User manual
Table Of Contents
- CHAPTER 1
- CHAPTER 2
- mikroC PRO for PIC32
- Environment
- Main Menu Options
- File
- Edit
- View
- Project
- Build
- Run
- Tools
- Help
- mikroC PRO for PIC32 IDE
- Code Editor
- Code Explorer
- Project Manager
- Project Settings
- Library Manager
- Routine List
- Statistics
- Messages Window
- Quick Converter
- Macro Editor
- Image Preview
- Toolbars
- Customizing IDE Layout
- Options
- Integrated Tools
- Active Comments
- Export Project
- Jump To Interrupt
- Regular Expressions
- Keyboard Shortcuts
- CHAPTER 3
- CHAPTER 4
- CHAPTER 5
- CHAPTER 6
- CHAPTER 7
- CHAPTER 8
- mikroC PRO for PIC32 Language Reference
- Lexical Elements Overview
- Whitespace
- Comments
- Tokens
- Constants
- Integer Constants
- Floating Point Constants
- Character Constants
- String Constants
- Enumeration Constants
- Pointer Constants
- Constant Expressions
- Keywords
- Identifiers
- Punctuators
- Concepts
- Objects
- Scope and Visibility
- Name Spaces
- Duration
- Types
- Fundamental Types
- Arithmetic Types
- Enumerations
- Void Type
- Derived Types
- Arrays
- Pointers
- Pointer Arithmetic
- Structures
- Working with Structures
- Structure Member Access
- Unions
- Bit Fields
- Types Conversions
- Standard Conversions
- Explicit Types Conversions (Typecasting)
- Declarations
- Linkage
- Storage Classes
- Type Qualifiers
- Typedef Specifier
- asm Declaration
- Initialization
- Functions
- Function Calls and Argument Conversions
- Ellipsis (‘...’) Operator
- Operators
- Arithmetic Operators
- Relational Operators
- Bitwise Operators
- Logical Operators
- Conditional Operator ? :
- Assignment Operators
- Unary Operators
- Sizeof Operator
- Expressions
- Comma Expressions
- Statements
- Labeled Statements
- Expression Statements
- Selection Statements
- If Statement
- Switch Statement
- Iteration Statements (Loops)
- Do Statement
- For Statement
- Jump Statements
- Break and Continue Statements
- Goto Statement
- Return Statement
- Compound Statements (Blocks)
- Preprocessor
- Preprocessor Directives
- Macros
- File Inclusion
- Preprocessor Operators
- Conditional Compilation
- CHAPTER 9
- mikroC PRO for PIC32 Libraries
- Hardware Libraries
- Standard ANSI C Libraries
- Miscellaneous Libraries
- Hardware Libraries
- ADC Library
- CANSPI Library
- Library Dependency Tree
- External dependencies of CANSPI Library
- Library Routines
- CANSPISetOperationMode
- CANSPIGetOperationMode
- CANSPIInitialize
- CANSPISetBaudRate
- CANSPISetMask
- CANSPISetFilter
- CANSPIRead
- CANSPIWrite
- CANSPI Constants
- CANSPI_OP_MODE Constants
- CANSPI_CONFIG_FLAGS Constants
- CANSPI_TX_MSG_FLAGS Constants
- CANSPI_RX_MSG_FLAGS Constants
- CANSPI_MASK Constants
- CANSPI_FILTER Constants
- Library Example
- HW Connection
- Compact Flash Library
- Library Dependency Tree
- External dependencies of Compact Flash Library
- Library Routines
- Cf_Init
- Cf_Detect
- Cf_Enable
- Cf_Disable
- Cf_Read_Init
- Cf_Read_Byte
- Cf_Write_Init
- Cf_Write_Byte
- Cf_Read_Sector
- Cf_Write_Sector
- Cf_Fat_Init
- Cf_Fat_QuickFormat
- Cf_Fat_Assign
- Cf_Fat_Reset
- Cf_Fat_Read
- Cf_Fat_Rewrite
- Cf_Fat_Append
- Cf_Fat_Delete
- Cf_Fat_Write
- Cf_Fat_Set_File_Date
- Cf_Fat_Get_File_Date
- Cf_Fat_Get_File_Date_Modified
- Cf_Fat_Get_File_Size
- Cf_Fat_Get_Swap_File
- Library Example
- HW Connection
- Epson S1D13700 Graphic Lcd Library
- External dependencies of the Epson S1D13700 Graphic Lcd Library
- Library Routines
- S1D13700_Init
- S1D13700_Write_Command
- S1D13700_Write_Parameter
- S1D13700_Read_Parameter
- S1D13700_Fill
- S1D13700_GrFill
- S1D13700_TxtFill
- S1D13700_Display_GrLayer
- S1D13700_Display_TxtLayer
