DiamondMax 10 80/100/120/160/200/250/300GB Serial ATA February 16, 2006 Part Number: 000001914
©February 16, 2006, Maxtor Corporation. All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A. This publication could include technical inaccuracies or typographical errors. Changes are periodically made to the information herein – which will be incorporated in revised editions of the publication. Maxtor may make changes or improvements in the product(s) described in this publication at any time and without notice. UL/CSA/VDE/TUV/RoHS UL standard 1954 recognition granted under File No. E146611 CSA standard C22.
Maxtor®, MaxFax® are registered trademarks of Maxtor Corporation, registered in the U.S.A. and other countries. Maxtor DiamondMax 10, AutoTransfer, AutoRead, AutoWrite, DisCache, DiskWare, Defect Free Interface, and WriteCache are trademarks of Maxtor Corporation. All other brand names or trademarks are the property of their manufacturers.
Before You Begin Thank you for your interest in Maxtor Serial ATA hard disk drives. This manual provides technical information for OEM engineers and systems integrators regarding the installation and use of Maxtor Serial ATA hard drives. Please do not remove or cover up Maxtor factory-installed drive labels. They contain information required should the drive ever need repair. Drive repair should be performed only at an authorized repair center.
Table of Contents Table of Content Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 MAXTOR CORPORATION ................................................................................ 1-1 AUDIENCE ............................................................................................................. 1-1 MANUAL ORGANIZATION................................................................................ 1-2 TERMINOLOGY AND CONVENTIONS ...........................................................
Table of Contents 3.8 FOR SYSTEMS WITH A MOTHERBOARD ATA/SATA ADAPTER................ 3-20 3.8 FOR SYSTEMS WITH AN ATA ADAPTER BOARD ....................................... 3-20 3.8.1 Adapter Board Installation ............................................................................... 3-20 3.9 TECHNIQUES IN DRIVE CONFIGURATION ................................................ 3-23 3.9.1 The 528-Megabytes Barrier ............................................................................ 3-23 3.9.
List of Figures Figure 3-1 Figure 3-2 Figure 3-3 Figure 3-4 Figure 3-5 Figure 3-6 Figure 3-7 Figure 3-8 Figure 3-9 Figure 3-10 DiamondMax 10 Serial ATA Hard Drive Dimensions ...................................3-1 Single-Pack Shipping Container ....................................................................3-3 20-Pack Shipping Container .........................................................................3-4 Data Transfer Rate Jumper Pin Options .....................................................
Table of Contents List of Tables Table 3-1 Table 3-2 Table 5-1 Table 5-2 Device plug connector pin definition ................................................................... 3-9 Logical Addressing Format................................................................................... 3-24 Supported Commands........................................................................................... 5-2 Identify Drive Command Parameters .................................................................
Table of Contents viDiamondMax 10 80/100/120/160/200/250/300GB Serial ATA
Introduction Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Maxtor Corporation Maxtor corporation is one of the world’s largest suppliers of hard disk drive productsproducts that help store the digital world for millions of users.
Introduction 1.3 MANUAL ORGANIZATION This manual is organized into the following chapters: • Chapter 1 – Introduction • Chapter 2 – General Description • Chapter 3 – Installation • Chapter 4 – Product Specifications • Chapter 5 – ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands • Chapter 6 – Service and Support • Appendix A – Breaking the 137-Gigabyte Storage Barrier 1.4 TERMINOLOGY AND CONVENTIONS In the Glossary at the back of this manual, you can find definitions for many of the terms used in this manual.
Introduction • Mb/s megabits per second • MB/s megabytes per second • MHz megahertz • ms milliseconds • MSB most significant bit • mV millivolts • ns nanoseconds • PC Personal Computer • SATA serial ATA interface • SPS shock protection system • tpi tracks per inch • µs microseconds • V volts The typographical and naming conventions used in this manual are listed below. Conventions that are unique to a specific table appear in the notes that follow that table.
Introduction • Host: In general, the system in which the drive resides is referred to as the host. • Computer Voice: This refers to items you type at the computer keyboard. These items are listed in 10-point, all capitals, Courier font. An example is FORMAT C:/S. 1.5 REFERENCES For additional information about the ATA interface, refer to the latest revision of the draft standard on the internet at http://www.t13.
