Datasheet

ManualsBrandsMICROCHIP TECHNOLOGY ManualsMicrocontrollers, Microprocessors & QuartzesEmbedded microcontroller SSOP 20 8-Bit 20 MHz I/O number 18

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Table Of Contents

High-Performance RISC CPU:
Special Microcontroller Features:
Low-Power Features:
Peripheral Features:
PIC16F631 Pin Diagram
- TABLE 1: PIC16F631 Pin Summary
PIC16F677 Pin Diagram
- TABLE 2: PIC16F677 Pin Summary
PIC16F685 Pin Diagram
- TABLE 3: PIC16F685 Pin Summary
PIC16F687/689 Pin Diagram
- TABLE 4: PIC16F687/689 Pin Summary
PIC16F690 Pin Diagram (PDIP, SOIC, SSOP)
- TABLE 5: PIC16F690 Pin Summary
PIC16F631/677/685/687/689/690 Pin Diagram (QFN)
Most Current Data Sheet
Errata
Customer Notification System
1.0 Device Overview
- FIGURE 1-1: PIC16F631 Block Diagram
- FIGURE 1-2: PIC16F677 Block Diagram
- FIGURE 1-3: PIC16F685 Block Diagram
- FIGURE 1-4: PIC16F687/PIC16F689 Block Diagram
- FIGURE 1-5: PIC16F690 Block Diagram
- TABLE 1-1: Pinout Description - PIC16F631
- TABLE 1-2: Pinout Description - PIC16F677
- TABLE 1-3: Pinout Description - PIC16F685
- TABLE 1-4: Pinout Description - PIC16F687/PIC16F689
- TABLE 1-5: Pinout Description - PIC16F690
2.0 Memory Organization
- 2.1 Program Memory Organization
- 2.2 Data Memory Organization
  - 2.2.1 General Purpose Register File
  - 2.2.2 Special Function Registers
- 2.3 PCL and PCLATH
- 2.4 Indirect Addressing, INDF and FSR Registers
  - EXAMPLE 2-1: Indirect Addressing
  - FIGURE 2-10: Direct/Indirect Addressing PIC16F631/677/685/687/689/690
3.0 Oscillator Module (With Fail-Safe Clock Monitor)
- 3.1 Overview
  - FIGURE 3-1: SIMPLIFIED PIC® MCU Clock Source Block Diagram
- 3.2 Oscillator Control
  - Register 3-1: OSCCON: Oscillator Control Register
- 3.3 Clock Source Modes
- 3.4 External Clock Modes
- 3.5 Internal Clock Modes
- 3.6 Clock Switching
  - 3.6.1 System Clock Select (SCS) Bit
  - 3.6.2 Oscillator Start-up Time-out Status (OSTS) Bit
- 3.7 Two-Speed Clock Start-up Mode
- 3.8 Fail-Safe Clock Monitor
4.0 I/O Ports
- 4.1 PORTA and the TRISA Registers
- 4.2 Additional Pin Functions
- 4.3 PORTB and TRISB Registers
  - EXAMPLE 4-3: Initializing PORTB
- 4.4 Additional PORTB Pin Functions
- 4.5 PORTC and TRISC Registers
5.0 Timer0 Module
- 5.1 Timer0 Operation
6.0 Timer1 Module with Gate Control
- 6.1 Timer1 Operation
- 6.2 Clock Source Selection
- 6.3 Timer1 Prescaler
- 6.4 Timer1 Oscillator
- 6.5 Timer1 Operation in Asynchronous Counter Mode
  - 6.5.1 Reading and Writing Timer1 in Asynchronous Counter Mode
- 6.6 Timer1 Gate
- 6.7 Timer1 Interrupt
- 6.8 Timer1 Operation During Sleep
- 6.9 ECCP Capture/Compare Time Base
- 6.10 ECCP Special Event Trigger
- 6.11 Comparator Synchronization
  - FIGURE 6-2: Timer1 Incrementing Edge
- 6.12 Timer1 Control Register
  - Register 6-1: T1CON: Timer 1 Control Register
  - TABLE 6-1: Summary of Registers Associated with Timer1
7.0 Timer2 Module
- 7.1 Timer2 Operation
8.0 Comparator Module
- 8.1 Comparator Overview
- 8.2 Comparator Control
- 8.3 Comparator Response Time