- S1D13700_Set_Cursor
- S1D13700_Display_Cursor
- S1D13700_Write_Char
- S1D13700_Write_Text
- S1D13700_Dot
- S1D13700_Line
- S1D13700_H_Line
- S1D13700_V_Line
- S1D13700_Rectangle
- S1D13700_Box
- S1D13700_Rectangle_Round_Edges
- S1D13700_Rectangle_Round_Edges_Fill
- S1D13700_Circle
- S1D13700_Circle_Fill
- S1D13700_Image
- S1D13700_PartialImage
- Flash Memory Library
- Graphic Lcd Library
- Library Dependency Tree
- External dependencies of Graphic Lcd Library
- Glcd_Init
- Glcd_Set_Side
- Glcd_Set_X
- Glcd_Set_Page
- Glcd_Read_Data
- Glcd_Write_Data
- Glcd_Fill
- Glcd_Dot
- Glcd_Line
- Glcd_V_Line
- Glcd_H_Line
- Glcd_Rectangle
- Glcd_Rectangle_Round_Edges
- Glcd_Rectangle_Round_Edges_Fill
- Glcd_Box
- Glcd_Circle
- Glcd_Circle_Fill
- Glcd_Set_Font
- Glcd_Write_Char
- Glcd_Write_Text
- Glcd_Image
- Glcd_PartialImage
- I²C Library
- Keypad Library
- Lcd Library
- Manchester Code Library
- Memory Manager Library
- Multi Media Card Library
- Secure Digital Card
- Secure Digital High Capacity Card
- Library Dependency Tree
- External dependencies of MMC Library
- Library Routines
- Mmc_Init
- Mmc_Read_Sector
- Mmc_Write_Sector
- Mmc_Read_Cid
- Mmc_Read_Csd
- Mmc_Fat_Init
- Mmc_Fat_QuickFormat
- Mmc_Fat_Assign
- Mmc_Fat_Reset
- Mmc_Fat_Read
- Mmc_Fat_Rewrite
- Mmc_Fat_Append
- Mmc_Fat_Delete
- Mmc_Fat_Write
- Mmc_Fat_Set_File_Date
- Mmc_Fat_Get_File_Date
- Mmc_Fat_Get_File_Date_Modified
- Mmc_Fat_Get_File_Size
- Mmc_Fat_Get_Swap_File
- Library Example
- HW Connection
- OneWire Library
- Port Expander Library
- Library Dependency Tree
- External dependencies of Port Expander Library
- Library Routines
- Expander_Init
- Expander_Init_Advanced
- Expander_Read_Byte
- Expander_Write_Byte
- Expander_Read_PortA
- Expander_Read_PortB
- Expander_Read_PortAB
- Expander_Write_PortA
- Expander_Write_PortB
- Expander_Write_PortAB
- Expander_Set_DirectionPortA
- Expander_Set_DirectionPortB
- Expander_Set_DirectionPortAB
- Expander_Set_PullUpsPortA
- Expander_Set_PullUpsPortB
- Expander_Set_PullUpsPortAB
- Library Example
- HW Connection
- PS/2 Library
- PWM Library
- RS-485 Library
- Software I²C Library
- Software SPI Library
- Software UART Library
- Sound Library
- SPI Library
- SPI Ethernet Library
- Library Dependency Tree
- External dependencies of SPI Ethernet Library
- Library Routines
- SPI_Ethernet_Init
- SPI_Ethernet_Enable
- SPI_Ethernet_Disable
- SPI_Ethernet_doPacket
- SPI_Ethernet_putByte
- SPI_Ethernet_putBytes
- SPI_Ethernet_putConstBytes
- SPI_Ethernet_putString
- SPI_Ethernet_putConstString
- SPI_Ethernet_getByte
- SPI_Ethernet_getBytes
- SPI_Ethernet_UserTCP
- SPI_Ethernet_UserUDP
- SPI_Ethernet_getIpAddress
- Ethernet_getGwIpAddress
- SPI_Ethernet_getDnsIpAddress
- SPI_Ethernet_getIpMask
- SPI_Ethernet_confNetwork
- SPI_Ethernet_arpResolve
- SPI_Ethernet_sendUDP
- SPI_Ethernet_dnsResolve
- SPI_Ethernet_initDHCP
- SPI_Ethernet_doDHCPLeaseTime
- SPI_Ethernet_renewDHCP
- Library Example
- HW Connection
- SPI Ethernet ENC24J600 Library
- Library Dependency Tree
- External dependencies of SPI Ethernet ENC24J600 Library
- Library Routines
- SPI_Ethernet_24j600_Init
- SPI_Ethernet_24j600_Enable
- SPI_Ethernet_24j600_Disable
- SPI_Ethernet_24j600_doPacket
- SPI_Ethernet_24j600_putByte
- SPI_Ethernet_24j600_putBytes
- SPI_Ethernet_24j600_putConstBytes
- SPI_Ethernet_24j600_putString
- SPI_Ethernet_24j600_putConstString
- SPI_Ethernet_24j600_getByte
- SPI_Ethernet_24j600_getBytes
- SPI_Ethernet_24j600_UserTCP
- SPI_Ethernet_24j600_UserUDP
- SPI_Ethernet_24j600_getIpAddress
- SPI_Ethernet_24j600_getGwIpAddress
- SPI_Ethernet_24j600_getDnsIpAddress
- SPI_Ethernet_24j600_getIpMask