General Description Chapter 2 GENERAL DESCRIPTION This chapter summarizes the general functions and key features of the DiamondMax 10 80/100/120/160/200/250/300GB Serial ATA hard disk drives, as well as the applicable standards and regulations. 2.1 PRODUCT OVERVIEW Maxtor’s DiamondMax 10 Serial ATA hard disk drives are part of a family of high performance, 1-inch-high hard disk drives manufactured to meet the highest product quality standards.
General Description • Reduced pin count enables RAID scalability • Complete software and driver transparent with Serial ATA • Point-to-Point host to device connection • Low voltages • Interface power control features • East installation/configuration (plug/play, no jumpers, no external terminators) • Command optimization • Native command queuing using first party DMA Performance • Average seek time of <9.0 ms • Average rotational latency of 4.
General Description Versatility • Power saving modes • Downloadable firmware • Ability to daisy-chain two drives on the interface 2.3 REGULATORY COMPLIANCE STANDARDS Maxtor Corporation’s disk drive products meet all domestic and international product safety regulatory compliance requirements. Maxtor’s disk drive products conform to the following specifically marked Product Safety Standards: • Underwriters Laboratories (UL) Standard 1950. This certificate is a category certification pertaining to all 3.
General Description 2-4 DiamondMax 10 80/100/120/160/200/250/300GB Serial ATA
Installation Chapter 3 INSTALLATION This chapter explains how to unpack, configure, mount, and connect the Maxtor DiamondMax 10 80/100/120/160/200/250/300GB Serial ATA hard disk drive prior to operation. It also explains how to start up, format, and operate the drive. 3.1 SPACE REQUIREMENTS The DiamondMax 10 hard disk drives are shipped without a faceplate. Figure 3-1 shows the external dimensions of the DiamondMax 10 80/100/120/160/200/250/ 300 Serial ATA hard drives.
Installation 3.2 UNPACKING INSTRUCTIONS CAUTION: The maximum limits for physical shock can be exceeded if the drive is not handled properly. Special care should be taken not to bump or drop the drive. It is highly recommended that Maxtor DiamondMax 10 SATA drives are not stacked or placed on any hard surface after they are unpacked. Such handling could cause media damage. 1. Grounded wrist straps should be worn when opening the ESD bag. 2.
Installation Figure 3-2 shows the shipping container for a single DiamondMax 10 Serial ATA hard disk drive. Figure 3-3 shows the shipping container for a 20 pack of Maxtor DiamondMax 10 Serial ATA hard drives. Always save the packing materials in case you have to return the product.
Installation Figure 3-3 20-Pack Shipping Container 3.3 Hardware Options 3.3.1 SATA (Serial ATA) Interface Connector The Maxtor DiamondMax 10 80/100/120/160/200/250/300GB Serial ATA hard disk drive ships with 2 no connect (NC) pins for the purpose of storing a jumper when not in use. For normal operations, no action is necessary. However, if your motherboard does not support the Gen.
Installation Figure 3-4 Data Transfer Rate Jumper Pin Options Figure 3-5 Serial ATA Interface Connector DiamondMax 10 80/100/120/160/200/250/300GB Serial ATA 3-5
Installation 3.3.2 SATA BUS ADAPTER There are two ways you can configure a system to allow the DiamondMax 10 hard disk drives to communicate over the Serial ATA bus of an IBM or IBM-compatible PC: 1. Connect the drive to a Serial ATA bus connector on the motherboard of the PC. 2. Install an IDE-compatible adapter board in the PC, and connect the drive to the adapter board. Some PC motherboards have a built in Serial ATA bus connector.
