THE MEGATEL QUARK~100 SINGLE BOARD COMPUTER ENTIRE CONTENTS COPYRIGHT MEGATEL COMPUTER TECHNOLOGIES 150 TURBINE DRIVE WESTON, ONTARIO, CANADA M9L 2S2 MA-223010-RO
TABLE OF CONTENTS HARDWARE HIW PAGE MIllER Introduction to the QUARK famiLy of singLe board computers 1 Recommended drives for the MegateL QUARK Recommended monitors for the MegateL QUARK Recommended keyboards for the QUARK Required power suppLy for the QUARK 1 1 MegateL QUARK CPU Overview CPU Memory Management QUARK Boot Mode Memory Mapping QUARK Video DispLay Memory Programming the SAM Registers QUARK Interrupt System ~~ 3 3 5 6 7 7 The QUARK Video DispLay Interfaces Video DispLay Memory ALphanum
SlY PAGE MIllER SOFTWARE Formatting a diskette under the new format Writing the new system on a diskette Booting the new system Transferring files from the Work Diskette Mixed Drive Installations QCERT.COM-The diskette formatting utility Operation of QCERT Standard diskette format QCERT error messages QCERT parameters Interlace Tables QSYSGEN.
Limited Warranty ----------------, ---------------------------All products sold (including software) are under LIMITED WARRANTY on a return to factory basis against defects in workmanship and material for a period of 90 days from the date of shipment. WARRANTY is cont i ngent l4'on proper use of the Product. WARRANTY will not app ly if any repairs are necessary due to accident, unusuaL physicaL, electrical or eLectro-magnetic stress, neglect, misuse, or causes other than ordinary use.
Introduction to the QUARK family of single board microcomputers The QUARK family of microcomputer products comprises a number of high-performance single board computers and support software, all designed and manufactured by Megatel. Quarks are designed to provide a II the work ing funct ions of a basic computer on a single, compact board for the end user, computer OEM and controller markets.
On the QTB-3 there is a 34-pin header denoted by J3. A standard 5.25 inch floppy disk cable will plug into this board in this area and connect directly to the edge connectors of your floppy disk drives. This same 34-pin header is used for connecting 8 inch drives. This can be done by taking a regular 50 pin ribbon cable and replacing the 50-pin female header with a 34-pin female header. Strip away lines 48 through 50 and 1 through 13 to give you the required 34 position cable.
-------,----------------.--------------------------, Using the Megatel QUARK with a television ....-----------------------------_.------..-.-----------------Using a commercially available RF converter the Megatel QUARK can use a black and white televsion as a monitor. As with some of the cheaper composite monitors, this method does not allow the display of a full 80 characters.
Megatel QUARK CPU Overview ------------------------------------ -----,-------------------The Megatel QUARK uses the I80B microprocessor, manufactured by lilog Inc. The 180B clock frequency is 5.97MHz (6.2MHz on 50 Hz models), leading to an execution time of 667ns (645ns on 50 Hz models) for a typical 4-cycle instruction, such as a register-to-register ADD. The main memory of the QUARK is either 64/128/256kbytes in size.
specified would be 0000. Since all logical addresses are greater than or equal to 0000, then the CPU's entire logical address space would be mapped into the physical address space of bank A. If bits 6 and 7 were set and bit 5 were clear (I-register = C0), then logical addresses between gggg and BFFF would be mapped onto physical addresses in bank B, whiLe logicaL addresses equal to or above C000 wouLd be mapped onto physical addresses in bank A.
lower haLf of the logical address space is now mapped into the upper haLf of bank B. With the MAP TYPE bit cleared and the PAGE MODE bit set, it becomes possible to access the otherw ise-hidden upper Bk of bank B. Setting the bank-sw itch boundary to 8000H, as in the description above, forces logical addresses from 0000 to 7FFFhex to be mapped onto physical address in bank B from 8000hex to FFFFhex, a range which includes the hidden Bk.
QUARK Video Display Memory --------,------------------------------,--------------------------------------The size of the Video Display Memory and its location within the 128k Main Memory are under the control of registers in the SAM and by bit 0 of the I-register. Bit 0 of the I-register determines in which memory bank the Video Display Memory is located.
Pnogramming the SAM Registers ---------, The Synchrorous Address Multiplexer (SAM) is an essential part of the CPU, and the Video Display Interface. The Control Registers of the SAM are initia l ized by the Bootstrap PROM after a system reset. It may be necessary at some time to change some of the values in the Registers of the SAM. To allow the user to do this, a special routine is automatically loaded into Page Zero of of the Main Memory.
