and enter the values. To display the previous menu, highlight the first prompt and press the Up Cursor Arrow key. Figure 6.17 Menu to Edit Background Quench Curve 12. Once all points are added or deleted and the background quench curve Is edited, press START to print the new correlation table. Figure 6.13 shows a typical correlation table for a SL 3H quench curve. 13. Press PREVIOUSMENU] to store the edited quench curve.
Isotope/DPM Libraries Setting Up A Quench Curve 1. From the Main Menu, highlight “Isotope/DPM Libraries” and press SELECT. The Main Editing Window displays two prompts: Setup and Review Isotopes and Setup and Review DPM Quench Curves. 2. Highlight “Set Up and Review DPM Quench Curves” and press SELECT. The Main Editing Window displays two prompts: Normal Quench Curves and Low Level Quench Curves. 3. Highlight “Normal Quench Curves” if the quench curve to delete is stored in the Standard DPM Library.
Isotope/DPM Libraries Setting Up A Quench Curve 6-24 4. A prompt at the bottom of the menu allows you to specify whether the data was generated using standards that are colored. If the standards were colored, highlight the prompt and choose Yes. 5. A background quench curve may also be entered. Highlight “Color Quench Stds” and press the Down Cursor Arrow key. The background quench curve shown in Figure 6.17 is displayed. 6. Type in the values, pressing ENTER after each value is typed in.
How Sample Preparation Affects Results Chemiluminescence 7How Sample Preparation Affects Results This chapter discusses several factors that can interfere with accurate results: chemiluminescence, statics, two-phase separation, and counting solid samples such as filters. 7.
How Sample Preparation Affects Results Chemiluminescence 5. Plant extracts containing chlorophyll. Interpretation of Results Lum-Ex values provide an indication of what percent of the total CPM’s are due to non-radioactive events. The significance of this Lum-Ex% depends on a number of factors that you must evaluate. For example: How accurate must your answer be? Is the Lum-Ex% the same in all the samples? Are small CPM differences between samples critical? Figure 7.
How Sample Preparation Affects Results Recognizing And Avoiding Statics If you are unable to eliminate the source of single photon events, Lum-Ex Correction (if installed) can subtract all contributions from single events from each isotope window. 7.2 Recognizing And Avoiding Statics Statics are a common source of erratic high counts, resulting from a static charge on the surface of the sample vial discharging in the counting chamber.
How Sample Preparation Affects Results Counting Filters And Precipitates This phase problem can often be eliminated by using less sample, more cocktail, or switching to a cocktail with better sample holding characteristics. Sometimes diluting the sample with water or neutralizing the pH will work. If you are not sure whether your sample is separating into two phases, a simple test can be done. Prepare a glass vial of the cocktail and sample you use for the experiment.
How Sample Preparation Affects Results Distinguishing Sample And Instrument Variability Procedures First, calibrate the instrument as outlined in Section 2.7. If a note is printed out that calibration is not successful, be sure an unquenched 14C standard was used for the calibration. If upon a repeat attempt the calibration is still unsuccessful call an Authorized Beckman Service Representative. If the calibration is successful, proceed.
How Sample Preparation Affects Results Distinguishing Sample And Instrument Variability 3H 1. The standards and your samples both meet the above criteria. This means the instrument is working. There is still the possibility of an intermittent problem that did not arise over this test period. Further long term study is required. 2. The standards check out but your samples vary: This means the instrument is working and your sample preparation procedures must be reviewed. 3.
How Sample Preparation Affects Results Other Factors That May Affect Accurate Results Background The background in the Wide window should be less than 60 CPM. The background in an LS counter is influenced by the noise within the system (phototubes, electronics), naturally occurring radioactivity, and cosmic rays. The background also varies with the size and type of vial (plastic has lower back-ground than glass), and the altitude (about a 7% increase in background for each 1000 feet above sea level). 7.
How Sample Preparation Affects Results Other Factors That May Affect Accurate Results 7-8 LS 6000 Scintillation System User’s Manual PN 247971-F
Instrument Specifications Efficiency aInstrument Specifications a.1 Efficiency 3H: ≥ 60% in a wide window 14C: ≥ 95% in a wide window These specifications are applicable only for Beckman calibrated standards traceable to the National Bureau of Standards. The LS counter must be properly calibrated. a.2 H# Plus Reproducibility ± 1% Counting Efficiency H# Plus reproducibility is measured relative to a 3H quench curve set up with a wide open window. a.
