Datasheet

PIC16F72
DS39597C-page 62 © 2007 Microchip Technology Inc.
TABLE 11-2: CAPACITOR SELECTION FOR
CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR (FOR
DESIGN GUIDANCE ONLY)
11.2.3 RC OSCILLATOR
For timing insensitive applications, the “RC” device
option offers additional cost savings. The RC oscillator
frequency is a function of the supply voltage, the resis-
tor (R
EXT) and capacitor (CEXT) values, and the operat-
ing temperature. In addition to this, the oscillator
frequency will vary from unit to unit due to normal pro-
cess parameter variation. Furthermore, the difference
in lead frame capacitance between package types will
also affect the oscillation frequency, especially for low
C
EXT values. The user also needs to take into account
variation due to tolerance of external R and C com-
ponents used. Figure 11-3 shows how the R/C
combination is connected to the PIC16F72.
FIGURE 11-3: RC OSCILLATOR MODE
11.3 RESET
The PIC16F72 differentiates between various kinds of
RESET:
• Power-on Reset (POR)
•MCLR
Reset during normal operation
•MCLR
Reset during SLEEP
• WDT Reset (during normal operation)
• WDT Wake-up (during SLEEP)
• Brown-out Reset (BOR)
Some registers are not affected in any RESET condi-
tion. Their status is unknown on POR and unchanged
in any other RESET. Most other registers are reset to a
“RESET state” on Power-on Reset (POR), on the
MCLR and WDT Reset, on MCLR Reset during
SLEEP, and Brown-out Reset (BOR). They are not
affected by a WDT Wake-up, which is viewed as the
resumption of normal operation. The TO
and PD bits
are set or cleared differently in different RESET situa-
tions, as indicated in Table 11-4. These bits are used in
software to determine the nature of the RESET. See
Table 11-6 for a full description of RESET states of all
registers.
A simplified block diagram of the on-chip RESET circuit
is shown in Figure 11-4.
Osc Type
Crystal
Freq
Typical Capacitor Values
Tested:
C1 C2
LP 32 kHz 33 pF 33 pF
200 kHz 15 pF 15 pF
XT 200 kHz 56 pF 56 pF
1 MHz 15 pF 15 pF
4 MHz 15 pF 15 pF
HS 4 MHz 15 pF 15 pF
8 MHz 15 pF 15 pF
20 MHz 15 pF 15 pF
Capacitor values are for design guidance only.
These capacitors were tested with the crystals listed
below for basic start-up and operation. These values
were not optimized.
Different capacitor values may be required to produce
acceptable oscillator operation. The user should test
the performance of the oscillator over the expected
V
DD and temperature range for the application.
See the notes following this table for additional
information.
Note 1: Higher capacitance increases the stability
of oscillator, but also increases the
start-up time.
2: Since each resonator/crystal has its own
characteristics, the user should consult the
resonator/crystal manufacturer for appro-
priate values of external components.
3: Rs may be required in HS mode, as well
as XT mode, to avoid overdriving crystals
with low drive level specification.
4: Always verify oscillator performance over
the V
DD and temperature range that is
expected for the application.
OSC2/CLKO
CEXT
REXT
PIC16F72
OSC1
F
OSC/4
Internal
Clock
VDD
VSS
Recommended values: 3 kΩ ≤ REXT ≤ 100 kΩ
C
EXT > 20 pF