1793. In order for the 1793 to interrupt the CPU, the CB1 interrupt on the PIA must be enabled for low-to-high transitions on the CB1 pin. The Floppy-disk Controller's Data Request output is set each ti me a byte is ready for the CPU or each time the controller is ready to receive a byte from the CPU. The DRQ output is inverted to drive the 'FJRr input. When transferring data, the DRQ signal wi II go active at a rate proportional to the data transfer rate for the floppy disk drives in use.
The QUARK Video Display Interfaces ----------------- The on-card Video Display Interface is an integral part of the Megatel QUARK~ It is capable of operating in either Alphanumeric or Graphics modes. TTL-driven video, horizontal sync, and vertical sync signals are provided for connection to direct-drive CRT data displays. Additionally, a composite video output at approximately 1V p_p is provided for use with monochrome displays with composite video inputs.
Video Display Memory ,--------------------- The size and location of the Video Display Memory within the Main Memory of the QUARK is under software control through the vaLues stored in the control register of the SAM, as well as by the value in the Z-BOB's I register. The size of the Video Display memory may be set to values between 1k and 32k, although only certain memory sizes are appropriate, as will be expLained below.
The VerticaL Sync frequency is determined by the dispLay mode, the size of the Video Display Memory area, and the master clock frequency. The exact Vertical Sync period is given by tv = (96(n+2) + 88) * te, where n is the number of scan lines being displayed, and te is the period of the e-clock. On the QUARK, this is 670ns.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Bit-mapped Graphics Mode In the Bit-mapped Graphics Mode, the Monochrome Video Display Interface fetches data from the Video Display Memory in exactly the same manner as is used in the Alphanumeric mode. However, instead of this data going to the character generator (together with the three Scan Line Counter bits), the data goes directly to the Video Shift Register.
SAMSEl PIAPA PIACRA PIAPB EQU EQU EQU EQU 0000BH ;ADDRESS OF ROUTINE TO SET/CLEAR SAM BITS 074H 075H 076H i GRAPHICS: DI IN ANI MOV CALL SYNC: LooP1 : ,.
The example and description above assumed that the interrupts were disabled throughout the procedure. It would also be possible to re-enable interrupts after loading the Video Memory starting address and changing the polarity of the CA1 active transition. The next negative transition of the VS signal would generate an interrupt, immediately following which the Graphics mode bit and the V2 bit would be changed, just as in the non-interrupt procedure above.
-----------------,------ Peripheral Interfaces -------, The Megatel QUARK provides a number of parallel and serial 1/0 lines. While some of these lines are intended for use with specific peripherals, such as parallel- or serial-interface printers, many of these 1/0 lines may be used for more general purposes if the intended devices are not being used in a particular application. A discussion of these 1/0 ports follows.
keyboard to the QUARK using the 1/0 lines from Port A of the PIA and Ports A and 8 of the VIA. For such a keyboard the user would include his own keyboard";'scanning routine as part of the CPIM 8IOS. (This software is not provided by Megatel.) The 1/0 address for reading or writing either Port A or Data Direction Register A of the PIA is 74hex. The addresses of the PIA Control Register A is 7Shex. Table Vlld in the Appendix gives the pin connections required for connecting a keyboard to this interface.
order latch (I/O address 68hex) to produce commonly-used baud rates can be found in Table III(a) and III(b) in the Appendix. Jumpers J5 and J6 should not both be installed when attempting to use split baud rates, or the Shift Register output on CB2 will short out the T2generated clock output 00 CB1. To enable this Shift Register Mode, the Auxi liary Control Register (ACR, I/O address 6Bhex) of the VIA must be written with bits 2 and 3 low and bit 4 high.
Summary of Shift Register output modes (ACR-4 = 1) ACR-3 ACR-2 o o o 1 1 o 1 1 Remarks Continuous shifting at T2 rate. Useful for waveform-generation applications. 8 bits only shifted at T2 rate after each SR load. SR Interrupt Flag set after 8 bits shifted. 8 bits only shifted at E-clock rate after each SR load. SR Interrupt Flag set after 8 bits shifted. 8 bits or more shifted at CB1 input rate. SR Interrupt Flag set after 8 bits shifted. Install J3 &J4 for Timer 1 clock to CB1 input.
-----------------------_._-------------------------------------------Summary of Shift Register input modes (ACR-4 = 0) ACR-3 ACR-2 o o o 1 o 1 1 1 Remarks Shift register disabled. 8 bits only shifted in at T2 rate. SR Interrupt Flag set after 8 bits shifted. Shift pulses generated on CB1 during shifting. 8 bits only shifted in at E-clock rate. SR Interrupt Flag set after 8 bits shifted. Shift pulses generated on CB1 during shifting. 8 bits or more shifted at CB1 input rate.
