Datasheet

PIC16C77X
 1999-2013 Microchip Technology Inc. Advance Information DS30275B-page 107
9.3 USART Synchronous Master Mode
In Synchronous Master mode, the data is transmitted in
a half-duplex manner i.e. transmission and reception
do not occur at the same time. When transmitting data,
the reception is inhibited and vice versa. Synchronous
mode is entered by setting bit SYNC (TXSTA<4>). In
addition enable bit SPEN (RCSTA<7>) is set in order to
configure the RC6/TX/CK and RC7/RX/DT I/O pins to
CK (clock) and DT (data) lines respectively. The Master
mode indicates that the processor transmits the master
clock on the CK line. The Master mode is entered by
setting bit CSRC (TXSTA<7>).
9.3.1 USART SYNCHRONOUS MASTER
TRANSMISSION
The USART transmitter block diagram is shown in
Figure 9-3. The heart of the transmitter is the transmit
(serial) shift register (TSR). The shift register obtains its
data from the read/write transmit buffer register
TXREG. The TXREG register is loaded with data in
software. The TSR register is not loaded until the last
bit has been transmitted from the previous load. As
soon as the last bit is transmitted, the TSR is loaded
with new data from the TXREG (if available). Once the
TXREG register transfers the data to the TSR register
(occurs in one Tcycle), the TXREG is empty and inter-
rupt bit, TXIF (PIR1<4>) is set. The interrupt can be
enabled/disabled by setting/clearing enable bit TXIE
(PIE1<4>). Flag bit TXIF will be set regardless of the
state of enable bit TXIE and cannot be cleared in soft-
ware. It will reset only when new data is loaded into the
TXREG register. While flag bit TXIF indicates the status
of the TXREG register, another bit TRMT (TXSTA<1>)
shows the status of the TSR register. TRMT is a read
only bit which is set when the TSR is empty. No inter-
rupt logic is tied to this bit, so the user has to poll this
bit in order to determine if the TSR register is empty.
The TSR is not mapped in data memory so it is not
available to the user.
Steps to follow when setting up a Synchronous Master
Transmission:
1. Initialize the SPBRG register for the appropriate
baud rate (Section 9.1).
2. Enable the synchronous master serial port by
setting bits SYNC, SPEN, and CSRC.
3. If interrupts are desired, then set enable bit
TXIE.
4. If 9-bit transmission is desired, then set bit TX9.
5. Enable the transmission by setting bit TXEN.
6. If 9-bit transmission is selected, the ninth bit
should be loaded in bit TX9D.
7. Start transmission by loading data to the
TXREG register.
TABLE 9-8 REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH SYNCHRONOUS MASTER TRANSMISSION
Address Name Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0
Value on:
POR,
BOR
Value on all
other Resets
0Ch PIR1
PSPIF
(1)
ADIF RCIF TXIF SSPIF CCP1IF TMR2IF TMR1IF
0000 0000 0000 0000
18h RCSTA SPEN
RX9 SREN CREN ADDEN FERR OERR RX9D
0000 000x 0000 000x
19h TXREG USART Transmit Register
0000 0000 0000 0000
8Ch PIE1
PSPIE
(1)
ADIE RCIE TXIE SSPIE CCP1IE TMR2IE TMR1IE
0000 0000 0000 0000
98h TXSTA CSRC TX9 TXEN SYNC
— BRGH TRMT TX9D
0000 -010 0000 -010
99h SPBRG Baud Rate Generator Register
0000 0000 0000 0000
Legend: x = unknown, - = unimplemented, read as '0'. Shaded cells are not used for Synchronous Master Transmission.
Note 1: Bits PSPIE and PSPIF are reserved on the 28-pin devices, always maintain these bits clear.
774.book Page 107 Tuesday, January 29, 2013 12:02 PM