Specifications

KNOW-HOW: Dialling Units, PIR Sensors
S 102
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Besides the classis siren and strobe light, an alarm system must nowa-
days often transfer a message to a telephone subscriber. For this pur-
pose, automatic dialling equipment is used.
This equipment is abbreviated dialling units. They store voice mes-
sages and in case of an alarm send these to one or several previously
stored telephone number(s). A subscriber must acknowledge this alarm
actively, by e.g. entering a numerical code and can thus interrupt the
alarm cycle. This is the standard application of such dialling units.
However, these units can also be used for much more universal appli-
cations. The dialling unit does not have to be controlled by an alarm
system. A contact would already be sufficient to activate the unit, in the
most basic case. Thus, it can be used for versatile applications.
In case a cooling or a circulation pump fails to operate correctly, the
unit can send a warning. The units which are to be monitored only
need an output for a fault indication.
It can be just as easy to indicate when a door is opened or the light-
ing is switched on.
The respective procedures do only have to be linked to the alarm input.
In case there is no telephone connection available, this can be re-
created with the telephone gateway IT-GSM. This combination can also
monitor remote events or buildings.
A 12V DC voltage operates the units. When a rech. battery is used
combined with a solar charger, not even a direct mains connection is
re- quired.
Universal Applications of Dialling Units
A classic IR motion detector, also called PIR sensor, reacts on moving
heat sources within the detection range, e.g. a human body.
Due to the applied lens, this range is separated both in horizontal
and vertical sections.
The picture shows a typical distribution of these sections. This can vary
depending on the type of detector.
If someone crosses from one section to the other, an alarm is triggered.
Thus, a PIR detector is most sensitive if the movement occurs horizon-
tally to the section. Detectors with pulse counters can be set, so that
one or more sections have to be crossed. This prevents false alarms
caused by, e.g. night-time charge storage heaters or strong sunlight
exposure.
Another method of application is the use of motion detectors in dual
technology. These consists of two separate sensors which do have one
common alarm output. The first one is the PIR sensor which is des-
cribed above.
The second one applied is a microwave sensor. A moving object
which changes the microwave field will activate the unit. People who
wear a thermal suit to prevent heat dissipation can also be detected.
These methods can be combined. An alarm can be activated if either
one sensor reacts or both.
Thus, a high reliability is achieved.
Motion Detectors (PIR Sensors)