Installation manual

© 2014 EcoInnovation Ltd (NZ) Page 3
4.6. PowerSpout site data requirements ............................................................................. 29
4.7. The Penstock ............................................................................................................... 30
4.7.1. Pipe sizes ....................................................................................................................... 31
4.7.2. Pipe material ................................................................................................................. 31
4.7.3. MDPE and HDPE pipes .................................................................................................. 31
4.7.4. PVC pipes....................................................................................................................... 32
4.7.5. Pipe myths ..................................................................................................................... 32
4.7.6. Laying and securing pipes ............................................................................................. 33
4.7.7. Penstock valves ............................................................................................................. 33
4.7.8. Pipe thrust blocks .......................................................................................................... 34
4.8. Intake design and placement ....................................................................................... 34
4.8.1. Water usage with minimum impact on the environment ............................................ 36
4.9. Turbine "manifold" connecting options PLT and TRG .................................................... 37
4.9.1. Connecting your pipe to the PowerSpout..................................................................... 37
4.9.2. Recommended manifold pipe sizes .............................................................................. 37
4.9.3. Quick connections ......................................................................................................... 37
4.9.4. The connections made to the penstock ........................................................................ 38
4.9.5. Bolt over saddles ........................................................................................................... 38
4.9.6. Pipe fittings - Y’s ............................................................................................................ 39
4.9.7. PVC 4 jet manifold – for PVC pipes and the TRG turbine .............................................. 40
4.9.8. PVC manifolds for our PLT turbines .............................................................................. 40
4.9.9. Pipe fittings - T’s and 90 degree elbows ....................................................................... 40
4.9.10. Mock up your manifold off-site first ............................................................................. 41
4.9.11. Other manifold options ................................................................................................. 41
4.9.12. Measuring pressure in your pipe and manifold ............................................................ 41
4.9.13. Pipe supports ................................................................................................................ 42
5. Electrical System Components ................................................................................. 43
5.1. "Smart Drive" Permanent Magnet Alternator (PMA) .................................................... 43
5.1.1. Rectifier ......................................................................................................................... 43
5.2. Unloaded rpm and Open Circuit Voltage (Voc) revisited (see also 3.5) .......................... 44
5.3. PowerSpout standard voltage options ......................................................................... 44
5.3.1. PowerSpout PLT and TRG turbines............................................................................... 44
5.3.2. PowerSpout LH turbines ............................................................................................... 44
5.3.3. Klampit "crowbar" protection circuits (optional) ......................................................... 45
5.3.4. PowerSpout PLT versions .............................................................................................. 45
5.3.5. PowerSpout TRG versions ............................................................................................. 46
5.3.6. PowerSpout LH .............................................................................................................. 46
5.3.7. Special PowerSpout options ......................................................................................... 46
5.4. Cable sizing ................................................................................................................. 46
5.5. Charge controller choice .............................................................................................. 47
5.5.1. Diversion load controllers ............................................................................................. 47
5.5.2. MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) controllers .................................................... 48
5.6. Diversion (PWM) load battery-charge controllers in detail ........................................... 48
5.6.1. Multiple energy sources and diversion load controllers............................................... 49
5.6.2. Backup diversion load controller .................................................................................. 49
5.7. Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controllers in detail ........................................ 50
5.7.1. Maximising power ......................................................................................................... 50
5.7.2. Higher cables voltages .................................................................................................. 50
5.7.3. Compatibility issues ...................................................................................................... 50
5.7.4. MPPT battery-charge controllers on the market .......................................................... 51
5.7.5. Battery voltage options for MPPT controllers .............................................................. 53