User guide

Trimble M3 Total Station User Guide 155
Glossary
DDDMMmmm
A format for entering angles or latitudes and longitude values. With this option
selected the values are entered as degrees, minutes, and decimal minutes. For
example, 45°21.457' is entered as 45.21457. Southern latitudes and western
longitudes are entered as negatives.
DDDMMSSsss
A format for entering angles or latitudes and longitude values. With this option
selected the values are entered as degrees, minutes, seconds and decimal seconds.
For example, 45°21'45.7" is entered as 45 21 457. Southern latitudes and western
longitudes are entered as negatives.
delta elevation
The difference in elevation between two points.
delta N, delta E, delta U
Coordinate differences expressed in a Local Geodetic Horizon coordinate system.
delta X, delta Y, delta Z
Coordinate differences expressed in the earth-centered Cartesian coordinate
system.
direct reflex (DR)
The measurement mode for non-prism measurement.
direction
The angle between a line and an arbitrarily chosen reference line. When the
reference line is north or south and the angle is measured east or west, the
direction is called a bearing. When the reference line is south and the angle is
clockwise, the direction is called an azimuth
distance
The (changing) amount of separation between any two points. For example, as
someone moves toward a point, the distance changes.
eccentric measurement
When the target point cannot be measured directly from the station point, you can
use some functions in the "eccentric measurement" program to find a way to
calculate the target point based on the result from alternative measurements.
EDM
Electronic Distance Measurement (telescope part of the instrument).
elevation
The vertical distance from a datum, generally mean sea level, to a point or object
on the earth’s surface. The terms “elevation” and “altitude” have sometimes been
used synonymously, but in modern surveying practice the term “elevation” is
preferred to indicate heights on the earth’s surface whereas “altitude” is used to
indicate the heights of points in space above the earth’s surface.
error
The difference between the measured value of a quantity and its true value.
Surveying errors are generally divided into three categories: blunders, systematic
errors, and random errors. Least squares analysis is used to detect and eliminate
blunders and systematic errors, and least squares adjustment is used to measure
and properly distribute random error.
h
Height.
HA
Horizontal angle.
HD
See horizontal distance.
horizontal
A plane perpendicular to the plumbline at the point of consideration or origin.