Datasheet

PIC16F716
DS41206B-page 64 © 2007 Microchip Technology Inc.
9.2.3 RC OSCILLATOR
For timing insensitive applications, the “RC” device
option offers additional cost savings. The RC oscillator
frequency is a function of the supply voltage, the
resistor (R
EXT) and capacitor (CEXT) values and the
operating temperature. In addition to this, the oscillator
frequency will vary from unit-to-unit due to normal
process parameter variation. Furthermore, the
difference in lead frame capacitance between package
types will also affect the oscillation frequency,
especially for low C
EXT values. The user also needs to
take into account variation due to tolerance of external
R and C components used. Figure 9-3 shows how the
R/C combination is connected to the PIC16F716.
FIGURE 9-3: RC OSCILLATOR MODE
9.3 Reset
The PIC16F716 differentiates between various kinds of
Reset:
• Power-on Reset (POR)
•MCLR
Reset during normal operation
•MCLR Reset during Sleep
• WDT Reset (during normal operation)
• WDT Wake-up (during Sleep)
• Brown-out Reset (BOR)
Some registers are not affected in any Reset condition;
their status is unknown on POR and unchanged in any
other Reset. Most other registers are reset to a “Reset
state” on Power-on Reset (POR), on the MCLR
and
WDT Reset, on MCLR
Reset during Sleep and
Brown-out Reset (BOR). They are not affected by a
WDT Wake-up, which is viewed as the resumption of
normal operation. The TO
and PD bits are set or
cleared differently in different Reset situations as indi-
cated in Table 9-4. These bits are used in software to
determine the nature of the Reset. See Table 9-6 for a
full description of Reset states of all registers.
A simplified block diagram of the On-chip Reset circuit
is shown in Figure 9-5.
The PIC
®
microcontrollers have an MCLR noise filter in
the MCLR
Reset path. The filter will detect and ignore
small pulses.
It should be noted that a WDT Reset does not drive the
MCLR
pin low.
9.4 Power-On Reset (POR)
A Power-on Reset pulse is generated on-chip when
V
DD rise is detected. To take advantage of the POR,
just tie the MCLR
pin directly (or through a resistor) to
V
DD. This will eliminate external RC components
usually needed to create a Power-on Reset. A
maximum rise time for V
DD is specified (parameter
D004). For a slow rise time, see Figure 9-4.
When the device starts normal operation (exits the
Reset condition), device operating parameters
(voltage, frequency, temperature,...) must be met to
ensure operation. If these conditions are not met, the
device must be held in Reset until the operating
conditions are met. Brown-out Reset may be used to
meet the start-up conditions.
FIGURE 9-4: EXTERNAL POWER-ON
RESET CIRCUIT (FOR
SLOW V
DD POWER-UP)
OSC2/CLKOUT
CEXT
REXT
PIC16F716
OSC1
F
OSC/4
Internal
clock
VDD
VSS
Recommended values:
3kΩ ≤ R
EXT ≤ 100 kΩ (VDD ≥ 3.0V)
10 kΩ ≤ R
EXT ≤ 100 kΩ (VDD ≥ 3.0V)
C
EXT > 20 pF
Note 1: External Power-on Reset circuit is required
only if V
DD power-up slope is too slow. The
diode D helps discharge the capacitor quickly
when V
DD powers down.
2: R < 40 kΩ is recommended to make sure that
voltage drop across R does not violate the
device’s electrical specification.
3: R1 = 100Ω to 1 kΩ will limit any current
flowing into MCLR
from external capacitor C
in the event of MCLR/
VPP pin breakdown due
to Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) or Electrical
Overstress
(EOS).
C
R1
R
V
DD
MCLR
PIC16F716
VDD