- SPI_Ethernet_24j600_confNetwork
- SPI_Ethernet_24j600_arpResolve
- SPI_Ethernet_24j600_sendUDP
- SPI_Ethernet_24j600_dnsResolve
- SPI_Ethernet_24j600_initDHCP
- SPI_Ethernet_24j600_doDHCPLeaseTime
- SPI_Ethernet_24j600_renewDHCP
- SPI Graphic Lcd Library
- Library Dependency Tree
- External dependencies of SPI Lcd Library
- Library Routines
- SPI_Glcd_Init
- SPI_Glcd_Set_Side
- SPI_Glcd_Set_Page
- SPI_Glcd_Set_X
- SPI_Glcd_Read_Data
- SPI_Glcd_Write_Data
- SPI_Glcd_Fill
- SPI_Glcd_Dot
- SPI_Glcd_Line
- SPI_Glcd_V_Line
- SPI_Glcd_H_Line
- SPI_Glcd_Rectangle
- SPI_Glcd_Rectangle_Round_Edges
- SPI_Glcd_Rectangle_Round_Edges_Fill
- SPI_Glcd_Box
- SPI_Glcd_Circle
- SPI_Glcd_Circle_FIll
- SPI_Glcd_Set_Font
- SPI_Glcd_Write_Char
- SPI_Glcd_Write_Text
- SPI_Glcd_Image
- SPI_Glcd_PartialImage
- Library Example
- HW Connection
- SPI Lcd Library
- SPI Lcd8 (8-bit interface) Library
- SPI T6963C Graphic Lcd Library
- Library Dependency Tree
- External dependencies of SPI T6963C Graphic Lcd Library
- Library Routines
- SPI_T6963C_config
- SPI_T6963C_writeData
- SPI_T6963C_writeCommand
- SPI_T6963C_setPtr
- SPI_T6963C_waitReady
- SPI_T6963C_fill
- SPI_T6963C_dot
- SPI_T6963C_write_char
- SPI_T6963C_write_text
- SPI_T6963C_line
- SPI_T6963C_rectangle
- SPI_T6963C_rectangle_round_edges
- SPI_T6963C_rectangle_round_edges_fill
- SPI_T6963C_box
- SPI_T6963C_circle
- SPI_T6963C_circle_fill
- SPI_T6963C_image
- SPI_T6963C_PartialImage
- SPI_T6963C_sprite
- SPI_T6963C_set_cursor
- SPI_T6963C_clearBit
- SPI_T6963C_setBit
- SPI_T6963C_negBit
- SPI_T6963C_displayGrPanel
- SPI_T6963C_displayTxtPanel
- SPI_T6963C_setGrPanel
- SPI_T6963C_setTxtPanel
- SPI_T6963C_panelFill
- SPI_T6963C_grFill
- SPI_T6963C_txtFill
- SPI_T6963C_cursor_height
- SPI_T6963C_graphics
- SPI_T6963C_text
- SPI_T6963C_cursor
- SPI_T6963C_cursor_blink
- Library Example
- HW Connection
- T6963C Graphic Lcd Library
- Library Dependency Tree
- External dependencies of T6963C Graphic Lcd Library
- Library Routines
- T6963C_init
- T6963C_writeData
- T6963C_writeCommand
- T6963C_setPtr
- T6963C_waitReady
- T6963C_fill
- T6963C_dot
- T6963C_write_char
- T6963C_write_text
- T6963C_line
- T6963C_rectangle
- T6963C_rectangle_round_edges
- T6963C_rectangle_round_edges_fill
- T6963C_box
- T6963C_circle
- T6963C_circle_fill
- T6963C_image
- T6963C_PartialImage
- T6963C_sprite
- T6963C_set_cursor
- T6963C_clearBit
- T6963C_setBit
- T6963C_negBit
- T6963C_displayGrPanel
- T6963C_displayTxtPanel
- T6963C_setGrPanel
- T6963C_setTxtPanel
- T6963C_panelFill
- T6963C_grFill
- T6963C_txtFill
- T6963C_cursor_height
- T6963C_graphics
- T6963C_text
- T6963C_cursor
- T6963C_cursor_blink
- Library Example
- HW Connection
- TFT Library
- External dependencies of TFT Library
- Library Routines
- TFT_Init
- TFT_Set_Index
- TFT_Write_Command
- TFT_Write_Data
- TFT_Set_Active
- TFT_Set_Font
- TFT_Write_Char
- TFT_Write_Text
- TFT_Fill_Screen
- TFT_Dot
- TFT_Set_Pen
- TFT_Set_Brush
- TFT_Line
- TFT_H_Line
- TFT_V_Line
- TFT_Rectangle
- TFT_Rectangle_Round_Edges
- TFT_Circle
- TFT_Image
- TFT_Partial_Image
- TFT_Image_Jpeg
- TFT_RGBToColor16bit
- TFT_Color16bitToRGB
- HW Connection
- Touch Panel Library
- Touch Panel TFT Library
- UART Library
- USB Library
- Standard ANSI C Libraries
- ANSI C Ctype Library
- ANSI C Math Library
- ANSI C Stdlib Library
- ANSI C String Library
- Miscellaneous Libraries
- Button Library
- Conversions Library
- PrintOut Library
- Setjmp Library
- Sprint Library
- Time Library
- Trigonometry Library
- CHAPTER 10
- Tutorials
- Managing Project
- New Project
- New Project
- Customizing Projects
- Add/Remove Files from Project
- Source Files