Installation Table 3-1 Device plug connector pin definition Signal segment S1 Ground 2nd Mate S2 A+ Differential signal pair A from Phy S3 A- S4 Ground 2nd Mate S5 B- Differential signal pair B from Phy S6 B+ S7 Ground 2nd Mate Signal Segemnt “L” Central Connector Polarizer Power Segment “L” Power segment P1 P2 P3 P4 Ground 1st mate P5 Ground 2nd mate P6 Ground 2nd mate P7 V5 5V power, pre-charge, 2nd mate P8 V5 5V power P9 V5 5V power P10 Ground 2nd mate P11 Stag
Installation All pins are in a single row, with a 1.27 mm (.050”) pitch. • The comments on the mating sequence in Table 3-1 apply to the case of backplane blindmate connector only. In this case, the mating sequences are: (1) the ground pins P4 and P12; (2) the pre-charge power pins and the other ground pins; and (3) the signal pins and the rest of the power pins. • There are three power pins for each voltage. One pin from each voltage is used for precharge in the backplane blind-mate situation.
Installation Figure 3-6 Mounting Dimensions DiamondMax 10 80/100/120/160/200/250/300GB Serial ATA 3-9
Installation 3-10 DiamondMax 10 80/100/120/160/200/250/300GB Serial ATA
Installation Figure 3-7 Mounting Screw Clearance’s for the DiamondMax 10 SATA Disk Drive CAUTION: The PCB is very close to the mounting holes. Do not exceed the specified length for the mounting screws. The specified screw length allows full use of the mounting hole threads, while avoiding damaging or placing unwanted stress on the PCB. Figure 3-10 specifies the minimum clearance between the PCB and the screws in the mounting holes.
Installation drive controller, install the adapter board. Again, make sure that you have set all jumper straps on the adapter board to avoid addressing and signal conflicts. 3.4.1.1 Connecting the Motherboard and the Drive 1. Locate an available Serial ATA (SATA) port on your motherboard or on a SATA PCI card and plug in one end of the SATA interface cable. 2. Locate the SATA port on the rear of the hard drive and plug in the SATA interface cable as shown in Figure 3-9. 3.
Installation Figure 3-10 Completing the Drive Installation DiamondMax 10 80/100/120/160/200/250/300GB Serial ATA 3-13
Installation 3.5 Before you Start Unlike standard ATA drives, Serial ATA drives do not require the use of jumpers to configure the drive. Use the following URL to obtain the latest information and software updates.www.maxtor.com/en/support/products/ Use the drop-down boxes to locate the type of information you need. 3.6 TECHNIQUES IN DRIVE CONFIGURATION 3.6.
Installation Whenever possible the Maxtor DiamondMax 10 80/100/120/160/200/250/300GB Serial ATA drive should be used on systems with BIOS that support Int 13 extensions. If that is not possible the following are some techniques that can be used to overcome this barrier: • Use a third party software that supplements the BIOS and adds Int 13 extension support. • Obtain a BIOS upgrade from the system board manufacturer.
Installation Table 3-2 Logical Addressing Format MODELS INTERFAC E CYL HD SPT MAX LBA CAPACITY 6B080M0 6L080M0 (RoHS) SATA 150 8 MB Buffer 16,383 16 63 160,086,528 80GB 6B100M0 6L100M0 (RoHS) SATA 150 8 MB Buffer 16,383 16 63 195,813,072 100GB 6B120M0 6L120M0 (RoHS) SATA 150 8 MB Buffer 16,383 16 63 240,121,728 120GB 6B160M0 6L160M0 (RoHS) SATA 150 8 MB Buffer 16,383 16 63 320,173,056 160GB 6B200M0 6L200M0 (RoHS) SATA 150 8 MB Buffer 16,383 16 63 398,297,088 200GB
Product Specifications Chapter 4 PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS 4.1 Models and Capacities MODELS Formatted Capacity (GB LBA Mode) 6B080M0 6L080M0 (ROHS) 6B100M0 6L100M0 (ROHS) 6B120M0 6L120M0 (ROHS) 6B160M0 6L160M0 (ROHS) 6B200M0 6L200M0 (ROHS) 6B250S0 6L250S0 (ROHS) 6B300S0 6L300S0 (ROHS) 80GB 100GB 120GB 160GB 200GB 250GB 300GB GB means 1 billion bytes. Total accessible capacity varies depending on operating environment. 4.
Product Specifications MODELS 80GB 100GB 120GB Areal Density (Gbits/ in2 max, ID/ OD) 160GB 200GB ID = 728 OD = 624 Track Density (ktpi) 95 ktpi Performance Specifications MODELS 80GB 100GB 120GB 160GB Seek Times (typical read, ms) Track-to-Track Average (normal seek) Full Stroke (normal seek) 0.8 ≤ 9.0 < 20.0 Average Latency (ms) 4.18 Controller Overhead (ms) < 0.3 Rotation Speed (RPM ±0.
