Operator`s manual

[7]
ABOUT CES
As far back as the first century, the Greeks and Romans used the electric eel,
a variety of the “Torpedo Fish” for electrical stimulation. The electric eel was
used well into the 19th century, even after the invention of electronic
stimulation devices. First century writings record placing a live torpedo fish
under the feet of a person suffering from gout to ease the pain. There are
also reports of placing these fish on people’s foreheads to treat headaches.
Current interest in CES was initiated by Robinovitch, who in 1914 made the
first claim for electrical treatment of insomnia. In 1958, the book Electro-
Sleep reflected the first serious works on CES. This book inspired research in
Europe and in Eastern Bloc countries, as well as in South America, Asia and
finally the US. Because the CES equipment used was bulky, inconvenient,
and unreliable, CES, like the electric eel, was abandoned in favour of drug
therapies.
With the invention of the transistor in the 1960s, small, low-power and
reliable CES devices were developed. By 1975 several companies in the US
and Europe were manufacturing CES devices for public use. During this
time, research on CES was quite active and scientific papers were published.
Most studies to date have shown CES as a reliable method to reduce anxiety
and improve cognition in recovering alcoholics. Additional studies have
shown CES to be an effective tool in reducing anxiety and improving IQ.
Research to date is quite vague on the effects of using CES at various
frequencies, citing both low and high frequencies can be effective for
improving learning and reducing anxiety. Many people who used CES along
with AVE, have reported that they experienced deeper relaxation for
prolonged periods of time. In addition to enhancing entrainment, CES
increases neurotransmitter production. These neurotransmitters are
necessary for information processing, memory, energy level and physical
well-being. When our neurotransmitters and endorphins are not produced
to necessary levels, it may lead to destructive behaviors and/or the abuse of
substances as a substitute for that “natural high”.