- Edit Project
- Source Files
- Clean Project Folder
- Compilation
- Creating New Library
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Can I use your compilers and programmer on Windows Vista (Windows 7) ?
- I am getting “Access is denied” error in Vista, how to solve this problem ?
- What are differences between mikroC PRO, mikroPascal PRO and mikroC PRO compilers ? Why do they have different prices ?
- Why do your PIC compilers don’t support 12F508 and some similar chips ?
- What are limitations of demo versions of mikroElektronika’s compilers ?
- Why do I still get demo limit error when I purchased and installed license key ?
- I have bought license for the older version, do I have to pay license for the new version of the compiler ?
- Do your compilers work on Windows Vista (Windows 7) ?
- What does this function/procedure/routine do ?
- I try to compile one of the provided examples and nothing happens, what is the problem?
- Can I get your library sources ? I need to provide all sources with my project.
- Can I use code I developed in your compilers in commercial purposes ? Are there some limitations ?
- Why does an example provided with your compilers doesn’t work ?
- Your example works if I use the same MCU you did, but how to make it work for another MCU ?
- I need this project finished, can you help me ?
- Do you have some discount on your compilers/development systems for students/professors ?
- I have a question about your compilers which is not listed here. Where can I find an answer ?

mikroC PRO for PIC32
MikroElektronika
231
Function Prototypes
A function can be dened only once in the program, but can be declared several times, assuming that the declarations
are compatible. When declaring a function, the formal argument’s identier does not have to be specied, but its type
does.
This kind of declaration, commonly known as the function prototype, allows better control over argument number, type
checking and type conversions. The name of a parameter in function prototype has its scope limited to the prototype.
This allows one parameter identier to have different name in different declarations of the same function:
/* Here are two prototypes of the same function: */
int test(const char*) /* declares function test */
int test(const char*p) /* declares the same function test */
Function prototypes are very useful in documenting code. For example, the function Cf_Init takes two parameters:
Control Port and Data Port. The question is, which is which? The function prototype:
void Cf_Init(char *ctrlport, char *dataport);
makes it clear. If a header le contains function prototypes, the user can read that le to get the information needed
for writing programs that call these functions. If a prototype parameter includes an identier, then the indentier is only
used for error checking.
Function Denition
Function denition consists of its declaration and function body. The function body is technically a block – a
sequence of local denitions and statements enclosed within braces {}. All variables declared within function body are
local to the function, i.e. they have function scope.
The function itself can be dened only within the le scope, which means that function declarations cannot be nested.
To return the function result, use the return statement. The statement return in functions of the void type cannot have
a parameter – in fact, the return statement can be omitted altogether if it is the last statement in the function body.
Here is a sample function denition:
/* function max returns greater one of its 2 arguments: */
int max(int x, int y) {
return (x>=y) ? x : y;
}