- 8.4 Comparator Interrupt Operation
  - FIGURE 8-4: Comparator Interrupt Timing W/O CMxCON0 Read
  - FIGURE 8-5: Comparator Interrupt Timing With CMxCON0 Read
- 8.5 Operation During Sleep
- 8.6 Effects of a Reset
  - Register 8-1: CM1CON0: COMPARATOR C1 CONTROL REGISTER 0
  - Register 8-2: CM2CON0: COMPARATOR C2 CONTROL REGISTER 0
- 8.7 Analog Input Connection Considerations
  - FIGURE 8-6: Analog Input Model
- 8.8 Additional Comparator Features
- 8.9 Comparator SR Latch
  - 8.9.1 Latch Operation
  - 8.9.2 Latch Output
    - FIGURE 8-7: SR Latch Simplified Block Diagram
    - Register 8-4: SRCON: SR Latch Control Register
- 8.10 Comparator Voltage Reference
9.0 Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) Module
- FIGURE 9-1: ADC Block Diagram
- 9.1 ADC Configuration
- 9.2 ADC Operation
- 9.3 A/D Acquisition Requirements
10.0 Data EEPROM and Flash Program Memory Control
- 10.1 EEADR and EEADRH Registers
- 10.2 Write Verify
  - EXAMPLE 10-4: Write Verify
  - 10.2.1 Using the Data EEPROM
- 10.3 Protection Against Spurious Write
- 10.4 Data EEPROM Operation During Code-Protect
  - TABLE 10-1: Summary of Registers Associated with Data EEPROM
11.0 Enhanced Capture/Compare/PWM Module
- TABLE 11-1: ECCP Mode - Timer Resources Required
- Register 11-1: CCP1CON: Enhanced CCP1 Control Register
- 11.1 Capture Mode
- 11.2 Compare Mode
- 11.3 PWM Mode
- 11.4 PWM (Enhanced Mode)
12.0 Enhanced Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (EUSART)
- FIGURE 12-1: EUSART Transmit Block Diagram
- FIGURE 12-2: EUSART Receive Block Diagram
- 12.1 EUSART Asynchronous Mode
  - 12.1.1 EUSART Asynchronous Transmitter
  - 12.1.2 EUSART Asynchronous Receiver
    - FIGURE 12-5: Asynchronous Reception
    - TABLE 12-2: Registers Associated with Asynchronous Reception
- 12.2 Clock Accuracy with Asynchronous Operation
- 12.3 EUSART Baud Rate Generator (BRG)
- 12.4 EUSART Synchronous Mode
  - 12.4.1 Synchronous Master Mode
  - 12.4.2 Synchronous slave Mode
    - TABLE 12-9: Registers Associated with Synchronous Slave Transmission
    - TABLE 12-10: Registers Associated with Synchronous Slave Reception
- 12.5 EUSART Operation During Sleep
  - 12.5.1 Synchronous Receive During Sleep
  - 12.5.2 Synchronous Transmit During Sleep
13.0 SSP Module Overview
- 13.1 SPI Mode
- 13.2 Operation
  - EXAMPLE 13-1: Loading the SSPBUF (SSPSR) Register
- 13.3 Enabling SPI I/O
- 13.4 Typical Connection
  - FIGURE 13-2: SPI Master/Slave Connection
- 13.5 Master Mode
  - FIGURE 13-3: SPI Mode Waveform (Master Mode)
- 13.6 Slave Mode
- 13.7 Slave Select Synchronization
- 13.8 Sleep Operation
- 13.9 Effects of a Reset
- 13.10 Bus Mode Compatibility
  - TABLE 13-1: SPI Bus Modes
  - TABLE 13-2: Registers Associated with SPI Operation(1)
- 13.11 SSP I2C Operation
  - FIGURE 13-7: SSP Block Diagram (I2C™ Mode)
- 13.12 Slave Mode
- 13.13 Master Mode
- 13.14 Multi-Master Mode
  - 13.14.1 Clock Synchronization and the CKP Bit
    - FIGURE 13-12: Clock Synchronization Timing
