Datasheet

PIC18F2331/2431/4331/4431
DS39616D-page 232  2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
20.3.5 BREAK CHARACTER SEQUENCE
The Enhanced USART module has the capability of
sending the special Break character sequences that
are required by the LIN/J2602 bus standard. The Break
character transmit consists of a Start bit, followed by
twelve ‘0’ bits and a Stop bit. The Frame Break charac-
ter is sent whenever the SENDB and TXEN bits
(TXSTA<3> and TXSTA<5>) are set while the Transmit
Shift register is loaded with data. Note that the value of
data written to TXREG will be ignored and all ‘0’s will
be transmitted.
The SENDB bit is automatically reset by hardware after
the corresponding Stop bit is sent. This allows the user
to preload the transmit FIFO with the next transmit byte
following the Break character (typically, the Sync
character in the LIN/J2602 specification).
Note that the data value written to the TXREG for the
Break character is ignored. The write simply serves the
purpose of initiating the proper sequence.
The TRMT bit indicates when the transmit operation is
active or Idle, just as it does during normal transmis-
sion. See Figure 20-9 for the timing of the Break
character sequence.
20.3.5.1 Break and Sync Transmit Sequence
The following sequence will send a message frame
header made up of a Break, followed by an Auto-Baud
Sync byte. This sequence is typical of a LIN/J2602 bus
master.
1. Configure the EUSART for the desired mode.
2. Set the TXEN and SENDB bits to setup the
Break character.
3. Load the TXREG with a dummy character to
initiate transmission (the value is ignored).
4. Write ‘55h’ to TXREG to load the Sync character
into the transmit FIFO buffer.
5. After the Break has been sent, the SENDB bit is
reset by hardware. The Sync character now
transmits in the preconfigured mode.
When the TXREG becomes empty, as indicated by the
TXIF, the next data byte can be written to TXREG.
20.3.6 RECEIVING A BREAK CHARACTER
The Enhanced USART module can receive a Break
character in two ways.
The first method forces configuration of the baud rate
at a frequency of 9/13 of the typical speed. This allows
for the Stop bit transition to be at the correct sampling
location (13 bits for Break versus Start bit and 8 data
bits for typical data).
The second method uses the auto-wake-up feature
described in Section 20.3.4 “Auto-Wake-up on Sync
Break Character”. By enabling this feature, the
EUSART will sample the next two transitions on RX/DT,
cause an RCIF interrupt and receive the next data byte
followed by another interrupt.
Note that following a Break character, the user will
typically want to enable the Auto-Baud Rate Detect
feature. For both methods, the user can set the ABD bit
before placing the EUSART in its Sleep mode.
FIGURE 20-9: SEND BREAK CHARACTER SEQUENCE
Write to TXREG
BRG Output
(Shift Clock)
Start Bit
Bit 0 Bit 1 Bit 11
Stop Bit
Break
TXIF bit
(Interrupt Reg. Flag)
TX (Pin)
TRMT bit
(Transmit Shift
Reg. Empty Flag)
SENDB
(Transmit Shift
Reg. Empty Flag)
SENDB sampled here
Auto-Cleared
Dummy Write