Technical information
19
envelope follower CV is applied to the VCO frequency. Note that the 
envelope follower CV is ADDED to the setting of the Freq control. 
The VCO frequency can be swept by the envelope follower CV over 8 
octaves, more than the Freq control on the front panel. Be aware that the 
setting of the Env. Amount control depends a great deal on the setting 
of the Drive control, as it is the drive signal that is used to extract the 
dynamic information. The optimum setting of the drive control is such 
that average levels cause the Level LED to light mostly Yellow-Orange, 
and peak levels might cause a little red. If the Drive control is cranked 
for distortion, then the performance of the envelope follower is reduced 
in responsiveness as the drive signal is compressed somewhat from the 
clipping of the signal. 
FM Amount: The FM Amount control is used for setting the amount 
of the drive signal that frequency modulates the VCO. When the 
FM amount is all the way counterclockwise, none of the drive signal 
modulates the VCO. As the control is turned clockwise, the amount of 
FM increases. Note that because the depth of FM is also related to the 
strength of the drive signal, that the Drive control and the dynamics of 
the input signal affect the depth of the FM. For a stronger maximum 
FM effect, increase the Drive amount. The type of input signal has a 
signicant impact on the output when using FM. The simpler the input 
signal’s waveform, the more predictable the results will be. A more 
complex input creates more sidebands and thus a more chaotic sound. 
The waveform of the VCO also has a great deal to do with the results, 
as the brighter waveforms (saw, square, and pulse) create a lot of 
harmonics. 
Mix: The Mix control sets the balance of drive signal to VCO signal. 
When the Mix control is fully counterclockwise, the output is 100% the 
input signal. When the Mix control is in the center the output is 50% 
input signal and 50% VCO signal. When the Mix control is all the way 
clockwise, the output is 100% the VCO signal. 
The Back Panel 
Audio connections: The Audio In and Audio Out Jacks are standard " 
unbalanced connections. Connect your instrument or signal to the Audio 
In and connect the Audio Out to your amplier or mixer. 
CV/Expression Inputs: There are ve standard " inputs for control 