Product Specifications MODELS 80GB 100GB Data Buffer Size (MB)/Type 160GB 200GB 8 MB 250GB 300GB 16MB < 8.0 Drive Ready Time (typical sec) 4.4 120GB Physical Dimensions PARAMETER VALUE Height (maximum in mm) 26.10 Width (typical mm) 101.6 Depth (maximum in mm) Weight (maximum in grams) 5.787 in. max/147.
Product Specifications 4.5 Power Requirements (Avg) 1 and 2 Disks MODE 12V (mA) 5V (mA) POWER (w) Spin-up (peak) 1778 749 25.1 Seek 86.3 699 13.9 Read/Write 524 761 10.1 Idle 324 284 5.3 Standby 50 284 2.0 Sleep 50 284 2.0 4.5.1 Power Requirements (Avg) 3 Disk MODE 12V (mA) 5V (mA) POWER (W) Spin-up (peak) 1812 741 25.5 Seek 919 693 14.5 Read/Write 634 752 11.4 Idle 448 279 6.7 Standby 49 279 2.0 Sleep 125 282 2.9 4.5.
Product Specifications 4.6 Power Mode Definitions Spin-up The drive is spinning up following initial application of power and has not yet reached full speed. Seek A random access operation by the drive. Read/Write Data is being read from or written to the drive. Idle The drive is spinning, the actuator is parked and powered off and all other circuitry is powered on. The drive is capable of responding to read commands within 40 ms. Standby The motor is not spinning.
Product Specifications 4.8 Environmental Limits PARAMETER Temperature NON-OPERATING/ STORAGE OPERATING 0×C - 60×C The drive temperature is measured at the base plate motor well. low temperature (-40° C) high temperature (71° C) per MIL-STD-810E, method 501.3, climatic category; hot-induced conditions. Thermal Gradient 25° C per hour (maximum) Relative Humidity 5% to 95% (non-condensing) Wet Bulb 37.
Product Specifications 4.9 Shock and Vibration PARAMETER OPERATING NON-OPERATING Mechanical Shock R= 0.988/shock at 60 Gs; R= 0.999/shock at 30 Gs 2 msec, 1/2 sine R=0.90@>= 300G R=0.95@>= 250G R=0.99@>= 200G Rotational Shock R=0.988 @ 2000 rad/sec2 R=0.95 @ 20K rad/sec2 R=0.90 @ 20K rad/sec2 Rotational Random Vibration 2000 Hz 12.5 rad/sec2 RMS Overall 2 - 300 Hz 96.5 rad/sec2 RMS Random Vibration 2000 Hz PSD: 7 - 800 Hz at 3.
Product Specifications 4.10 Reliability Specifications Annualized Return Rate <1.0% Annualized Return Rate (ARR) indicates the average against products shipped. ARR includes all reasons for returns (failures, handling, damage, NDF) but does not include inventory credit returns. Start/Stop Cycles >50,000 This indicates the average minimum cycles for reliable start/stop function. R=0.9998@ >4500, R=0.9995 @ >7500, R=0.5 @ >= 50000 Data Reliability <1 per 1015 bits read Data errors (non-recoverable).
Product Specifications 4.11.2 Canadian Emissions Statement This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class B limits for radio noise emissions from digital apparatus as set out in the radio interference regulations of the Canadian department of communications.
Product Specifications 4-10 DiamondMax 10 80/100/120/160/200/250/300GB Serial ATA
ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Chapter 5 ATA BUS INTERFACE AND ATA COMMANDS This chapter describes the interface between Maxtor DiamondMax 10 Serial ATA hard disk drives and the ATA bus. The commands that are issued from the host to control the drive are listed, as well as the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the interface. 5.1 INTRODUCTION Maxtor DiamondMax 10 Serial ATA hard disk drives use the standard ATA/ ATAPI interface.
ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands 5.5 COMMAND INTERFACE 5.5.1 General Feature Set The µProcessor, Disk Controller, and ATA Interface electronics are contained in a proprietary ASIC developed by Maxtor. 5.5.2 Supported Commands The Maxtor DiamondMax 10 Serial ATA hard disk drives support all the mandatory commands from the general feature set for devices not supporting the Packet command feature set. Refer to the ATA/ATAPI-7 standard for a detailed description of these commands.
ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Table 5-1 Supported Commands Command Command Code Feature Register Value(s) READ LONG 22h, 23h READ FPDMA QUEUED 60h READ MULTIPLE C4h READ MULTIPLE EXTENSION 29h READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS F8h READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXTENSION 27h READ LOG EXTENSION 2fh READ SECTOR(S) 20h, 21h READ SECTOR(S) EXTENSION 24h READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) 40h, 41h READ VERIFY SECTOR EXTENSION 42h SECURITY DISABLE PASSWORD F6h SECURITY ERASE PREPARE F3h SECURITY ERASE UNIT
ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Table 5-1 Supported Commands Command Code Command Feature Register Value(s) SET MULTIPLE MODE C6h SLEEP 99h, E6h SMART DISABLE OPERATIONS B0h D9h SMART ENABLE OPERATIONS B0h D8h SMART ENABLE/DISABLE ATTRIBUTE AUTOSAVE B0h D2h SMART EXECUTE OFF-LINE IMMEDIATE B0h D4h SMART READ DATA B0h D0h SMART READ LOG B0h D5h SMART RETURN STATUS B0h DAh SMART SAVE ATTRIBUTE VALUES B0h D3h SMART WRITE LOG B0h D6h STANDBY 96h, E2h STANDBY IMMEDIATE 94
ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Note: 1. As defined in the ATA/ATAPI-7 standard. Identify Drive Command This command allows the host to receive parameter information from the drive. When the command is received, the drive: 1. Sets BSY 2. Stores the required parameter information in the sector buffer 3. Sets the DRQ bit 4. Generates an interrupt The host may then read the information out of the sector buffer. Parameter words in the buffer are shown in Table 5-2.
ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Table 5-2 Identify Drive Command Parameters Word 9 CONTENT DESCRIPTION Retired 10-19 Serial number (20 ASCII characters) 20-21 Retired 22 Reserved 23-26 Firmware revision (8 ASCII characters) 27-46 Model number (40 ASCII characters) 47 15-8: 80h 7-0: 00h = Reserved 01h-FFh: = Maximum number of sectors that shall be transferred per interrupt on READ/ WRITE MULTIPLE commands 48 Reserved 49 Capabilities 15-14: Reserved for the IDENTIFY PACKET DEVICE comm
ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Table 5-2 Identify Drive Command Parameters Word 53 CONTENT DESCRIPTION 15-3: Reserved 2: 1 = the fields reported in word 88 are valid. 0 = the fields reported in word 88 are not valid 1: 1 = the fields reported in words (70:64) are valid.
ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Table 5-2 Identify Drive Command Parameters Word 67 CONTENT DESCRIPTION Minimum PIO transfer cycle time without flow control 15-0: 68 Cycle time in nanoseconds Minimum PIO transfer cycle time with IORDY flow control 15-0: Cycle time in nanoseconds 69-70 Reserved (for future command overlap and queuing) 71-74 Reserved for IDENTIFY PACKET DEVICE command.
ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Table 5-2 Identify Drive Command Parameters Word 81 CONTENT DESCRIPTION Minor version number 0000h or FFFFh = device does not report version. 0001h-FFFEh = see 6.16.41 of ATA/ATAPI-7 specification 82 83 Command set supported.
ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Table 5-2 Identify Drive Command Parameters Word 83 84 85 CONTENT DESCRIPTION 7: See Address Offset Reserved Area Boot, INCITS TR27:2001 6: 1 = SET FEATURES subcommand required to spinup after power-up 5: 1 = Power-Up In Standby feature set supported 4: 1 = Removable Media Status Notification feature set supported 3: 1 = Advanced Power Management feature set supported 2: 1 = CFA feature set supported 1: 1 = READ/WRITE DMA QUEUED supported 0: 1 = DOWNLOAD
ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Table 5-2 Identify Drive Command Parameters Word 85 86 87 CONTENT DESCRIPTION 7: 1 = release interrupt enabled 6: 1 = look-ahead enabled 5: 1 = write cache enabled 4: Shall be cleared to zero to indicate that the PACKET Command feature set is not supported. 3: 1 = Power Management feature set enabled 2: 1 = Removable Media feature set enabled 1: 1 = Security Mode feature set enabled 0: 1 = SMART feature set enabled Command set/feature enabled.
ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Table 5-2 Identify Drive Command Parameters Word 87 88 CONTENT DESCRIPTION 6: 1 = WRITE DMA FUA EXT and WRITE MULTIPLE FUA EXT commands supported 5: General Purpose Logging feature set supported 4: 1 = Valid CONFIGURE STREAM command has been executed 3: 1 = Media Card Pass Through Command feature set enabled 2: 1 = Media serial number is valid 1: 1 = SMART self-test supported 0: 1 = SMART error logging supported 15: Reserved 14: 1 = Ultra DMA mode 6 is
ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Table 5-2 Identify Drive Command Parameters Word 93 CONTENT DESCRIPTION Hardware reset result. The contents of bits (12:0) of this word shall change only during the execution of a hardware reset 15: Shall be cleared to zero. 14: Shall be set to one. 13: 1 = device detected CBLID- above ViH. 0 = device detected CBLID- below ViL 12-8: Device 1 hardware reset result. Device 0 shall clear these bits to zero. Device shall set these bits as follows: 12: Reserved.
ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Table 5-2 Identify Drive Command Parameters Word 94 CONTENT DESCRIPTION 15-8: Vendor’s recommended acoustic management value. 7-0: Current automatic acoustic management value 95 Stream Minimum Request Size 96 Stream Transfer Time - DMA 97 Stream Access Latency - DMA 98-99 100-103 Streaming Performance Granularity Maximum user LBA for 48-bit Address feature set.
ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Table 5-2 Identify Drive Command Parameters Word 128 CONTENT DESCRIPTION Security status 15-9: Reserved 8: Security level 0 = High, 1 = Maximum 7-6: Reserved 5: 1 = Enhanced security erase supported 4: 1 = Security count expired 3: 1 = Security frozen 2: 1 = Security locked 1: 1 = Security enabled 0: 1 = Security supported 129-159 Vendor specific 160-254 Reserved 255 Integrity word 15-8: Checksum 7-0: Signature DiamondMax 10 80/100/120/160/200/
ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands 5-16 DiamondMax 10 80/100/120/160/200/250/300GB Serial ATA
Service and Support Chapter 6 SERVICE AND SUPPORT 6.1 GETTING HELP Before contacting Maxtor Support, use the Hard Disk Information feature in MaxBlast to view the model number and serial number of your drive. These numbers can be used to get help from Maxtor Support, register your drive, and look up information on the Maxtor website. Please visit www.maxtor.
Service and Support 6-2 DiamondMax 10 80/100/120/160/200/300GB Serial ATA
Breaking the 137GB Storage Barrier Appendix A BREAKING THE 137 GIGABYTE STORAGE BARRIER This appendix provides information about the 137GB storage barrier. It discusses the history, cause and the solution to overcome this barrier. A.1 Breaking the 137 Gigabyte Storage Barrier Capacity barriers have been a fact of the personal computer world since its beginnings in the early 1980’s. At least 10 different capacity barriers have occurred in the storage industry over the last 15 years.
Breaking the 137GB Storage Barrier Past barriers often frustrated people trying to add a new hard disk to an older system when they discovered that not all of the designed capacity of the hard disk was accessible. This inability to access the entire drive is referred to as a “capacity barrier” and it has been seen and overcome many times in the computer and disk drive industry.
Breaking the 137GB Storage Barrier A.1.2 Solving the 137 Gigabyte Capacity Barrier As described earlier, the issue causing the 137-gigabyte barrier is the 28-bit addressing method of the original ATA specification. A change to expand this method was required to provide more address bits for the interface, allowing significant growth for many years to come. A critical issue in expanding the addressing capability was maintaining compatibility with the existing installed base of products.