Port (ACIA) or for the Si mplex Serial Port. PB6 is used in the output mode of the Simplex Serial Port as a protocol input line. Neither PB6 nor PB7 are available directly on the QUARK's connector. Note that when the VIA's Port B lines are confi gured as outputs, the value read in Input Register B (I/O address 6Ohex) is the value programmed for the corresponding bit in Output Register B, not the logic level actually present on the output pin of the VIA.
character. The CP/M operating systems distributed with the QUARK generaLLy alLow the "TTY:" or "AUX:" input (the fuLL-dupLex port) to be instaLLed as the consoLe input device. See the Installation maunuaL for more informatio~ SpeciaL I/O functions ,-----------------------------,---- -------------------------------- Some of the controL lines on the PIA are connected internaLly on the QUARK for speciaL functions.
drives. AdditionalLy, a Side Select output (SIDE) is provided for use with double-sided drives. The Select and SIDE outputs are controlled by PBO, 1, 2, 3, and 4 of Port B of the PIA. These lines are initial ized to act as outputs in the Bootstrap PROM routine. The Side Select line or one of the Drive Select lines may be used as a Low Write-current line. Some floppy disk drives require an external control line to reduce the write current to the recording head when writing the inner tracks on the diskette.
The Z8OB's Interrupt input line awn is avai lable on the Peripheral Expansion Bus to allow external devices to generate interrupts to the Z8OB. A power-on reset output (active low) is also provided to reset external peripheral devices. Finally, a decoded active-low chipselect line responding to 1/0 addresses between CO and FF(hex) is created on-board and can be used to select a single external peripheral device, or to qualify the decoding of some of the address lines for several external chip-select lines.
-----------------,----------------------------------------------------------------- Miscellaneous hardware notes for the QUARK ------, ---------------------,--------.-----------------------------, 1. The QUARK component computers use some high-speed bipolar integrated circuits in order to achieve thei r high-performance specifi cations. Some of these parts become very warm in the course of operation. This is perfectly normal, and is no cause for alarm.
----,-----------,---- --------------------------------,_._------------------------------------------------Software for the QUARK The Megatel QUARK is available with an extensive operating system and utility software package. This package, may be ordered on one of the following sets of disk media: -5.25 inch, double--density encoding (MFM), Megatel format 48 tracks per inch, 35 tracks per side, single-sided -5.
The QUARK Operating System An initial operating system is ready to be loaded from the Distribution Diskettes. This operating system is configured by Megatel to operate lJ'lder a "worst-case" system configurationthat is, a hardware configuration consisting of only one single-sided low-performance floppy disk drive, and either a keyboard/CRT console device or a RS-232C terminal.
---_._._.----,-------------------------------_._------------------------------ The Megatel QUARK Software Package Three classes of utility routines and other files are included in the software package for the QUARK. In the following sections those commands and routines which are part of the CP/M operating system, uti Lities written by Megatel specificaLLy for the QUARK, and CP/M Users' Group fi Les are described.
load, or save files, and to examine and modify CPU registers or areas of memory. ED.COM ED is the CP/M line editor. It can be used in the creation of source files to be assembled. ASM.COM ASM is an B080-code assembler. Only 8080 mnemonics are recognized. LOAD.COM LOAD is used to load ".HEX" fi les (such as those produced by the ASM assembler into memory) and produces an executabLe fi Le with the extension II.COM". A restriction on the .
Megatel Utilities and Files The following utilities are written by Megatel and are included on the QUARK Distribution Diskettes. QINSTALL.COM, QINSTALL.MSG CP/M customization/installation utility, and message file. QINSTALL.SUB CP/M submit file containing the commands and files to be executed during the operating system customization and installation procedure. QASETUP.SUB Submit fi le containing the commands and fi les to be executed when an ALPHAM.JMERIC termina l driver is being installed. QGSETUP.
MEMNAGE.ASM Memory management module for the BIOS. ALPHTERM.ASM Alphanumeric terminal emulator. GRPHTERM.ASM Graphics terminal emulator. DFCU.COM, DFCU.MSG Disk format configuration utility and message file which allows the user to reconfigure disk drive formats at run time. On boards with only 64K of RAM this file is not used because the graphics terminal emulation is not available. QCPM.SYS User's CP/M System File, needed by the QINSTALL procedure. CHRLD.COM Character set loader.
-------------.------ ----------------.-------------------_._-----------------_._----- CP/M Users' Group Utilities The folLowing utilities are CPMUG (CP/M Users' Group) utiLities, and have been modified for operation on the QUAR~ DU.COM DU is a disk dump utiLity. SWEEP. COM SWEEP is a fiLe maintenance utiLity. COMPARE. COM UtiLity used to compare two fiLes, byte by byte. GMOD790.COM QMOD790 is a version of MODEM7 configured for use with the QUARK.
