Technical data

26
- drain the sediment from the coarse and fine fuel filters;
- check the fan belt for tension;
- check the external threaded connections.
If necessary, eliminate the deviations detected.
2.2.1.5. Peculiarities of Operation and Maintenance of the Diesel Engine in
Winter Conditions
At low ambient temperature the operation of the diesel engine becomes more difficult.
To ensure its undisturbed and reliable operation in winter period, which begins with lowering of
the ambient temperature down to plus 5С and lower, prepare the engine for the winter period of
operation in proper time. To do this, perform its routine maintenance procedures supplemented
with the operations of seasonal maintenance. Equip the engine with a heating cover (bonnet) and,
if necessary, with the PZhB-200G liquid-type pre-starting pre-heater and fill the cooling system
with the fluid not becoming frozen at low temperature (tosol, antifreeze).
In case of using water in the cooling system, pour only hot water (50-80C) at the ambi-
ent temperature of 0C and below. When transiting to the winter regime of operation use only
winter sorts of oil and fuel. Fill the engine crankcase with only motor oils according to the Chart
of Use of Combustive-Lubricating Materials (Appendix A).
Without pre-starting pre-heater, the diesel engine filled with the M-8G
2
motor oil is
started reliably by means of the electric starter at the temperatures down to minus 10C. Using the
M-4
з
/12G motor oil in the lubricating system ensures the reliable start of the diesel engine at the
temperatures down to minus 20C.
At the ambient temperature of lower than minus 20C the diesel engine shall be heated
by means of the PZhB-200G pre-heater before starting and, if the pre-heater is not available, the
cooling system shall be poured through with hot water and fill the engine crankcase with oil pre-
heated up to the temperature of 70…80C.
If the M-8G
2
winter motor oil is not available, it is allowed to use the M-10G
2
summer
oil with addition of 10…12% of diesel fuel. When doing this, the engine shall be only filled with
the mixture of oil with diesel fuel after the oil and fuel have been mixed thoroughly.
If the winter sorts of fuel are not available, it is allowed to add burning kerosene to the
summer diesel fuel in the following quantities:
- 10% at the temperature from 0 down to minus 10C;
- 20% at the temperature from minus 10 down to minus 20C;
- 30% at the temperature from minus 20 down to minus 25C;
- 40-50% at the temperature below minus 25C.
To facilitate the start of the diesel installed in the tractor at low temperature, proceed as
follows:
- disengage the pump of the tractor hydraulic system;
- when turning on the starter disengage the clutch and engage it smoothly after starting
the diesel engine.
The standard means for facilitating the engine start, for instance, electric torch pre-heater
of intake air or starting facility for injecting flammable liquid are used in all the cases of starting
the diesel engine at low temperature.
Do not heat the air to be sucked before the air cleaner using the naked flame and do not
start the diesel engine by towing the tractor (machine).
In cases of long-term stops drain water from the cooling system to avoid breakage of
the radiator or engine due to freezing of water. Make sure that water is drained off completely
and will not become frozen in the drain cocks of the radiator and cylinder block. For this purpose
clean the cocks by means of wire. To speed up the draining of water from the system open the ra-
diator filler neck plug. After draining the water keep the cocks open.