Datasheet

 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS39979A-page 319
PIC18F87J72 FAMILY
26.0 SPECIAL FEATURES OF THE
CPU
PIC18F87J72 family devices include several features
intended to maximize reliability and minimize cost
through elimination of external components. These are:
• Oscillator Selection
• Resets:
- Power-on Reset (POR)
- Power-up Timer (PWRT)
- Oscillator Start-up Timer (OST)
- Brown-out Reset (BOR)
• Interrupts
• Watchdog Timer (WDT)
• Fail-Safe Clock Monitor
• Two-Speed Start-up
• Code Protection
• In-Circuit Serial Programming
The oscillator can be configured for the application
depending on frequency, power, accuracy and cost. All
of the options are discussed in detail in Section 3.0
“Oscillator Configurations”.
A complete discussion of device Resets and interrupts
is available in previous sections of this data sheet.
In addition to their Power-up and Oscillator Start-up
Timers provided for Resets, the PIC18F87J72 family of
devices has a configurable Watchdog Timer which is
controlled in software.
The inclusion of an internal RC oscillator also provides
the additional benefits of a Fail-Safe Clock Monitor
(FSCM) and Two-Speed Start-up. FSCM provides for
background monitoring of the peripheral clock and
automatic switchover in the event of its failure.
Two-Speed Start-up enables code to be executed
almost immediately on start-up, while the primary clock
source completes its start-up delays.
All of these features are enabled and configured by
setting the appropriate Configuration register bits.
26.1 Configuration Bits
The Configuration bits can be programmed (read as
‘0’), or left unprogrammed (read as ‘1’), to select
various device configurations. These bits are mapped
starting at program memory location, 300000h. A
complete list is shown in Table 26-2. A detailed
explanation of the various bit functions is provided in
Register 26-1 through Register 26-6.
26.1.1 CONSIDERATIONS FOR
CONFIGURING PIC18F87J72
FAMILY DEVICES
Devices of the PIC18F87J72 family do not use persis-
tent memory registers to store configuration information.
The configuration bytes are implemented as volatile
memory which means that configuration data must be
programmed each time the device is powered up.
Configuration data is stored in the three words at the
top of the on-chip program memory space, known as
the Flash Configuration Words. It is stored in program
memory in the same order shown in Table 26-2, with
CONFIG1L at the lowest address and CONFIG3H at
the highest. The data is automatically loaded in the
proper Configuration registers during device power-up.
When creating applications for these devices, users
should always specifically allocate the location of the
Flash Configuration Word for configuration data. This is
to make certain that program code is not stored in this
address when the code is compiled.
The volatile memory cells used for the Configuration
bits always reset to ‘1’ on Power-on Resets. For all
other types of Reset events, the previously
programmed values are maintained and used without
reloading from program memory.
The four Most Significant bits of CONFIG1H,
CONFIG2H and CONFIG3H in program memory
should also be ‘1111’. This makes these Configuration
Words appear to be NOP instructions in the remote
event that their locations are ever executed by
accident. Since Configuration bits are not implemented
in the corresponding locations, writing ‘1’s to these
locations has no effect on device operation.
To prevent inadvertent configuration changes during
code execution, all programmable Configuration bits
are write-once. After a bit is initially programmed during
a power cycle, it cannot be written to again. Changing
a device configuration requires that power to the device
be cycled.
TABLE 26-1: MAPPING OF THE FLASH
CONFIGURATION WORDS TO
THE CONFIGURATION
REGISTERS
Configuration
Byte
Code Space
Address
Configuration
Register
Address
CONFIG1L XXXF8h 300000h
CONFIG1H XXXF9h 300001h
CONFIG2L XXXFAh 300002h
CONFIG2H XXXFBh 300003h
CONFIG3L XXXFCh 300004h
CONFIG3H XXXFDh 300005h