-----,-------Installing the Customized ----------.-----------------------------------------------System CP~ -----------------.. _._-------------------------- ,--------------------- To generate a customized CP/M system for the target hardware configuration the following steps should be performed: 1. Make two sets of back-up copies of the Distribution Diskettes. One of these sets of copies wi II be used in the course of the Installation. The other is a back-up copy for security p,Jrposes. 2.
This prompt indi cates that the diskette then in the drive should be removed, and that the "B:" diskette should be inserted. «RET> indicates that the carriage return key should be typed.) When logical drive A: is again accessed, the following prompt will be displayed: Please mount disk A in drive 0, press when ready. At this point, the'S:" diskette should be removed from the drive, and the "A:" diskette (the original diskette) be re-inserted in the drive.
QCERT will indicate the number of tracks and sectors used in the format in the space indi cated by ................... . When QCERT is complete, the follow ing prompt wi LL appear, to whi ch the user should reply by typing the return key to re-boot the operating system, or by typing any other key to format another di skette. ****** HIT RETURN to Reboot, any other key to restart The user shouLd format extra diskettes using QCERT.
Running the QINSTALL procedure This section should not be attempted without having made additional copies of the Distribution Disks. To run the QINSTALL procedure, specifications for the floppy disk drives to be used should at hand The QINSTALL program will require some information regarding the characteristics of the disk drives in order to provide a nearly-optimal implementation of CP/M.
The first procedure invoked by QINSTAL~SUB will display the following message: SYSTEM INSTALLATION PROGRAM Version 2.23 Please select option A, B, or C to enter the CP/M system's configuration for your MEGATEL QUARK. When you have completed the configurations, select option D to continue with the installation procedure or select option X to abort. If option D is selected, all user input will be saved in QSYS.DAT, and will be used as defaults for the next installation run.
Stepping rate mode 1. Use hardware stepping rate 2. Use software stepping rate Enter If hardware stepping rate 5.25 inch 8 inch 1. 6 ms 3 ms 2. 10 ms 6 ms 3. 15 ms 10 ms 4. 30 ms 15 ms ENTER - If software stepping rate 5.25 inch 8 inch 1. 2 ms 1 ms 2. 4 ms 2 ms 3. 6 ms 3 ms 4. 8 ms 4 ms ENTER - Motor start time Minimum of 0.1 Maximum of 1000 Enter 'X' if the in milliseconds msec msec above is not required ENTER - Enter the time required for the disk drive to come up to full speed.
Delay between drive selects in msec. Minimum of 0.1 msec Maximum of 1000 msec. Enter 'X, if the above is not required ENTER Tunnel erase delay in milliseconds Minimum of 0.1 msec Maximum of 10 msec ENTER The write head must not be allowed to move from track to track unless the tunnel erase is turned off following a disk write operation. The "Tunnel-erase delay" is the time required for the drive to turn off the tumel erase after a write operation. This completes the queries for drive ''0''.
LOGICAL DRIVE A FORMAT Define drive to be the same as 1. Drive A 2. Drive B 3. Drive C 4. Drive D 5. IBM 3740 format 6. KAYPRO II 7. MEGATEL 5.25" 48 TPI (CP/M 8. MEGATEL 5.25" 96 TPI (CP/M (CP/M 9. MEGATEL 8" 10. MEGATEL 5.25" 48 TPI (CP/M 11. MEGATEL 5.25" 96 TPI (CP/M (CP/M 12. MEGATEL 8" 13. To be defined ENTER - 2.23) 2.23) 2.23) 2.22) 2.22) 2.22) You can make logical drive A through D to be same as any of the above formats, or you can define your own format.
Number of physical sectors per track Mininum of 1 Maximun of 48 ENTER - The physical sector is the lXlit of data read or written by the floppy disc controller. following table shows the estimated by ted per track available: The ---R-e-co-r-d-i-ng-m"-e-th-od-"-------8-i-n-ch--5-.-2'-5-i-n-c-h-1 ;;;;:;;;==--====----===----=====---...
This 1. 2. 3. 4. logical drive is selected by SEL 0 SEL 1 SEL 2 sa ENTER - 3 Do you wish to alLocate additionaL BIOS memory for this drive 1. Yes 2. No ENTER - The special utility DFCU alLows the user to reconfigure a logical drive format at run time.
LST: List 1. TTY: 2. CRT: 3. LPT: 4. UL1: ENTER - device output to The full-duplex serial port Memory mapped crt The Centronics parallel printer port The simplex serial port List device end-of-line to next-line delay Maximum of 255 NULLS Enter 'X, if the above is not required ENTER Some printers require that there be a delay between sending a carriage return character to the printer and the transmission of the next printable character.
graphics emulation mode is not impLemented if you have a 64k board. Number of rows for the DISPLAY screen Enter 'X' if the above is not required ENTER Number of rows for the MAIN screen Enter 'X' if the above is not required ENTER Number of rows for the STATUS screen Enter 'x' if the above is not required ENTER If the alphanumeric mode is chosen 1. Enable the clock display 2. Disable the clock display ENTER If the clock displayed is enabled 1. DispLay at top Left corner 2.
