User manual

mikroC PRO for PIC32
MikroElektronika
253
Note that do is the only control structure in C which explicitly ends with semicolon (;). Other control structures end with
statement, which means that they implicitly include a semicolon or closing brace.
Here is an example of calculating scalar product of two vectors, using the do statement:
s = 0; i = 0;
do {
s += a[i] * b[i];
i++;
} while ( i < n );
For Statement
The for statement implements an iterative loop. The syntax of the for statement is:
for ([init-expression]; [condition-expression]; [increment-expression]) statement
Before the rst iteration of the loop, init-expression sets the starting variables for the loop. You cannot pass
declarations in init-expression.
condition-expression is checked before the rst entry into the block; statement is executed repeatedly until the
value of condition-expression is false. After each iteration of the loop, increment-expression increments a
loop counter. Consequently, i++ is functionally the same as ++i.
All expressions are optional. If condition-expression is left out, it is assumed to be always true. Thus, “empty”
for statement is commonly used to create an endless loop in C:
for ( ; ; ) statement
The only way to break out of this loop is by means of the break statement.
Here is an example of calculating scalar product of two vectors, using the for statement:
for ( s = 0, i = 0; i < n; i++ ) s += a[i] * b[i];
There is another way to do this:
for ( s = 0, i = 0; i < n; s += a[i] * b[i], i++ ); /* valid, but ugly */
but it is considered a bad programming style. Although legal, calculating the sum should not be a part of the incrementing
expression, because it is not in the service of loop routine. Note that null statement (;) is used for the loop body.