Instrument Specifications Power Requirements a.5 Power Requirements Electrical Requirements: (50/60 Hz) 120V 240V BTU/HR Instrument 3A 1.5A 1230 Temperature 7.5A 3.8A 3060 Control Accy Inrush Current: 5A at 120V 2.5A at 240V Power Failure Recovery a.6 With a fully charged battery, the system returns to a disrupted Automatic Count for several weeks. Dimensions Width cm(in.) Height cm(in.) Depth cm(in.) Weight kg(lbs.) Instrument: 91.5(36) 66(26) 80(31.
Instrument Specifications Temperature Control Accessory Set Point 2: 15oC +3oC Set Point 3: 18oC +3oC Set Point must be within 10oC of the operating ambient temperature.
Instrument Specifications Temperature Control Accessory a-4 LS 6000 Scintillation System User’s Manual PN 247971-F
Installation Requirements Electrical Requirements bInstallation Requirements This appendix describes the electrical power, space and environmental conditions required for installation of a Beckman Liquid Scintillation instrument. Proper preparation of the installation site will minimize installation time and allow optimum performance from your Beckman LS System.
Installation Requirements Electrical Requirements Power lines within the laboratory should provide at minimum, three-wire single phase power with one wire neutral/ground. Provision of three-phase service to the laboratory is desirable, since electrical service may be required for larger instruments.
Installation Requirements Space Requirements lines that are separate from those used to supply power to instruments requiring a constant power supply. b.2 Space Requirements Dimensions: Width cm(in.) Height cm(in.) Depth cm(in.) Weight kg(lbs.) Instrument: 91.5(36) 66(26) 80(31.5) 210(460) Monitor: 33(13) 34.3(13.5) 35.6(12) 8.2(18) Printer: 39(15.5) 10(4) 30.5(12) 5(11) Temperature Control Accy 35.5(14) 56(22) 73.7(29) 45.4(100) A minimum bench or table space of 132 cm (52 in.
Installation Requirements Environment Requirements b-4 LS 6000 Scintillation System User’s Manual PN 247971-F
RS232 Specifications cRS232 c.1 Specifications Standard ASCII format, upper case only, is used throughout. The LS is configured at the factory to transmit at a baud rate of 1200. The Word Format is defined as: 1 start bit; 8 data bits (with no parity bit); 1 stop bit.
RS232 RS232 Data Output Figure c.1 RS232 Pin Designation. Pin Number Signal Name Direction 8* DCD Signal Ground 20 DTR Output *These lines are held high by the instrument. Input (Handshake) When XOFF is received, data transmission stops until an XON is received. Data transmission starts automatically after 30 minutes have elapsed unless XON is sent prior to that time. If the printer is not ON after the 30 minute time out, the LS counter itself stops.
RS232 RS232 Data Output is one printable ASCII character (Hex 20 through 7E or the decimal equivalents 32-126). The message length includes all characters in the message except , , and . The maximum number of characters on one line is 96, or 94 after . Message Length is obtained by subtracting 20 Hex from the character.
RS232 RS232 Data Output Header message includes a data item giving the type of file. There are 4 possible file types which are listed in Figure c.5 at the end of this section. Figure c.3 Data Type Description and Codes. Data Type Type of Data Description B Boolean 3 ASCII Characters YES(True), NO(Space), FALSE H Hex 1 or more Hex Digits: 0-9, A-F I Integer 1 or more decimal digits (0-9), with an optional preceding minus sign. May not include spaces.
RS232 RS232 Input Mode c.4 RS232 Input Mode The Input Mode of the LS functions as a remote keyboard. All operations on the keyboard of the LS itself can be initiated by a remote device with the exceptions of the HELP and INTER-RUPT functions. Each command from the remote keyboard is a two letter code. Figure c.4 lists the two character codes for the INPUT mode. Each letter is acknowledged with ACK and NAK, indicating that the command received is being interpreted.
RS232 RS232 Input Mode Figure c.4 Codes for the Input Commands. Codes for Input Commands Command Key/Function Simulated Approximate Time For Completion of The Command 5 sec, Screen Selection BS Back Space 1 sec DL Delete 2 sec PR Print 5 sec LF Line Feed 1 sec Sample Movement SR Sample Right 11 sec, Belts and sample SL Sample Left 1 sec, Sample only CU Cursor up 1 sec CD Cursor down 1 sec CR Cursor Right 1 sec CL Cursor Left 1 sec Printer Cursor Movement Figure c.
RS232 RS232 Input Mode Figure c.5 Datum Ids.
RS232 RS232 Input Mode Figure c.5 Datum Ids.