    - TABLE 13-4: Registers Associated with I2C™ Operation(1)
14.0 Special Features of the CPU
- 14.1 Configuration Bits
  - Register 14-1: CONFIG: Configuration Word Register
- 14.2 Reset
- 14.3 Interrupts
- 14.4 Context Saving During Interrupts
  - EXAMPLE 14-1: Saving STATUS and W Registers in RAM
- 14.5 Watchdog Timer (WDT)
  - 14.5.1 WDT Oscillator
  - 14.5.2 WDT Control
- 14.6 Power-Down Mode (Sleep)
  - 14.6.1 Wake-up from Sleep
  - 14.6.2 Wake-up Using Interrupts
    - FIGURE 14-10: Wake-up from Sleep Through Interrupt
- 14.7 Code Protection
- 14.8 ID Locations
- 14.9 In-Circuit Serial Programming
  - FIGURE 14-11: Typical In-Circuit Serial Programming Connection
15.0 Instruction Set Summary
- 15.1 Read-Modify-Write Operations
- 15.2 Instruction Descriptions
16.0 Development Support
- 16.1 MPLAB Integrated Development Environment Software
- 16.2 MPASM Assembler
- 16.3 MPLAB C18 and MPLAB C30 C Compilers
- 16.4 MPLINK Object Linker/ MPLIB Object Librarian
- 16.5 MPLAB ASM30 Assembler, Linker and Librarian
- 16.6 MPLAB SIM Software Simulator
- 16.7 MPLAB ICE 2000 High-Performance In-Circuit Emulator
- 16.8 MPLAB REAL ICE In-Circuit Emulator System
- 16.9 MPLAB ICD 2 In-Circuit Debugger
- 16.10 MPLAB PM3 Device Programmer
- 16.11 PICSTART Plus Development Programmer
- 16.12 PICkit 2 Development Programmer
- 16.13 Demonstration, Development and Evaluation Boards
17.0 Electrical Specifications
- Absolute Maximum Ratings(†)
  - FIGURE 17-1: PIC16F631/677/685/687/689/690 Voltage-Frequency Graph, -40˚C £ ta £ +125˚C
  - FIGURE 17-2: HFINTOSC Frequency Accuracy Over Device Vdd and Temperature
- 17.1 DC Characteristics: PIC16F631/677/685/687/689/690-I (Industrial) PIC16F631/677/685/687/689/690-E (Extended)
- 17.2 DC Characteristics: PIC16F631/677/685/687/689/690-I (Industrial) PIC16F631/677/685/687/689/690-E (Extended)
- 17.3 DC Characteristics: PIC16F631/677/685/687/689/690-E (Extended)
- 17.4 DC Characteristics: PIC16F631/677/685/687/689/690-I (Industrial) PIC16F631/677/685/687/689/690-E (Extended)
- 17.5 Thermal Considerations
- 17.6 Timing Parameter Symbology
  - FIGURE 17-3: Load Conditions
- 17.7 AC Characteristics: PIC16F631/677/685/687/689/690 (Industrial, Extended)
18.0 DC and AC Characteristics Graphs and Tables
- FIGURE 18-1: Typical Idd vs. Fosc Over Vdd (EC Mode)
- FIGURE 18-2: Maximum Idd vs. Fosc Over Vdd (EC Mode)
- FIGURE 18-3: Typical Idd vs. Fosc Over Vdd (HS Mode)
- FIGURE 18-4: Maximum Idd vs. Fosc Over Vdd (HS Mode)
- FIGURE 18-5: Typical Idd vs. Vdd Over Fosc (XT Mode)
- FIGURE 18-6: Maximum Idd vs. Vdd Over Fosc (XT Mode)
- FIGURE 18-7: Idd vs. Vdd (LP Mode)
- FIGURE 18-8: Typical Idd vs. Vdd Over Fosc (EXTRC Mode)
- FIGURE 18-9: Maximum Idd vs. Vdd Over Fosc (EXTRC Mode)
- FIGURE 18-10: Idd vs. Vdd Over Fosc (LFINTOSC Mode, 31 kHz)
- FIGURE 18-11: Typical Idd vs. Fosc Over Vdd (HFINTOSC Mode)
- FIGURE 18-12: Maximum Idd vs. Fosc Over Vdd (HFINTOSC Mode)
- FIGURE 18-13: Typical Ipd vs. Vdd (Sleep Mode, all Peripherals Disabled)
