Specifications

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Fig. 0-23 Serial communication
should be strictly observed. It is a set of rules which must be applied in order that the devices can correctly interpret data they mutually
exchange. Fortunately, the microcontrollers automatically take care of this, so the work of the programmer/user is reduced to simple write (data
to be sent) and read (received data).
Baud Rate
The term Baud rate is commonly used to denote the number of bits transferred per second [bps].
It should be noted that it refers to bits, not bytes! It is usually required by the protocol that each byte is transferred along with several control
bits. It means that one byte in serial data stream may consist of 11 bits. For example, if the baud rate is 300 bps then maximum 37 and minimum
27 bytes may be transferred per second, which depends on type of connection and protocol in use.
The most commonly used serial communication systems are:
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