Second Installation procedure The second part of the Installation procedure requires another submit to be executed. The submit to be executed is dependent on the mode chosen for the video output. If the alphanumeric mode is to be used then QASETUP.SUB is used. If the graphics mode is to be used QGSETUP.SUB is executed.
SELECT LOGICAL DRIVE TO BE DEFINED 1. DRIVE A 2. DRIVE B 3. DRIVE C 4. DRIVE D 5. Return to main menu ENTER -2 LOGICAL DRIVE B FORMAT Define drive to be the same as 1. DRIVE A 2. DRIVE B 3. DRIVE C 4. DRIVE D 5. IBM 3740 format 6. KAYPRO II 7. MEGATEL 5.25" 48 TPI (CP/M 8. MEGATEL 5.25" 96 TPI (CP/M (CP/M 9. MEGATEL 8" 10. MEGATEL 5.25" 48 TPI (CP/M 11. MEGATEL 5.25" 96 TPI (CP/M (CP/M 12. MEGATEL 8" 13. To be defined ENTER -1 2.23) 2.23) 2.23) 2.22) 2.22) 2.22) This logical drive is selected by 1.
It is also important to ensure that while the temporary system is resident and before the user's customized operating system has been written to the ''8'' diskette that only the "An drive be accessed. If the user attempts to read from any other logi cal drives, and a properlyformatted diskette is not inserted, an error would result and the QUARK system would have to be reset, resulting in the loss of the temporary system.
By specifying QCPR.SYS, QSYSGEN wi II read the fi le QCPM.SYS from drive A: and write the file onto the system tracks of the diskette in drive C:. The file QCPM.SYS was created in the Installation procedure. QSYSGEN waits for the proper disk to be inserted, after which the user types a carriage return to start the system generation process.
_____________________ ._0_..._.____________________________..-.._____________________________~__.. Booting the new system To verify that the new CP/M system can be properLy Loaded, insert the new system diskette into the "A:" drive, and reset the QUARK system. If the system operates properLy, the new system wi LL be loaded and the "AD>" prompt wi II be displayed on the screen.
QCERT.COM - The diskette formatting utility------------------- ---------------------------- ------------------,-----------------------------------,---- QCERT is a diskette formatting program supplied on one of the QUARK distribution diskettes. QCERT allows new or existing diskettes to be formatted. After formatting a diskette, QCERT also checks the format that has just been written by reading back every sector.
QCERT Error Messages The following list describes all the error messages that may appear during the operation of QCERT.COM. Speed Error - x MS. per revolution This error indicates that QCERT has detected that the rotational speed of the diskette is not within the requi red range. This is probably a hardware fault in the disk drive and should be corrected. ERROR - Cannot write physical track n This indicates that QCERT was not successful in writing track number "n".
------------------,------------~---~-----~ QSYSGEN.COM - The System Generation Utility ,____________ '_ _n__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ QSYSGEN is a uti l ity routine used to put a system image on the system tracks of a given logical drive. QSYSGEN does not destroy or alter any fi les on the destination diskette, as only the system tracks of the destination diskette are written.
QSYSGEN - PATCHABLE PARAMETERS ---------,----------------------------------------A table in QSYSGEN can be patched to resequence the system image when writting to the system tracks, or resequence the track image when reading to memory.
DFCU.COM - The Disk Format Configuration Utility The DFCU program is very similar in function as the QINSTALL program with the following similarities and differences. SIMILARITIES 1. Both use the same input data structure and ask the same questions for the physical and logical drive definitions. 2. Both serves to change system confiqurations. DIFFERENT 1. QINSTALL patches source fi les, DFCU patches memory to configure a drive. configuration is temporary. 2.
------------.---------------------------_._._-------.----------Softwa~ for the Video Display Interface .----------------------_._------.---------------------------------------------The uti l ity routine CHRLD.cOM, suppl ied on the distribution diskettes, is used to load a character set for either the alphanumeric or graphic display drivers which are part of the QUARK operating system. In case of alphanumeric terminal emulation, CHRLD.
Changing Character Set Loaded at Cold-boot -------, The following procedure shows how to change the character font loaded at cold-boot time. A>DDT4 QCPM.SYS IIICHR.DAT IIR4DOO IIGO A>SAVE 85 TQCPM.SYS A>QSYSGEN 11lCPM.SYS DESTINATION DISK ON DRIVE A A> CHRED.COM - The Character Set Editor The Character Set Editor utility CHRED~OM is included on the Distribution Diskettes. It can be used to modify existing character sets, or to create new ones.