- FIGURE 18-14: Maximum Ipd vs. Vdd (Sleep Mode, all Peripherals Disabled)
- FIGURE 18-15: Comparator Ipd vs. Vdd (Both Comparators Enabled)
- FIGURE 18-16: BOR Ipd VS. Vdd Over Temperature
- FIGURE 18-17: Typical WDT Ipd VS. Vdd Over Temperature
- FIGURE 18-18: Maximum WDT Ipd VS. Vdd Over Temperature
- FIGURE 18-19: WDT Period VS. Vdd Over Temperature
- FIGURE 18-20: WDT Period VS. Temperature Over Vdd (5.0V)
- FIGURE 18-21: CVref Ipd VS. Vdd Over Temperature (High Range)
- FIGURE 18-22: CVref Ipd VS. Vdd Over Temperature (Low Range)
- FIGURE 18-23: Typical VP6 Reference Ipd vs. Vdd (25C)
- FIGURE 18-24: Maximum VP6 Reference Ipd vs. Vdd Over Temperature
- FIGURE 18-25: T1OSC Ipd vs. Vdd Over Temperature (32 kHz)
- FIGURE 18-26: Vol VS. Iol Over Temperature (Vdd = 3.0V)
- FIGURE 18-27: Vol VS. Iol Over Temperature (Vdd = 5.0V)
- FIGURE 18-28: Voh VS. Ioh Over Temperature (Vdd = 3.0V)
- FIGURE 18-29: Voh VS. Ioh Over Temperature (Vdd = 5.0V)
- FIGURE 18-30: TTL Input Threshold Vin VS. Vdd Over Temperature
- FIGURE 18-31: Schmitt Trigger Input Threshold Vin VS. Vdd Over Temperature
- FIGURE 18-32: Comparator Response Time (Rising Edge)
- FIGURE 18-33: Comparator Response Time (Falling Edge)
- FIGURE 18-34: LFINTOSC Frequency vs. Vdd Over Temperature (31 kHz)
- FIGURE 18-35: ADC Clock Period vs. Vdd Over Temperature
- FIGURE 18-36: Typical HFINTOSC Start-Up Times vs. Vdd Over Temperature
- FIGURE 18-37: Maximum HFINTOSC Start-Up Times vs. Vdd Over Temperature
- FIGURE 18-38: Minimum HFINTOSC Start-Up Times vs. Vdd Over Temperature
- FIGURE 18-39: Typical HFINTOSC Frequency Change vs. Vdd (25C)
- FIGURE 18-40: Typical HFINTOSC Frequency Change Over Device Vdd (85C)
- FIGURE 18-41: Typical HFINTOSC Frequency Change vs. Vdd (125C)
- FIGURE 18-42: Typical HFINTOSC Frequency Change vs. Vdd (-40C)
- FIGURE 18-43: Typical VP6 Reference Voltage vs. Vdd (25C)
- FIGURE 18-44: Typical VP6 Reference Voltage Over Temperature (3V)
- FIGURE 18-45: Typical VP6 Reference Voltage Over Temperature (5V)
- FIGURE 18-46: Typical VP6 Reference Voltage Distribution (3V, 25C)
- FIGURE 18-47: Typical VP6 Reference Voltage Distribution (3V, 85C)
- FIGURE 18-48: Typical VP6 Reference Voltage Distribution (3V, 125C)
- FIGURE 18-49: Typical VP6 Reference Voltage Distribution (3V, -40C)
- FIGURE 18-50: Typical VP6 Reference Voltage Distribution (5V, 25C)
- FIGURE 18-51: Typical VP6 Reference Voltage Distribution (5V, 85C)
- FIGURE 18-52: Typical VP6 Reference Voltage Distribution (5V, 125C)
- FIGURE 18-53: Typical VP6 Reference Voltage Distribution (5V, -40C)
19.0 Packaging Information
- 19.1 Package Marking Information
- 19.2 Package Details
Appendix A: Data Sheet Revision History
- Revision A (March 2005)
- Revision B (May 2006)
- Revision C (July 2006)
- Revision D (February 2007)
- Revision E (March 2008)
Appendix B: Migrating from other PIC® Devices
- TABLE B-1: feature comparison
INDEX
The Microchip Web Site
Customer Change Notification Service
Customer Support
Reader Response
Product Identification System
Worldwide Sales