Breaking the 137GB Storage Barrier The BIOS companies will also have to perform some work to recognize the increased capacity of the devices attached to the bus and allow the extended 48-bit commands to pass on to the devices. Boot partitions will also be an issue for the capacity of the drive if the BIOS does not recognize the 48-bit addressing scheme at or before the system boots the OS from the hard drive.
Breaking the 137GB Storage Barrier Appendix C: Resources • Maxtor “Big Drive” web site for resource information: http://www.maxtor.com/bigdrive • ATA/ATAPI-6: http://www.T13.
Breaking the 137GB Storage Barrier A-6 DiamondMax 10 80/100/120/160/200/250/300GB Serial ATA
Glossary A ACCESS – (v) Read, write, or update information on some storage medium, such as a disk. (n) One of these operations. ACCESS TIME – The interval between the time a request for data is made by the system and the time the data is available from the drive. Access time includes the actual seek time, rotational latency, and command processing overhead time. See also seek, rotational latency, and overhead. ACTUATOR – Also known as the positioner.
Glossary CAPACITY – The amount of information that can be stored on a disk drive. The data is stored in bytes, and capacity is usually expressed in megabytes. CDB – Command Descriptor Block. The SCSI structure used to communicate requests from an initiator (system) to a target (drive). CLEAN ROOM – An environmentally controlled dust-free assembly or repair facility in which hard disk drives are assembled or can be opened for internal servicing.
Glossary E ECC – Acronym for error correction code. The recording of extra verifying information encoded along with the disk data. The controller uses the extra information to check for data errors, and corrects the errors when possible. EMBEDDED SERVO – A timing or location signal placed on the disk’s surface on the tracks that also store data. These signals allow the actuator to fine-tune the position of the read/write heads.
Glossary over a magnesium or aluminum platter. Because hard disks spin more rapidly than floppy disks, and the head flies closer to the disk, hard disks can transfer data faster and store more in the same volume. INTERLEAVE – The arrangement of sectors on a track. A 1:1 interleave arranges the sectors so that the next sector arrives at the read/write heads just as the computer is ready to access it. See also interleave factor.
Glossary which the read/write heads are waiting for the data to rotate into position so that it can be accessed. Based on a disk rotation speed of 3,662 rpm, the maximum latency time is 16.4 milliseconds, and the average latency time is 8.2 milliseconds. measurement equal to 1,024 kilobytes, or 1,048,576 bytes except when referring to disk storage capacity. LOGICAL FORMAT – The logical drive geometry that appears to an AT system BIOS as defined by the drive tables and stored in CMOS.
Glossary MTTR – Mean Time To Repair. The average time it takes to repair a drive that has failed for some reason. This only takes into consideration the changing of the major sub-assemblies such as circuit board or sealed housing. Component level repair is not included in this number as this type of repair is not performed in the field. O OVERHEAD – The processing time of a command by the controller, host adapter or drive prior to any actual disk accesses taking place.
Glossary REMOVABLE DISK – Generally said of disk drives where the disk itself is meant to be removed, and in particular of hard disks using disks mounted in cartridges. Their advantage is that multiple disks can be used to increase the amount of stored material, and that once removed, the disk can be stored away to prevent unauthorized use. RLL – Run Length Limited. A method used on some hard disks to encode data into magnetic pulses.
Glossary STEPPER – A type of motor that moves in discrete amounts for each input electrical pulse. Stepper motors used to be widely used for read/write head positioner, since they can be geared to move the head one track per step. Stepper motors are not as fast or reliable as the rotary voice coil actuators which Maxtor disk drives use. SUBSTRATE – The material the disk platter is made of beneath the magnetic coating.
Index A M abbreviations 1-1 adapter board 2-4, 3-20 maximum screw torque 3-18 mechanical dimensions 3-1 motherboard 3-20 mounting 3-17 mounting dimensions 3-17 mounting holes 3-17 mounting screw clearance 3-18 mounting screws 3-18 MS-DOS 3-26 C cable Select 3-7 cable select (CS) jumper 3-6 clearance 3-19 command descriptions 5-2 connector, IDE 3-11, 3-16 cooling fan requirements 3-19 P daisy-chain 2-3 daisy-chained 3-6 drive select (DS) jumper 3-7 packing assembly 3-2 packing materials 3-2 power and