QTCONFIG.COM - Terminal Code configuration utility The purpose of this uti Uty is to allow the user to change the terminal control codes used by the terminal driver. QTCONFIG allows the standard Megatel control codes, the user's own set of codes, or the set of control codes used a"l a Televideo 920 terminal. To run this uti l ity the user should enter: A>QTCONFI6 The screen will now display: Terminal Emulation Utility Verse 3.01 1. 2. 3.
ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS --- -----------------.-.---~ Parameter Master clock frequency Zao8 clock frequency Z80B T-state period E-clock frequency Write-precompensation: 8-inch drives 5.25 inch drives HorizontaL sync frequency Horizontal sync period H-sync puLse-width HorizontaL sync poLarity V-sync pulse-width Vertical sync poLarity Length of Video data Percentage line utiLization Video output ampLitude H-sync output ampLitude V-sync output ampLitude 60Hz modeLs ---_. 50Hz models units 24.80000 6.
TABLE I 1/0 ADDRESSES AND FUNCTIONS FOR THE QUARK I/O DEVICE & ADDRESS REGISTER FUNCTION (READ I WRITE) --------------------------------"--------------------,----,--------------------00-3F Character generator 40-SE 1/0 alias SF Special procedure must invoked to write be Not recommended for use Parallel printer output port -VIA CA1: parallel printer Acknowledge input -VIA CA2: parallel printer Data Strobe output ----_.
TABLE I 1/0 ADDRESSES AND FUNCTIONS FOR THE QUARK (CONTINUED) 1/0 DEVICE & ADDRESS REGISTER FUNCTION (READ I WRITE) --------------------------------,-------------------------------------------- 74 75 76 77 PIA PA or DDRA Peripheral reg A or data direction reg A -PAO-7: 8-bit encoded keyboard input or general-purpose 1/0 lines CRA Control register A -CA1: Vertical Sync interrupt input -CA2: External interrupt input, or keyboard strobe, or bell output PB or DDRB Peripheral reg B or data direction reg B
TABLE I I/O ADDRESSES AND FUNCTIONS FOR THE QUARK (CONTINUED) I/O DEVICE & ADDRESS REGISTER FUNCTION (READ / WRITE) 98 LAN INTERRUPT (Q/200 only) LAN interrupt status/control register -status reg bit 7=1: LAN interrupt pending -control reg bit 7=1: LAN interrupts enabled -control reg bit 7=0: LAN interrupts disabled -writing to this port clears LAN interrupt 99-BF I/O alias Not recommended for use. CD-FF User /CS output Active low output on pin A-14 of the ESIC connector.
TABLE lIb TIMER-1 BAUD RATES FOR FULL-DUPLEX INTERFACE - 60HZ VERSION BAUD RATE DIVIDE BY 1 VALUE (HEX) ERROR 19200 9600 7200 4800 3600 2400 1800 1200 600 300 150 134.5 110 75 50 * 37 76 102 154 20S 309 413 620 1241 2484 4969 5542 6m 9941 14912 ----- 0025 004C 0066 009A OOCD 0135 019D 026C O4D9 09B4 1369 15A6 1A79 26D5 3A40 .23% -.10 -.18 -.26 .19 -.02 -.12 -.06 .03 -.01 .01 .01 .00 .00 .00 DIVIDE BY 16 VALUE (HEX) ERROR ---_ .. _- 1 3 5 8 B 18 24 37 76 154 309 345 422 620 930 0001-11.
TABLE IlIa TIMER-2 BAUD RATES FOR AULL-DUPLEX RECEIVER IN SPLIT BAUD MODE - 50HZ VERSION BAUD RATE -------- 19200 9600 7200 4800 3600 2400 1800 1200 600 300 150 134.5 110 75 50 DIVIDE BY 1 VALUE (HEX) ERROR 38 79 106 159 213 26 .91 4F -.33 6A -.33 9F .28 D5 .12 --1 01 -15.61 3 5 8 11 18 25 38 79 159 321 358 438 .91 03 05 -3.89 08 CB 12 19 26 4F 9F .91 3.89 .91 -.33 .91 -.33 .28 DIVIDE BY 64 VALUE (HEX) ERROR 0* 0* 0* 1* 1 3 5 8 18 38 79 88 108 159 240 644 967 recorrrnended.
2. For the split baud rate mode, J3 must be opened and J4 closed. Timer 1 is used to generate a square wave on PB7, the frequency of which determines the Full-duplex port transmitter baud rate. (Use the values given in Table II for these transmitter baud rates). With the Shift Register in the free-running output mode,. the receiver clock frequency is determined by Timer 2. -_._---,------------- '..-..---------------------- ,-_._---------------._-----'-.