RS232 RS232 Input Mode Figure c.5 Datum Ids. 218 Units Isotope 2 Text (5 Char) 219 Units Isotope 3 Text (5 Char) ID Data Value Meaning Data Value Type 220 Two Phase Flag (‘ ‘Or ‘2P') Text (2 Chars) 221 Static Correction% Real 222 Lum-Ex Correction % Real 223 Cycle Number Integer CPM Results Data Id Values: 300 - 399 These ID's are used whenever CPM values are generated, regardless of the Data Calculation Program.
RS232 RS232 Input Mode Figure c.5 Datum Ids. 314 Replicate Average CPM Coeff. of Real Variation, Percent, Isotope 1 315 Replicate Average CPM Coeff. of Real Variation, Percent, Isotope 2 316 Replicate Average CPM Coeff.
RS232 RS232 Input Mode Figure c.5 Datum Ids. Isotope 3 412 Average Reference Value, Isotope 1 Real Coeff, of Variation 413 Average Reference Value, Isotope 2 Real Coeff, of Variation 414 Average Reference Value, Isotope 3 Real Coeff. of Variation DPM Data Data Id Values: 500 - 599 These EIYS are used whenever DPM values are generated, regardless of the Data Calculation Program.
RS232 RS232 Input Mode Figure c.5 Datum Ids. 513 DPM Ratio, Isotope 1 Over Isotope 2 Real 514 DPM Ratio, Isotope 3 Over Isotope 1 Real 515 DPM Ratio, Isotope 3 Over Isotope 2 Real 516 Repeat Average DPM, Isotope 1 Real 517 Repeat Average DPM, Isotope 2 Real 518 Repeat Average DPM, Isotope 3 Real 519 Replicate Average DPM, Isotope 1 Real 520 Replicate Average DPM, Isotope 2 Real 521 Replicate Average DPM, Isotope 3 Real 522 Repeat Average DPM Coeff.
RS232 RS232 Input Mode Figure c.5 Datum Ids. 537 Xtal DPM Standard Average Efficiency Real (%) MCA Spectrum Data Data Id Values: 700 - 799 ID Data Value Meaning Data Value Type 700 Spectrum Start Channel Real 701 Spectrum Stop Channel Real 702 Spectrum Sum (Start To Stop) Real 703 Spectrum Type Integer (1 = Log Counts, 2 = Log CPM, 3 = Linear Counts, 4 = Linear CPM, 7 = High-Res Counts, 8 = High-Res CPM) 704 Channel Count Values Integer One-Five Values Per Data ID.
RS232 RS232 Input Mode Figure c.5 Datum Ids. 905 Current System Status 906 User Files (Data 0, .30, or 99 for all) 907 Calibration Integer Data Values: 1: History (Upload Will Set Gain) 2 + Name: Isotope 3 + Name: Efficiency 908 System History 909 Entire EEROM Sample Start/Stop Data Items Data ID Values: 910-919 These data Items are used to Indicate the beginning and end of each sample and each sample repeat when sample count data Is transmitted.
RS232 RS232 Input Mode Figure c.5 Datum Ids. stopped, but counting will continue for the remaining samples in this set. 998 Process Fatal Message Integer The current function must be stopped. In Automatic Counting, the current user is aborted, but the count will continue with the next user, if any. 999 Instrument Fatal Message Integer A hardware failure prevents further instrument operation. This Includes power failures when the current function cannot be resumed. Figure c.
RS232 RS232 Input Mode Figure c.6 Datum ID’s for Alpha-Beta Discrimination.
Isotope Settings and Half-Life dIsotope Settings and Half-Life Isotope Setting and Half-Life Figure d.1 Isotope Settings and Half-Life. Isotope Channel Half-life 3H 400 12.35 years 14C 670 5730 years 22Na 1000 2.602 years 24Na 1000 15.03 hours 32P 1000 14.28 days 33P 750 25.3 days 35S 700 87.39 days 36Cl 860 3.002 x 10 years 45Ca 750 165.2 days 51Cr 800 27.7 days 54Mn 850 312.2 days 55Fe 350 2.685 years 57Co 750 271.65 days 59Fe 900 44.
Isotope Settings and Half-Life Figure d.1 Isotope Settings and Half-Life. Isotope Channel Half-life 113Sn-113mIn 800 115.1 days-Sn; 99.48 minutes-In 125I 550 60.25 days 131I 900 8.04 days 133Ba 850 10.66 years 137Cs 850 30.174 years 141Ce 820 32.55 days 153Gd 700 241.6 days 195Au 700 182.9 days 207Bi 920 38.3 years 210Pb-210Bi-210Po 750 22.26 years-Pb: 5.0 13 days-Bi 138.38 days-Po 222Rn 950 3.824 days 226Ra 950 1599 years 233U 820 1.