PIC16F631/677/685/687/689/690

Baud Rate Error, Calculating ............................ 163

Baud Rates, Asynchronous Modes .................. 164

Formulas ........................................................... 163

High Baud Rate Select (BRGH Bit) .................. 163

Synchronous Master Mode ............................... 171, 175

Associated Registers

Receive..................................................... 174

Transmit.................................................... 172

Reception.......................................................... 173

Requirements, Synchronous Receive .............. 249

Requirements, Synchronous Transmission ...... 249

Timing Diagram, Synchronous Receive ........... 249

Timing Diagram, Synchronous Transmission ... 249

Transmission .................................................... 171

Synchronous Slave Mode

Associated Registers

Receive..................................................... 176

Transmit.................................................... 175

Reception.......................................................... 176

Transmission .................................................... 175

Fail-Safe Clock Monitor....................................................... 57

Fail-Safe Condition Clearing ....................................... 57

Fail-Safe Detection ..................................................... 57

Fail-Safe Operation..................................................... 57

Reset or Wake-up from Sleep..................................... 57

Firmware Instructions........................................................ 217

Flash Program Memory .................................................... 119

Fuses. See Configuration Bits

General Purpose Register File............................................ 26

C Mode

Addressing ................................................................ 189

Associated Registers ................................................ 196

Master Mode ............................................................. 195

Mode Selection ......................................................... 188

Multi-Master Mode .................................................... 195

Operation .................................................................. 188

Reception.................................................................. 190

Slave Mode

SCL and SDA pins............................................ 188

Transmission............................................................. 193

ID Locations ...................................................................... 215

In-Circuit Serial Programming (ICSP) ............................... 215

Indirect Addressing, INDF and FSR registers..................... 44

Instruction Format ............................................................. 217

Instruction Set ................................................................... 217

ADDLW ..................................................................... 219

ADDWF..................................................................... 219

ANDLW ..................................................................... 219

ANDWF..................................................................... 219

BCF........................................................................... 219

BSF........................................................................... 219

BTFSC ...................................................................... 219

BTFSS ...................................................................... 220

CALL......................................................................... 220

CLRF......................................................................... 220

CLRW ....................................................................... 220

CLRWDT................................................................... 220

COMF ....................................................................... 220

DECF ........................................................................ 220

DECFSZ.................................................................... 221

GOTO ....................................................................... 221

INCF ......................................................................... 221

INCFSZ..................................................................... 221

IORLW...................................................................... 221

IORWF...................................................................... 221

MOVF ....................................................................... 222

MOVLW .................................................................... 222

MOVWF.................................................................... 222

NOP.......................................................................... 222

RETFIE..................................................................... 223

RETLW ..................................................................... 223

RETURN................................................................... 223

RLF........................................................................... 224

RRF .......................................................................... 224

SLEEP...................................................................... 224

SUBLW..................................................................... 224

SUBWF..................................................................... 225

SWAPF..................................................................... 225

XORLW .................................................................... 225

XORWF .................................................................... 225

Summary Table ........................................................ 218

INTCON Register................................................................ 38

Inter-Integrated Circuit (I

C). See I

C Mode

Internal Oscillator Block

INTOSC

Specifications ................................................... 242

Internal Sampling Switch (R

SS) Impedance ..................... 116

Internet Address ............................................................... 301

Interrupts .......................................................................... 208

ADC .......................................................................... 111

Associated Registers ................................................ 210

Context Saving ......................................................... 211

Interrupt-on-Change ................................................... 60

Interrupt-on-change .................................................... 69

PORTA/PORTB Interrupt-on-Change ...................... 209

RA2/INT.................................................................... 208

Timer0 ...................................................................... 209

TMR1.......................................................................... 86

INTOSC Specifications ..................................................... 242

IOCA Register..................................................................... 62

IOCB Register..................................................................... 70

Load Conditions................................................................ 240

MCLR ............................................................................... 201

Internal...................................................................... 201

Memory Organization ......................................................... 25

Data ............................................................................ 26

Program...................................................................... 25

Microchip Internet Web Site.............................................. 301

Migrating from other PICmicro Devices ............................ 293

MPLAB ASM30 Assembler, Linker, Librarian ................... 228

MPLAB ICD 2 In-Circuit Debugger ................................... 229

MPLAB ICE 2000 High-Performance Universal

In-Circuit Emulator.................................................... 229

MPLAB Integrated Development Environment Software.. 227

MPLAB PM3 Device Programmer .................................... 229

MPLAB REAL ICE In-Circuit Emulator System ................ 229

MPLINK Object Linker/MPLIB Object Librarian ................ 228

OPCODE Field Descriptions............................................. 217

OPTION Register.......................................................... 37, 83

OSCCON Register.............................................................. 48