3. where fE is the frequency of the E-clock and N is the value in the Timer 2 latch. Connectlng jumpers J3 and J4 will connect the PB7 I/O line from the VIA to the CB1 control line of the VIA. This allows Timer 1, normally used to generate the transmit and receive clocks for the full-duplex serial port, to generate the simplex serial port clock as well. However, split baud rates on the full-duplex channel are not possible when Timer 1 is used in this way.
TABLE VI SUGGESTED VALUES FOR THE SAM CONTROL REGISTER MODE fVERT 60Hz 60Hz 60Hz 60Hz 60Hz 60Hz 60Hz 50Hz 50Hz 50Hz 50Hz 50Hz 50Hz 50Hz ALPHA ALPHA ALPHA ALPHA GRAPHICS GRAPHICS GRAPHICS ALPHA ALPHA ALPHA ALPHA GRAPHICS GRAPHICS GRAPHICS ------- F6 F5 F4 F3 F2 F1 Fa VIDEO MEMORY ADDRESS RANGE a a 1 1 a 0 1 0 a 1 1 0 a 1 a 1 a 1 a 1 a 0 1 a 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 a a 0 0 0 a 0 a 0 a a a a a a a 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 a a a a a 0 a 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 300
TABLE VII QUARK PIN CONNECTIONS AND FUNCTIONS (CONTINUED) PIN GROUP DESCRIPTION A-18 A-19 A-20 A-21 A-22 A-23 A-24 A-25 A-26 A-27 A-28 A-29 A-30 A-31 A-32 DISK DISK DISK P1 P1 P1 EXP BUS EXP BUS EXP BUS EXP BUS EXP BUS FLOPPY RESERVED POWER POWER Write gate output to floppy disk drive (active low) Floppy disk drive side select (active low) Ground PIA PA2 parallel 1/0 line (KBD2) PIA PA4 paralleL 1/0 line (KBD4) PIA PA6 parallel 1/0 line- (KBD6) Ground lSOB data busD1 laoB data bus D7 ZSOB data bus D6 Z
TABLE VII QUARK PIN CONNECTIONS AND FUNCTIONS (CONTINUED) PIN GROUP C-1 C-2 C-3 C-4 C-S C-6 C-7 C-8 C-9 C-10 C-11 C-12 C-13 C-14 C-15 C-16 C-17 C-18 C-19 C-20 C-21 C-22 C-23 C-24 C-25 C-26 C-27 C-28 C-29 C-30 C-31 C-32 CRT FULL-DUP FULL-DUP FULL-DUP CRT P3 P3 P3 PAR PTR PAR PTR PAR PTR PAR PTR PAR PTR EXP BUS EXP BUS DISK DISK DISK DISK DISK P1 P1 P1 EXP BUS EXP BUS EXP BUS EXP BUS EXP BUS DISK RESERVED RESET POWER 1. 2. 3. 4. S. 6. 7. 8.
TABLE VIII QUARK PERIPHERAL CONNECTIONS ------TABLE VIlla FULL-DUPlEX PORT CONNECTIONS DB-25S PIN (MODEM) .-~----- DB-25S PIN (TERMINAL) FUNCTION QUARK PIN 1 2 3 4 5 1 3 2 5 4 20 7 6 6 7 20 PROT GND Tx DATA Rx DATA RTS CTS DSR GROUND DTR REMARKS -----(Opt) Chassis ground Twist with ground wire Twist with ground wire A-3 C-2 B-3 C-4 B-4 A-5 C-3 Ground ---- Notes: 1.
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 8-19 SEL 0 GROUND SEL C-19 1 GROUND sa 2 GROUND MOTOR ON GROUND DIRECTION GROUND STEP GROUND WRITE DATA GROUND WRITE GATE GROUND TRACK 00 GROUND WRITE PROTECT GROUND READ DATA GROUND SIDE GROUND SPARE RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED All disk drive lines are active low.
GROUND SEL 1 GROUND SEL 2 GROUND SEL 3 GROUND DIRECTION GROUND STEP GROUND WRITE DATA GROUND WRITE GATE GROUND TRACK 00 GROUND WRITE PROTECT GROUND READ DATA GROUND SEP DATA GROUND SEP CLK 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 C-19 C-18 B-18 C-17 A-17 A-16 C-20 B-20 A-18 B-29 C-29 C-16 B-16 ---~- Notes: 1. Pin numbers in the above table refer to standard edge connector pin numbers for an 8-inch floppy disk drive.
TABLE VlIlg COMPOSITE VIDEO DATA DISPLAY MONITOR CONNECTIONS FUNCTION QUARK PIN Video input on monitor C-S Signal ground on monitor A-1 REMARKS The video output from the QUARK can be twisted with a ground wire. -----,------------------------------- ,----_.--- _ _ _ _ _ _,_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ u _____ _ TABLE Vlllh ANALOG RGB COLOUR DISPLAY MONITOR CONNECTIONS FUNCTION QUARK PIN REMARKS --------,----- ----- ---------------------------------.