Isotope Settings and Half-Life Figure d.2 Universal Half-Life Correction Table.
Isotope Settings and Half-Life Figure d.2 Universal Half-Life Correction Table.
Isotope Settings and Half-Life Figure d.3 Conversion Factors. 1 becquerel (Bq) therefore, = 1 nuclear transformation/second (DPS) 1 curie (Cl) = 2.22 x 1012 DPM = 3.7 x 1010 DPS = 37 glgabecquerels (GBq) 1 millicurle (mCi) = 2.22 x 109 DPM = 3.7 x 107 DPS = 37 kilobecquerels (kBq) 1 microcurie (µCl) = 2.22 x106 DPM = 3.7x 104 DPS = 37 kilobecquerels (kBq) 1 glgabecquerel (GBq) = 27.027 millicuries (mCI) 1 megabecquerel (MGq) = 27.027 microcuries (µCi) 1 kilobecquerel (kGq) = 27.
Isotope Settings and Half-Life Figure d.5 Iodine-125 Half-Life: 60.25 days Days Days 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 0 1.0000 0.9773 0.9550 0.9333 0.9121 0.8913 0.8711 0.8512 0.8319 0.8129 20 0.7945 0.7764 0.7587 0.7415 0.7246 0.7081 0.6920 0.6763 0.6609 0.6459 40 0.6312 0.6168 0.6028 0.5891 0.5757 0.5626 0.5498 0.5373 0.5250 0.5131 60 0.5014 0.4900 0.4789 0.4680 0.4573 0.4469 0.4368 0.4268 0.4171 0.4076 80 0.3984 0.3893 0.3805 0.3718 0.3633 0.3550 0.
Isotope Settings and Half-Life Figure d.6 Sulpher-35 Half-Life: 87.39 days Days 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 140 0.3293 0.3242 0.3190 0.3140 0.3091 0.3043 0.2994 0.2947 0.2901 0.2855 160 0.2810 0.2766 0.2722 0.2680 0.2637 0.2596 0.2555 0.2515 0.2475 0.2436 180 0.2398 0.2360 0.2323 0.2286 0.2250 0.2215 0.2180 0.2146 0.2112 0.2079 200 0.2046 0.2014 0.1982 0.1951 0.1920 0.1905 0.1890 0.1875 0.1860 0.1845 220 0.1831 0.1816 0.1802 0.1788 0.1774 0.1760 0.
Isotope Settings and Half-Life Figure d.8 Carbon-14 Half-Life: 5730 years Years Years d-8 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 0 1.0000 0.9988 0.9976 0.9964 0.9952 0.9940 0.9928 0.9916 0.9904 0.9892 100 0.9880 0.9868 0.9856 0.9844 0.9832 0.9820 0.9808 0.9797 0.9785 0.9773 200 0.9761 0.9749 0.9737 0.9726 0.9714 0.9702 0.9690 0.9679 0.9667 0.9655 300 0.9644 0.9632 0.9620 0.9609 0.9597 0.9586 0.9574 0.9562 0.9551 0.9539 400 0.9528 0.9516 0.9505 0.9493 0.
Radioactive Material Licensing eRadioactive Material Licensing The following excerpts from the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, 10CFR3 1.5 are applicable to Beckman Coulter, Inc., liquid scintillation counters distributed in Non-Agreement States of the United States. Substantially similar regulations are applicable in all other states as regulations of the particular Agreement State.
Radioactive Material Licensing (2) Shall assure that the device is tested for leakage of radioactive material and proper operation of the on-off mechanism and indicator, if any, at no longer than six-month intervals or at such other intervals as are specified in the label; however: (i) Devices containing only krypton need not be tested for leakage of radioactive material, and (ii) Devices containing only tritium or not more than 100 microcuries of other beta and/or gamma emitting material or 10 microcuries
Radioactive Material Licensing (‘1) Shall not export the device containing by-product material except in accordance with part 110 of this chapter; (8) Except as provided in paragraph (c)(9) of this section, shall transfer or dispose of the device containing by-product material only by transfer to per-sons holding a specific license pursuant to parts 30 and 32 of this chapter or from an Agreement State to receive the device and within 30 days after transfer of a device to a specific licensee shall furnish t
Radioactive Material Licensing Regional USNRC Office and Telephone Numbers e.1 Regional USNRC Office and Telephone Numbers Region I US Nuclear Regulatory Commission 475 Allendale Road King of Prussia, PA 19406-1415 Switchboard Telephone #: (610) 337-5000 Switchboard Hours: 7:30 a.m. to 4:15 p.m.
