Specifications

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These batteries on average contain a voltage of 1.2 V, a specific energy of
approximately 70 W*h/kg, and an energy density of 300 W*h/L.
Lithium-ion batteries are most commonly used in consumer electronics such as
portable laptops, mobile cell phones, calculators, thermometers and many other
devices. These batteries carry out a nominal value in voltage from 3.6 to 3.7 V.
Also out of all the other available rechargeable batteries, these are the most
powerful as well as the most expensive in cost. Other great features about this
battery are that it requires little to no maintenance, battery cells can generate
high current, and can provide relatively small amount of discharge. Despite all of
its good advantages there are some limitations that it encounters. Lithium-ion
batteries are very costly to manufacture, requires protection to maintain voltage
and current limits, and it‟s capacity deteriorates after one year but eventually
doesn‟t work in two or three years. If a lithium-ion battery is stored in a cool place
40% of the charge will decrease due to the deterioration process. Other aspects
that describe the lithium-ion batteries are that they have transportation
restrictions are not fully mature because the metals and chemicals inside the
battery change on a regular basis.
Another battery type that is up for consideration for our Senior Design project is
the rechargeable alkaline batteries. These are not the same as the regular
alkaline batteries like Duracell and Energizer that come in different sizes such as
AA, AAA, C, D, and 9 volts. The standard alkaline batteries are not the same as
rechargeable alkaline batteries. The regular alkaline are basically a brand of
primary batteries which means that they don‟t recharge and are therefore
disposable after a certain amount of usage. Some of the benefits that the
rechargeable alkaline batteries offer include affordability, being friendly to the
environment, and provides a minimal self-discharge rate. It also provides the
consumer with a high charge capacity. Applications for the rechargeable alkaline
batteries encompass electronic devices used for radios, TV remote controls,
flashlights, and other entertainment systems. This product also incorporates
minor setbacks. These setbacks include only allowing a low amount of input
current and limited battery life cycle. Limited battery life cycle for a normal
rechargeable alkaline battery occurs when these batteries are discharged to
approximately less than 50% of their entire capacity. When the battery is charged
to less than 50% of its whole capacity, then it can operate at its maximum
efficiency by supplying about 1.32V. A key point to notice with rechargeable
alkaline batteries is that even though they are intended for continual recharges,
the storage capacity that the cell of the battery can hold is decreased.
2.14 HVAC Environmental Factors
HVAC systems have many social and environmental drawbacks. Turning the ac
conditioning on for a long period of time can cause such events such as
blackouts and brownouts, climate change and smog, and social isolation.
Blackouts are also known as power outages which result due to either a short in
the wiring of the electrical network, damage to power lines, or the overloading of