TABLE X TERMINAL CONTROL CODES -------------------------------,---- This table gives the hexidecimal values to be sent to the Quark's Terminal Emulator (or video driver) to perform the various functions it supports. The "Megatel codes are the codes recognized by the terminal emulator used with any of the distributed operating systems. These codes will be the control codes used in aLL instalLed operating systems when the are first booted. QTCONFIG (see below) can be used to change the control codes used.
CLear to End of Line (incLudes character at cursor position) 1B 15 1B 54 CLear to End of Page 1B (incLudes characters at or right of cursor position) 16 18 59 Cursor Addressing (see note 1 for order of co-ord i nates) 1B 3D 18 3D Cursor On 1B 11 1B 11 Cursor Off 1B 12 18 12 Insert Line 1B 13 18 45 DeLete Line 1B 14 18 52 Use STATUS screen 1B 17 18 17 Use MAIN screen 1B 18 18 18 Use DISPLAY screen 1B 10 18 1D No-Check Mode Off 1B (interprets controL codes) 09
2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. For instance, if the x-co-ordinate is outside the range 0 to 80, the cursor will be left at the left edge of the screen at the line specified by the y-co-ordinate. Bit 7 of the address bytes is ignored, offsets of 8OCHEX) do not change the address value. Some language processors will not properly address column 9 or line 9 when using the Cursor Address facility, because they automatically expand a "09" code into a TAB, and insert several spaces.
TITLE' ~ROM 'QUARK B09TSTRAP FOR EPROM BOOT •• VER 1.0 APRIL 3/85' i iQUARK BOOTSTRAP PROM FOR EPROM BOOT i. -COPYRIGHT (C) 1985 MEGATEL COMPUTER TECHNOLOGIES A DIVISION OF F. & K. MANUFACTURING CO. ,LIMITED 150 TURBINE DRIVE WESTON, ONTARIO M9L 2S2 I, ; ; ·, ·i-APRIL ',, I,: \ VERSION 1.0 , -TAKEN FROM: QUARK BOOTSTRAP PROM VER 1.5 -WILL READ THE FIRST 256 BYTES OF EPROM TO LOCATION 80 HEX AND THEN PASS CONTROL TO CODE AT 80 HEX. B.
REPT '?XO-'?XC DB ENDM I ° ENDIF ENDM ORG DI IMI JMP 'DW ° iINIT INTERRUPTS START VERSION i ENDSPACE $, OBH THIS CODE IS OVERLAID IN MEMORY/ROM :i i SECTION FOR ROUTINE TO TALK :'TO SAM, REGISTERS ;GO :TO BOOT MODE TO GET TO SAM REGISTERS ;SHOULD COME OUT TO JR I3H ~NOTE: ROOM FOR RST VEC~OR ORG OBH MOV. .
, JMP 200H I' JMP 200H DCR JNZ C RESET4 LXI LXI LXI H, SAMBITS ' D,OFFOOH B,1040H MOV DAD A C H I 1 RESET3 : i' ., I ;GET SAM INITIALIZATION SAMINIT: ---.,,-.~- ...... .,.....,--.. ,~!I. ..
F r rrr 'itt±. t INR MOV DCR MOV STA JMP T n',' 7 ' - r t~~ L M,A L M,A OFF9AH RESET u\; rr C'tIr.( h:i&"4 J 1 . 'EQU $1 ENDSPACE CEND2 ~ND2 ORG 300H ; SCREEN: "rr""~'-~· ~~-MVI--·-r"-··7i\..;-{}e-$'O·0t) 0 0 $IB ; 25 6-K SYSTEM SET USER BANKTQ.._O_,, __...____. ~_....____.___. __..
, MOVETABLE: DB DW DB DW DB DW DB DW . DW dw DB . 't; ;SAM INTERFACE OCH ~ OBH,OBH (EBOOTEND-EBOOT) AND OFFH ; READ IN EPROM BOOT,EBOOT ;CHARACTER LOADER, MAXIMUM '48 BYTES: 30H ;DESTINATION TS SECOND HOLE IN VDM ' CHARLD,XCHARLD (XENDFL-EBOOTFL) AND OEFH ;BOOT FAIL BOOTFL,EBOOTFL OFFOOH,EBOOTFL 038h,ebootf1 OFFH ;END OF TABLE : l ,I I I I , .
.lNr fi DCR RZ E i iFINISH COUNT DOWN TO COMPLETE 96 CHAR COUNT ONTDWN: CNTDWN MVI A,21 EQU OCR JNZ JR $-XCHARLD+CHARLD A CNTDWN XHSLOOP i ,.
