TS-MPPT-600V-48 Wind charging control Info

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TriStar MPPT (150V and 600V) Wind Charging Control Info

Morningstar’s TriStar MPPT controllers are designed for solar PV applications.

However, Morningstar MPPT controllers are also compatible with other DC

power sources such as higher voltage batteries, power supplies or wind and

hydro turbines. Please review all operating parameters of the TriStar MPPT

controllers to determine compatibility with any type of DC power source.

New Firmware updates may be available for the TriStar MPPT controllers. It is recommended that the latest version

of the Firmware is used to ensure the best performance of the TriStar MPPT controllers. Please see the Product

Support Page/ Software Tab to check for the latest updates of the Firmware and MSView

software for the

controller you are using.

TriStar MPPT 600V: http://support.morningstarcorp.com/search/?document_section=Software&search_product=92

Important: If there are system faults and alarms with the TriStar MPPT 600V controller please bring them to our

attention at support@morningstarcorp.com .

TriStar MPPT (150V): http://support.morningstarcorp.com/search/?document_section=Software&search_product=96

Small wind and hydro turbines will typically generate power using a 3-Phase AC alternator. The AC power is then

rectified to DC power.

⇒ ⇒ ⇒

Figure 1: DC Power Generation from Turbine

The voltage and current will change with changing conditions. A small wind system can be highly variable with rapid

voltage and power changes in response to wind gusts. The rectified DC power is often referred to as “wild DC” power.

The TriStar MPPT controller will track the wild DC power and voltage of the turbine.

The TriStar MPPT (150V and 600V) setup includes a Voltage vs. Power curve to be entered for the turbine being used.

The combination of voltage and power levels will form a piecewise linear curve. The TriStar MPPT controller

continually adjusts the wild DC power input so it operates according to the voltage vs. power curve. As the power

from the turbine increases the voltage increases to optimize the performance from the turbine.

Programing a voltage vs. power curve involves knowing the operational voltages of the turbine. This includes the cut-

in voltage (or the voltage level which the turbine has enough rotational speed to start generating electric power). In

addition, it includes the maximum power ramp up voltages, maximum voltage/power range and maximum open

circuit voltages of the turbine. Voltage and power characteristics and requirements will be discussed further in the

turbine and system requirements section of this paper.

3-Phase

Rectifier

3-Phase

AC Alternator

Please note: TriStar-MPPT-600V

sales for wind are authorized for

test purposes only unless

authorized by Morningstar.

Summary of content (11 pages)

PAGE 1
TriStar MPPT (150V and 600V) Wind Charging Control Info Morningstar’s TriStar MPPT controllers are designed for solar PV applications. However, Morningstar MPPT controllers are also compatible with other DC power sources such as higher voltage batteries, power supplies or wind and hydro turbines. Please review all operating parameters of the TriStar MPPT controllers to determine compatibility with any type of DC power source.
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TS-MPPT High Speed Tracking: One of the most important requirements of an MPPT controller for small wind is fast response time. Giving the turbine the optimal voltage and power at all times with no delays is critical for smooth performance to prevent electronic braking or over speed fluctuations of the turbine. The TriStar MPPT controller is known for its fast response time, capable of sweeping from open circuit voltage to battery voltage in a fraction of a second.
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It is critical that the input voltage of the TriStar MPPT controllers never exceeds the rated max. input voltage of the controller (150V or 600V). The TriStar MPPT controllers’ transistors can get damaged if exposed to voltages in excess of the rated input voltage, even if the transient is only microseconds in duration. The simplest solution is to use a turbine with a maximum open circuit voltage which cannot exceed the maximum input voltage rating of the TriStar MPPT controller (150V or 600V).
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Applying diversion loads on the input or applying mechanical braking during voltage regulation instead of using the TriStar diversion at the battery is possible. However, these other methods can be problematic since it is difficult to match the gradual reduction in power required to regulate battery voltage.
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Figure 4: TriStar-MPPT (150V) Input Voltage vs. Battery current Derating What are the maximum operating power levels for the TriStar MPPT controllers? The max. output charging power of the controllers is proportional to the battery voltage based on the maximum rated output current. Max. Charging Power (max. Wb) = Rated Output Current (max. Ib) X Battery Voltage (Vb) Therefore, the lowest max.
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including the size and health (age) of the batteries, larger loads which could reduce the voltage during charging or loads which have lower LVD settings. These factors should be taken into account to determine the minimum battery voltage and minimum operating input power for the system. Turbine Requirements of the TriStar MPPT controllers Ideally, the wind or hydro turbine will be able to operate within the operating limits for input Voltage and Power as shown in the proceeding section.
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down during full power, high voltage operation. As indicated in the first section of this paper, the turbine’s maximum Voc during unloaded operation (highest wind speeds) can never exceed the max. voltage rating of (150V or 600V) while it is connected to the TriStar MPPT controller, even if the transient is only microseconds in duration. The TriStar MPPT controllers can shut down under many scenarios. The most susceptible time for a fault can be during the highest power and voltage levels.
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a. Enter non-zero, positive values for input Voltage and Power with increasing power as voltage increases. It cannot be programmed to reduce the power at higher voltage levels. b. Not all 16 Voltage Power setpoints need to be used with V=0.00; P=0.0 for any unused pairs. c. The controller can operate above the highest voltage setting. It will continue to operate at the max. power setting up until the derated power at high voltage range or max. voltage shutoff.
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Morningstar does not currently have a list of turbines or manufacturers that have been verified to operate within the maximum voltage or power range of TriStar MPPT controllers. Example System Programming with Logged Data: Turbine: 1800 Watts max. power; 48V nominal Voltage Rectifier includes a 120V dump load switch. Programmed Voltage vs.
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Figure 7: Graph of Voltage vs Power Piecewise Linear Curve Plotting the Vin vs. Output Power from the system during operation results in Figure 8 shows a close correlation to the programmed Voltage vs. Power Curve.
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Appendix: TriStar MPPT 600V Input Power Calibration info for Wind For more accurate tracking use (.65 +/-.1) X (desired Power) for the Voltage vs. Power Curve. Example: to operate with (150V, 1000W) use (150V, 650W) Adjustment of input current limit to offset accuracy. Program below the Red Line to operate below the input current limit.