Radioactive Material Licensing State Telephone & Address Numbers e.2 State Telephone & Address Numbers Figure e.1 State Telephone & Address Numbers. State/Telephone Address Alabama Director Division of Radiation Control The Alabama Dept. of Public Health The RSA Tower, Suite 700 P0. Box 303017 Montgomery, AL 36130-3017 PH (334) 206-5391 Alaska Chief Radiological Health Program Department of Health & Social Services P0.
Radioactive Material Licensing State Telephone & Address Numbers Figure e.1 State Telephone & Address Numbers. State/Telephone Address Connecticut Director Monitoring & Radiation Division Dept.
Radioactive Material Licensing State Telephone & Address Numbers Figure e.1 State Telephone & Address Numbers. State/Telephone Address Idaho Radiation Physicist 900 N. Skyline, Suite C Idaho Falls, ID 83402 PH (208) 528-2621 Illinois Director Dept. of Nuclear Safety 1035 Outer Park Drive Springfield, IL 62704 PH (217) 785-9868 Indiana Director Indoor & Radiological Health Division State Dept. of Health 2 N.
Radioactive Material Licensing State Telephone & Address Numbers Figure e.1 State Telephone & Address Numbers. State/Telephone Address Maine Nuclear Engineering Specialist Radiation Control Program Division of Health Engineering 10 State House Station Augusta, ME 04333 PH (207) 287-5698 Maryland Manager Radiological Health Program Air & Radiation Management Administration Maryland Dept.
Radioactive Material Licensing State Telephone & Address Numbers Figure e.1 State Telephone & Address Numbers. State/Telephone Address Missouri Chief Bureau of Environmental Epidemiology Dept. of Health P0. Box 570 Jefferson City, MO 65109 PH (573) 751-6102 Montana Coordinator Radiological Health Program Licensure Bureau Dept. of Public Health & Human Services P0 Box 202951 Helena, MT 59620-295 1 PH (406) 444-5266 Nebraska Director Dept.
Radioactive Material Licensing State Telephone & Address Numbers Figure e.1 State Telephone & Address Numbers. State/Telephone Address New Mexico Chief Bureau of Hazardous & Radioactive Materials Water & Waste Management Division Dept. of Environment 2044 Galisteo Road P0. Box 26110 Santa Fe, NM 87502 PH (505) 827-1557 New York Principal Radiophysicist Radiological Health Unit Division of Safety and Health New York State Dept.
Radioactive Material Licensing State Telephone & Address Numbers Figure e.1 State Telephone & Address Numbers. State/Telephone Address Director Bureau of Environmental Radiation Protection New York State Dept. of Health Two University Place, Room 375 Albany, NY 12203 PH (518) 458-6461 Deputy Director Bureau of Radiological Health New York City Dept. of Health Two Lafayete Street, 11th Floor New York, NY 10007 PH (212) 676-1558 North Carolina Director Division of Radiation Protection Dept.
Radioactive Material Licensing State Telephone & Address Numbers Figure e.1 State Telephone & Address Numbers. State/Telephone Address Pennsylvania Director Bureau of Radiation Protection Dept. of Environmental Protection Rachel Carson State Office Building P0. Box 8469 Harrisburg, PA 17105-8469 Rhode Island Director Division of Occupational & Radiological Health Dept.
Radioactive Material Licensing State Telephone & Address Numbers Figure e.1 State Telephone & Address Numbers. State/Telephone Texas Address Director Industrial & Hazardous Waste Division Texas Natural Resource Conservation Commission P0. Box 13087 Austin, TX 78711-3087 PH (512) 239-6592 Chief Bureau of Radiation Control Texas Dept. of Health 1100 West 49th Street Austin, TX 78756-3 189 PH (512) 834-6679 Utah Director Division of Radiation Control Dept. of Environmental Quality 168 North 1950 West P0.
Radioactive Material Licensing State Telephone & Address Numbers Figure e.1 State Telephone & Address Numbers. State/Telephone Address West Virginia Chief Radiological Health Program 815 Quarrier Street Charleston, WV 25301 PH (304) 558-3526 Wisconsin Manager Bureau of Public Health Dept. of Health & Family Services P0. Box 309 Madison, WI 53701-0309 PH (608) 267-4792 Wyoming Administrator Solid & Hazardous Waste Division Dept.
